情绪调节策略的有效性:外显与内隐自尊的作用
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- 英文论文题名：The Usefulness of Emotion Regulation Strategies:The Effect of Explicit and Implicit Self-Esteem
- 论文作者：朱文龙 ; 马焱 ; 姜媛 ; 方平
- 英文论文作者：Zhu Wenlong ; Ma Yan ; Jiang Yuan ; Fang Ping ; Laboratory of Emotion ; Department of Psychology ; College of Education ; Capital Normal University ; Department of Sports Psychology ; College of Sport Science ; Beijing Sport University ; Laboratory of Emotion ; Department of Psychology ; College of Education ; Capital Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：首都师范大学教育学院心理学系情绪实验室;北京体育大学运动人体科学学院运动心理学教研室;
- 论文关键词：外显/内隐自尊 ; 情绪 ; 情绪调节 ; 威胁性情境 ; 行为预期
- 英文论文关键词：Explicit/Implicit Self-Esteem ; Emotion ; Emotion Regulation ; Threatened Situation ; Behavior Prediction
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842.6
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：785k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
情绪调节策略的有效性不仅受到所处情境的影响,其调节效果同样也会因个体适用性而有所不同;而自尊作为自我系统的核心成分,其对于情绪调节的作用值得关注。已有研究表明,外显与内隐自尊和情绪调节策略的使用倾向之间存在相关,但情绪调节的效果是否同样收到自尊的影响则尚未获得实证研究的支持。研究结合Rosenberg自尊量表、反应窗情绪启动任务以及PANAS情绪量表,希望通过两个实验分别探明认知重评和表达抑制两种情绪调节策略对不同自尊水平个体的适用性(实验一),以及情绪调节策略对威胁性情境下行为预期的影响(实验二)。实验一通过回归分析发现,情绪调节策略的使用效果和外显与内隐自尊之间均存在显著相关,内隐自尊可以正向预测认知重评和表达抑制的调节效果,而外显自尊则能够正向预测认知重评、反向预测表达抑制的调节效果。实验二在此基础上比较了不同情绪调节策略组间行为预期积极程度的差异,多因素方差分析的结果显示认知重评组的行为预期积极程度显著高于控制组,而这种差异在高外显及高内隐自尊组中更为明显;表达抑制组的行为预期积极程度虽然与控制组并无显著差异,但表达抑制策略的使用和外显与内隐自尊均存在交互作用,在低外显自尊组及高内隐自尊组中,表达抑制组的行为预期积极程度显著高于控制组。研究结果表明,通过与个体特质相适应的情绪调节策略的使用,能够有效影响个体对自身行为结果的预期,从而改变其实际行为。
The usefulness of emotion regulation strategies is restricted not only by its concrete situation, it would also be effected by the applicability for characteristics of individual. As the core component of self, the effect of self-esteem to emotion regulation has already been concerned and gaining increased attention. The current research shows that explicit and implicit self-esteem are both significantly related to the tendency of emotion regulation strategies, however, it remains unknown whether they also effect the result of emotion regulation or not. Therefore, we conducted two experiments to explore and examine the applicability of two emotion regulation strategies- cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression-to individuals with different self-esteem(Experiment 1), and the effect of emotion regulation strategies to behavior prediction in threatened situation(Experiment 2). The study is based on the Series Memory Task and Behavior Prediction Task to create the threatened situation, and combined with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(RSES) and the Response-Window Affective Priming Task(RW-APT) to measure explicit and implicit self-esteem respectively. Experiment 1 has found that the result of emotion regulation is significantly related to both explicit and implicit self-esteem by regression analysis. That is, implicit self-esteem could predict positively the result of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression. And it is not completely same for explicit self-esteem that could predict positively the result of cognitive reappraisal but predict negatively the result of expression suppression. Experiment 2 has compared activeness of behavior prediction between different groups of emotion regulation strategies based on the result of Experiment 1. It shows that the activeness of behavior prediction of cognitive reappraisal group is significantly higher to the control group. And this tendency would be much more obvious in high explicit self-esteem and high implicit self-esteem ones. Besides, there was no significant difference between expression suppression group and control group for the activeness of behavior prediction, but an interaction has found in explicit and implicit self-esteem and the use of expression suppression. Specifically, the activeness of behavior prediction of expression suppression group is significantly higher to the control group with low explicit self-esteem and high implicit self-esteem. It indicated that using the emotion regulation strategies adapted to characteristics of particular individual would influence his/her expectancy of behavioral outcome effectively, and change the actual behavior consequently.
The usefulness of emotion regulation strategies is restricted not only by its concrete situation, it would also be effected by the applicability for characteristics of individual. As the core component of self, the effect of self-esteem to emotion regulation has already been concerned and gaining increased attention. The current research shows that explicit and implicit self-esteem are both significantly related to the tendency of emotion regulation strategies, however, it remains unknown whether they also effect the result of emotion regulation or not. Therefore, we conducted two experiments to explore and examine the applicability of two emotion regulation strategies- cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression-to individuals with different self-esteem(Experiment 1), and the effect of emotion regulation strategies to behavior prediction in threatened situation(Experiment 2). The study is based on the Series Memory Task and Behavior Prediction Task to create the threatened situation, and combined with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale(RSES) and the Response-Window Affective Priming Task(RW-APT) to measure explicit and implicit self-esteem respectively. Experiment 1 has found that the result of emotion regulation is significantly related to both explicit and implicit self-esteem by regression analysis. That is, implicit self-esteem could predict positively the result of cognitive reappraisal and expression suppression. And it is not completely same for explicit self-esteem that could predict positively the result of cognitive reappraisal but predict negatively the result of expression suppression. Experiment 2 has compared activeness of behavior prediction between different groups of emotion regulation strategies based on the result of Experiment 1. It shows that the activeness of behavior prediction of cognitive reappraisal group is significantly higher to the control group. And this tendency would be much more obvious in high explicit self-esteem and high implicit self-esteem ones. Besides, there was no significant difference between expression suppression group and control group for the activeness of behavior prediction, but an interaction has found in explicit and implicit self-esteem and the use of expression suppression. Specifically, the activeness of behavior prediction of expression suppression group is significantly higher to the control group with low explicit self-esteem and high implicit self-esteem. It indicated that using the emotion regulation strategies adapted to characteristics of particular individual would influence his/her expectancy of behavioral outcome effectively, and change the actual behavior consequently.
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