注意偏向对认知重评效果的影响:工作记忆刷新能力的调节作用
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- 英文论文题名：Working Memory Updating Ability Moderate the Effect of Attentional Bias on Reappraisal Effectiveness
- 论文作者：周荃 ; 邢淑芬 ; 姜媛 ; 方平
- 英文论文作者：Zhou Quan ; Xing Shufen ; Jiang Yuan ; Fang Ping ; College of Education ; Capital Normal University ; Division of Sport Psychology ; Beijing Sport University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：首都师范大学教育学院;北京体育大学运动心理学教研室;
- 论文关键词：情绪调节 ; 工作记忆刷新能力 ; 认知重评效果 ; 注意偏向
- 英文论文关键词：emotion regulation ; working memory updating ; reappraisal effectiveness ; attentional bias
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842.3
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：751k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
良好的情绪调节能力是健康情绪功能的关键组成部分。因此,确定情绪调节效果的决定因素是必要的。注意偏向是指优先注意某些类别的情绪刺激的倾向。即一开始就通过注意,过滤个体接收的信息。因此积极的注意偏向会使个体偏向注意积极信息,消极注意偏向则使个体偏向注意消极刺激。认知重评通常被认为是一种适应性情绪调节策略,是指个体以另一个角度或更广阔的视角来看待情绪诱发事件,涉及到改变个体目前的观点。积极注意偏向使个体在重评过程中更快速地注意事物的积极面,形成一个更积极中肯的看法,取代当前视角,因此我们假设注意偏向可以显著预测认知重评的效果。工作记忆刷新是认知控制的一个重要成分,工作记忆刷新能力是指刷新工作记忆中信息的速度大小。工作记忆刷新速度慢的个体,更易维持工作记忆中的信息。因此较差的刷新能力使积极注意偏向个体易于维持工作记忆中的积极信息,产生最好的认知重评效果,却使消极注意偏向个体更难摆脱工作记忆中的消极信息,产生最差的认知重评效果。即,注意偏向对认知重评效果的影响受到工作记忆刷新能力的调节作用。结果表明,积极的注意偏向能够显著正向预测使用认知重评策略来降低对一个悲伤电影片段的消极情绪。同工作记忆刷新能力较高的个体相比,工作记忆刷新能力较低的个体中,有积极注意偏向的个体能最大程度降低消极情绪,而有消极注意偏向的个体却最低程度降低消极情绪。
The ability to regulate emotion is a critical component of healthy emotional functioning. Therefore, it is important to determine factors that contribute to the efficacy of emotion regulation. The definition of attentional bias is the predisposition to attend to certain categories of affectively salient stimuli over others. Attentional bias regulates subsequent emotional responses by tuning one's filters for initial attention and subsequent processing. So positive attention bias would bring attention of individual preference to positive information, and negative attentional bias makes individual pay priority attention to negative stimuli. Reappraisal is generally viewed as an adaptive emotion regulation strategy. Reappraisal involves the reinterpretation of the emotion-eliciting situation in a way that changes the emotional response. They can think about the event in a bigger context, reinterpret the situation in a nonemotional manner. Positive attention bias make individual in the process of reappraisal pay attention to the positive aspects of event, form a positive view replaces the current perspective, so we assume that the attention bias could significantly predict reappraisal effectiveness. Working memory updating ability refers to the speed of updating the information of working memory. Therefore poorer updating ability makes individuals which have positive/negative attentional bias maintain positive and negative information in working memory respectively,then get the best and worst reappraisal effectiveness respectively. That is, working memory updating ability moderates the effect of attentional bias on reappraisal effectiveness. The results showed that positive attentional bias predicted the ability to use reappraisal to down-regulate emotions in response to a sad film clip. Poorer working memory updating ability predicted individuals which have positive attentional bias maximum reduce the negative emotions, individuals which have negative attentional bias minimum reduce the negative emotions, weaker for those with greater working memory updating ability.
The ability to regulate emotion is a critical component of healthy emotional functioning. Therefore, it is important to determine factors that contribute to the efficacy of emotion regulation. The definition of attentional bias is the predisposition to attend to certain categories of affectively salient stimuli over others. Attentional bias regulates subsequent emotional responses by tuning one's filters for initial attention and subsequent processing. So positive attention bias would bring attention of individual preference to positive information, and negative attentional bias makes individual pay priority attention to negative stimuli. Reappraisal is generally viewed as an adaptive emotion regulation strategy. Reappraisal involves the reinterpretation of the emotion-eliciting situation in a way that changes the emotional response. They can think about the event in a bigger context, reinterpret the situation in a nonemotional manner. Positive attention bias make individual in the process of reappraisal pay attention to the positive aspects of event, form a positive view replaces the current perspective, so we assume that the attention bias could significantly predict reappraisal effectiveness. Working memory updating ability refers to the speed of updating the information of working memory. Therefore poorer updating ability makes individuals which have positive/negative attentional bias maintain positive and negative information in working memory respectively,then get the best and worst reappraisal effectiveness respectively. That is, working memory updating ability moderates the effect of attentional bias on reappraisal effectiveness. The results showed that positive attentional bias predicted the ability to use reappraisal to down-regulate emotions in response to a sad film clip. Poorer working memory updating ability predicted individuals which have positive attentional bias maximum reduce the negative emotions, individuals which have negative attentional bias minimum reduce the negative emotions, weaker for those with greater working memory updating ability.
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