老年人应对方式、孤独感对自我效能感的影响研究
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- 英文论文题名：A Study on the Influence of Coping Styles and Loneliness of Old People on the Sense of Self-efficacy
- 论文作者：董晶晶 ; 姚本先
- 英文论文作者：Dong Jing-jing ; Yao Ben-xian ; College of Educational Science ; Anhui Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：安徽师范大学教育科学学院;
- 论文关键词：老年人 ; 应对方式 ; 孤独感 ; 自我效能感
- 英文论文关键词：the old people ; the coping styles ; loneliness ; the sense of self efficacy
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B848
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：771k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
为探究老年人的应对方式、孤独感对其自我效能感的影响状况,本研究采用应对方式问卷(CSQ)、UCLA孤独量表以及一般主观效能感问卷对312名老年人展开问卷调查,结果发现:(1)当今老年人的自我效能感整体水平偏低;(2)当今老年人最常用的应对方式是求助,其次是合理化和退避,而且调查也发现,老年人应对方式存在差异,主要表现为:男性比女性更倾向于采用成熟的方式,年龄越高的老年人采用方式越不成熟,文化程度高的老年人倾向于采用合理化和成熟的应对方式,婚姻状况不良的老年人越倾向于采用解决问题等成熟方式等等;(3)当今老年人会体会到更多的孤独感,而影响老年人体验到孤独感的因素有很多,主要有性别、婚姻状况、居住环境、生活状态、兴趣爱好、社交状态以及自我评价、自我肯定程度等;(4)应对方式影响老年人的自我效能感,其效能感水平从高到低依次为:成熟型应对方式的老年人、混合型应对方式的老年人、不成熟型应对方式的老年人;(5)老年人体验孤独感的水平与自我效能感呈负相关,且二者互相影响。针对该研究结果,本文提出,应该针对老年人的应对方式创造相适应的生活方式,提供更多关怀减少孤独感体验,从而提高老年人自我效能感,促进社会和谐发展。
To explore the influence of coping styles of the elderly and loneliness on the self-efficacy, this study investigated 312 old people,using Coping Style Questionnaire(CSQ), UCLA Loneliness Scale and general subjective effectiveness questionnaire.The results show that:(1)Nowadays, the overall level of self efficacy in the elderly is low;(2)The most common coping style of the aged is to turn to the help, the second is Rationalization, furthermore, is To Retreat. And the research also finds that, there are differences in coping styles of old people, mainly for: men tend to be more mature than women; older people use the way which is the more immature; high educated people tend to adopt a reasonable and mature coping style; the older people who are ill in marriage tend to adopt a more mature way, such as solving problems, and so on(;3)Nowadays, the old people will feel more lonely, and there are a lot of factors that influence the loneliness experience of old people, such as gender, marital status, living environment, living conditions, interest, social status, self evaluation, self affirmation, etc.;(4)The coping styles influence the self efficacy of the elderly. Their levels of effectiveness from high to low are:the elderly whose coping style is Mature, the elderly whose coping style is Mixed, the elderly whose coping style is Immature;(5) The level of loneliness experience in the elderly is negatively related to the sense of self efficacy, and both affect each other. In view of the results of this study, this paper presents that we should aim at the old people's coping styles to create a suitable way of life, and provide more care to reduce loneliness experience, so as to improve the self efficacy of the elderly, and promote the harmonious development of society.
To explore the influence of coping styles of the elderly and loneliness on the self-efficacy, this study investigated 312 old people,using Coping Style Questionnaire(CSQ), UCLA Loneliness Scale and general subjective effectiveness questionnaire.The results show that:(1)Nowadays, the overall level of self efficacy in the elderly is low;(2)The most common coping style of the aged is to turn to the help, the second is Rationalization, furthermore, is To Retreat. And the research also finds that, there are differences in coping styles of old people, mainly for: men tend to be more mature than women; older people use the way which is the more immature; high educated people tend to adopt a reasonable and mature coping style; the older people who are ill in marriage tend to adopt a more mature way, such as solving problems, and so on(;3)Nowadays, the old people will feel more lonely, and there are a lot of factors that influence the loneliness experience of old people, such as gender, marital status, living environment, living conditions, interest, social status, self evaluation, self affirmation, etc.;(4)The coping styles influence the self efficacy of the elderly. Their levels of effectiveness from high to low are:the elderly whose coping style is Mature, the elderly whose coping style is Mixed, the elderly whose coping style is Immature;(5) The level of loneliness experience in the elderly is negatively related to the sense of self efficacy, and both affect each other. In view of the results of this study, this paper presents that we should aim at the old people's coping styles to create a suitable way of life, and provide more care to reduce loneliness experience, so as to improve the self efficacy of the elderly, and promote the harmonious development of society.
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