工作记忆和风险取向类型对情感决策的影响
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- 英文论文题名：The Influence of Working Memory and Types of Risk-Taking on Affective Decision-Making
- 论文作者：周灿灿 ; 王梓宇 ; 曾祥思 ; 游旭群
- 英文论文作者：Zhou Cancan ; Wang Ziyu ; Zeng Xiangsi ; You Xuqun ; College of Psychology ; Shaanxi Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：陕西师范大学心理学院;
- 论文关键词：工作记忆 ; 风险取向 ; 爱荷华赌博任务 ; 情感决策
- 英文论文关键词：working memory ; types of risk-taking ; Iowa Gambling Task ; affective decision-making
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：742k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
作为一种重要的社会适应能力,情感决策是指个体在面临价值矛盾而引发情感冲突时做出趋利避害选择的能力。尽管以往对影响情感决策的相关因素有了大量研究,但对于工作记忆是否参与情感决策过程还存在争议。此外,作为一种影响决策的重要的个体差异,风险取向类型是否与工作记忆产生交互作用,目前还不得而知。基于此,本研究采用自变量2(风险取向类型:风险偏好/风险规避)×2(工作记忆负荷:无负荷/有负荷)混合实验设计,以88名大学生为被试(男24人,女64人,年龄20.36±1.71)。因变量为被试在情感决策经典任务——爱荷华赌博任务(Iowa Gambling Task,IGT)中的成绩。具体地说,被试按照编号随机分为两组,奇数组进行有工作记忆负荷(被试需对一串数字进行记忆和再认)的IGT,偶数组进行无工作记忆负荷的IGT;最后,用风险取向类型区分任务(Ballon Analogue Risk-taking Task,BART)测量了所有被试的风险取向类型。结果发现:高工作记忆负荷会显著降低被试在IGT中的表现,F(1,84)=12.768,p<0.001;工作记忆负荷和风险取向类型存在交互作用,即对于风险偏好型的被试,工作记忆负荷对IGT成绩的干扰并不明显,F(1,4067)=1.88,p>0.05;但对于风险规避型的被试,当工作记忆负荷高时IGT的决策成绩比工作记忆负荷低更差,F(1,4067)=27.60,p<0.001。这些结果表明了工作记忆和风险取向都会对个体的情感决策产生影响。
This research intends to find out how the working memory and the types of risk-taking affect the performance of affective decision-making. As an important social adaptation ability, the affective decision-making refers to the ability to make a choice when individuals face the value and emotional conflicts. Although many previous researches have studied on factors accounts for affective decision-making, it's in great dispute that whether working memory has participated in the process of affective decision-making. Moreover, it is not clear that whether the types of risk-taking, a factor of individual differences and personality to affect decision-making, has interaction effect with working memory. Based on these, this research took the independent variable 2(Types of risk-taking: risk preference/risk aversion) ×2(Working memory load: load/ non-load) mixed experimental design, testing 88 university students(male: 24 female: 64 Age: 20.36±1.71). The dependent variable was participants' grades of Iowa Gambling Task(IGT), which is the classic assessment of affective decision-making in a laboratory environment. Specifically speaking,all the participants were separated into two groups randomly according their numbers, then the odd number group took the IGT with working memory load(they should remember and recognize a string of numbers) while the even number group took the IGT without working memory load. Finally, all the participants took the second experiment, the Balloon Analogue Risk-taking Task(Lejuez, 2002), aiming to differentiate between the two types of risk-taking. The results showed that high working memory load significantly declined the performance in IGT, F(1, 84)=12.768, p<0.001; working memory and the types of risk-taking had interaction effect. That is to say, for the participants of risk preference type, the interference of working memory was not obvious, F(1, 4067)=1.88, p>0.05; while for the risk aversion type, when the working memory is occupied, the grades are worse, F(1, 4067)=27.60, p<0.001. These results suggested that both working memory and the types of risk-taking affect individuals' affective decision-making.
This research intends to find out how the working memory and the types of risk-taking affect the performance of affective decision-making. As an important social adaptation ability, the affective decision-making refers to the ability to make a choice when individuals face the value and emotional conflicts. Although many previous researches have studied on factors accounts for affective decision-making, it's in great dispute that whether working memory has participated in the process of affective decision-making. Moreover, it is not clear that whether the types of risk-taking, a factor of individual differences and personality to affect decision-making, has interaction effect with working memory. Based on these, this research took the independent variable 2(Types of risk-taking: risk preference/risk aversion) ×2(Working memory load: load/ non-load) mixed experimental design, testing 88 university students(male: 24 female: 64 Age: 20.36±1.71). The dependent variable was participants' grades of Iowa Gambling Task(IGT), which is the classic assessment of affective decision-making in a laboratory environment. Specifically speaking,all the participants were separated into two groups randomly according their numbers, then the odd number group took the IGT with working memory load(they should remember and recognize a string of numbers) while the even number group took the IGT without working memory load. Finally, all the participants took the second experiment, the Balloon Analogue Risk-taking Task(Lejuez, 2002), aiming to differentiate between the two types of risk-taking. The results showed that high working memory load significantly declined the performance in IGT, F(1, 84)=12.768, p<0.001; working memory and the types of risk-taking had interaction effect. That is to say, for the participants of risk preference type, the interference of working memory was not obvious, F(1, 4067)=1.88, p>0.05; while for the risk aversion type, when the working memory is occupied, the grades are worse, F(1, 4067)=27.60, p<0.001. These results suggested that both working memory and the types of risk-taking affect individuals' affective decision-making.
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