联合利华在毒理测试替代方法开发及化妆品安全评估方面的研究进展
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- 英文论文题名：AN OVERVIEW OF UNILEVER'S PROGRAMME OF WORK TO DEVELOP ALTERNATIVE METHODS FOR TOXICITY TESTING AND COSMETICS SAFETY ASSESSMENT
- 论文作者：辛文波 ; 赖顺果 ; 张秀军 ; 朱介兵 ; Penny Jones ; Carl Westmoreland ; Jin Li
- 英文论文作者：Wenbo Xin ; Shunguo Lai ; Xiujun Zhang ; Jiebing Zhu ; Penny Jones ; Carl Westmoreland ; Jin Li ; Unilever Research and Development Centre Shanghai ; Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Center ; Colworth Science Park
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：联合利华研究发展中心;联合利华安全与环境保障中心;
- 论文关键词：替代方法 ; 化妆品安全评估 ; 联合利华 ; 国际合作与协作
- 英文论文关键词：alternative methods ; cosmetic safety assessment ; Unilever ; international cooperation and collaboration
- 会议召开时间：2016-06-15
- 会议录名称：第十一届中国化妆品学术研讨会论文集
- 英文会议录名称：The Proceedings of the 11th Seminar on Cosmetic China
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：TQ658
- 学会代码：ZGXE
- 会议名称：第十一届中国化妆品学术研讨会
- 会议地点：中国上海
- 主办单位：中国香料香精化妆品工业协会
- 学会名称：中国香料香精化妆品工业协会
- 页数：6
- 文件大小：646k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
自2013年3月11日起,欧盟全面禁止销售任何在动物身上进行安全测试的化妆品(包括化妆品原料)。此后,更多的国家效法欧盟,颁布禁止化妆品动物测试的法规,其中包括印度、以色列和新西兰等国。这些禁令对包括联合利华在内的跨国化妆品公司带来了巨大的挑战和机遇。本文简要回顾了联合利华为应对该挑战而在局部毒性测试替代方法开发及化妆品安全评估等方面所取得的成果,以及目前与各国政府机构、学术界和工业界合作开发用于全身毒性评估的动物实验替代方法的研究进展。
The European Union prohibited the sale of any cosmetics that contain ingredients which have been tested on animals after March 11,2013.More countries across globe have been following suit to ban animal testing on cosmetics in regulations,including India,Israel,New Zealand.This poses both a challenge and an opportunity for cosmetics companies,like Unilever.This paper briefly reviews Unilever's historic efforts to tackle the challenge,as well as its ongoing research and development,in partnership with its global collaborators across governments,academia,and industry,to take the opportunity to develop modern alternative methods,moving away from traditional animal testing,for cosmetics safety assessment.
The European Union prohibited the sale of any cosmetics that contain ingredients which have been tested on animals after March 11,2013.More countries across globe have been following suit to ban animal testing on cosmetics in regulations,including India,Israel,New Zealand.This poses both a challenge and an opportunity for cosmetics companies,like Unilever.This paper briefly reviews Unilever's historic efforts to tackle the challenge,as well as its ongoing research and development,in partnership with its global collaborators across governments,academia,and industry,to take the opportunity to develop modern alternative methods,moving away from traditional animal testing,for cosmetics safety assessment.
引文
[1]Fentem J,Chamberlain M,and Sangster B.The feasibility of replacing animal testing for assessing consumer safety:a suggested future direction[J].Altern.Lab.Anim.,2004,32:617-623.
[2]Fentem,J.Working together to respond to the challenges of EU policy to replace animal testing[J].Altern.Lab.Anim.,2006:34,11-18.
[3]Fentem J and Westmoreland C.Risk assessment and new technologies:Opportunities to assure safety without animal testing and better protect public health?http://alttox.org/ttrc/overarching-challenges/wav-f orward/fentem-westmoreland/(Last accessed at26/03/2013).
[4]Westmoreland C,Carmichael P,Dent M,etc.Assuring safety without animal testing:Unilever's ongoing research programme to deliver novel ways to assure consumer safety[J].ALTEX,2010,27:207-11.
[5]Reynolds F.Non-animal approaches and safety science[J].Biochemist,2004,36:19-25.
[6]Jowsey I,Basketter D,Westmoreland C,etc.A future approach to measuring relative skin sensitising potency:a proposal[J].Journal of Applied Toxicology,2006,26:341-350.
[7]Maxwell G,Aleksic M,Aptula A,etc.Assuring consumer safety without animal testing:A feasibility case study for skin sensitisation[J],Altern.Lab.Anim.,2008,36:557-68.
[8]Maxwell G,Aleksic M,Davies M,etc.Skin sensitization:Modelling the human adverse response[J].Altex WC8 Proceedings,2012:1/12:225-29.
[9]Maxwell G,MacKay C,Cuberley R,etc.Applying the skin sensitisation adverse outcome pathway(AOP)to quantitative risk assessment[J].Toxicology In Vitro,2014,28:8-12.
[10]OECD.The Adverse Outcome Pathway for skin sensitisation initiated by covalent binding to proteins.Part 2:Use of the AOP to develop chemical categories and integrated assessment and testing approaches.Series on Testing and Assessment.No.168[M].ENV/JM/MONO(2012)/PART2.
[11]Fentem J,Chamberlain M,Sangster B.The feasibility of replacing animal testing for assessing consumer safety:a suggested future direction[J].Altern.Lab.Anim.,2004,32:617-623.
[12]MacKay C,Davies M,Summerfield V,etc.From pathways to people:Applying the adverse outcome pathway(AOP)for skin sensitisation to risk assessment[J].ALTEX,2013,30:473-486.
[13]Westmoreland C,Carmichael P,Dent M,etc.Assuring safety without animal testing:Unilever's ongoing research programme to deliver novel ways to assure consumer safety[J].ALTEX,2010,27:61-65.
[14]Westmoreland C,Carmichael PL.Chemical safety without animals.Nat Biotechnology[J].Nature Biotechnology,2014,32:541-3.
[15]Ankley G,Bennett R,Erickson R,etc.Adverse outcome pathways:A conceptual framework to support ecotoxicological research and risk assessment[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2009,29:730-741.
[16]Dent M,Carmichael P,Jones K,etc.Towards a non-animal risk assessment for anti-androgenic effects in humans[J].Environmental International,2015,83:94-106.
[17]Neely T,Walsh-Mason B,Russel P,etc.A multi-criteria decision analysis model to assess the safety of botanicals utilizing data on history of use[J].Toxicol Int.,2011,18:S20-9.
[18]Carthew P,Clapp C,Gutsell S.Exposure based waiving:the application of the toxicological threshold of concern(TTC)to inhalation exposure for aerosol ingredients in consumer products[J].Food Chem.Toxicol.,2009,47:1287-1295.
[19]Gutsell S,Russell P.The Role of Chemistry in Developing Understanding of Adverse Outcome Pathways and their Application in Risk Assessment[J].Toxicology Research,2013,2:299-307.
[20]Safford R,Aptula N,Gilmour N.Refinement of the Dermal Sensitisation Threshold(DST)approach using a larger dataset and incorporating mechanistic chemistry domains[J].Regul Toxicol Pharmacol.,2011,60:218-24.
[21]Bhattacharya S,Zhang Q,Carmichael P,etc.Toxicity testing in the 21 century:defining new risk assessment approaches based on perturbation of intracellular toxicity pathways[J].PLoS One,2011,6:e20887.
[22]Stephens M,Barrow C,Andersen M,etc.Accelerating the development of 21st-century toxicology:outcome of a Human Toxicology Project Consortium workshop[J].Toxicol Sci.,2012,125:327-34.
[23]Adeleye Y,Andersen M,Clewell R,etc(2014).Implementing Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century(TT21C):making safety decisions using toxicity pathways,and progress in a prototype risk assessment[J].Toxicology,2015,332:102-111.
[2]Fentem,J.Working together to respond to the challenges of EU policy to replace animal testing[J].Altern.Lab.Anim.,2006:34,11-18.
[3]Fentem J and Westmoreland C.Risk assessment and new technologies:Opportunities to assure safety without animal testing and better protect public health?http://alttox.org/ttrc/overarching-challenges/wav-f orward/fentem-westmoreland/(Last accessed at26/03/2013).
[4]Westmoreland C,Carmichael P,Dent M,etc.Assuring safety without animal testing:Unilever's ongoing research programme to deliver novel ways to assure consumer safety[J].ALTEX,2010,27:207-11.
[5]Reynolds F.Non-animal approaches and safety science[J].Biochemist,2004,36:19-25.
[6]Jowsey I,Basketter D,Westmoreland C,etc.A future approach to measuring relative skin sensitising potency:a proposal[J].Journal of Applied Toxicology,2006,26:341-350.
[7]Maxwell G,Aleksic M,Aptula A,etc.Assuring consumer safety without animal testing:A feasibility case study for skin sensitisation[J],Altern.Lab.Anim.,2008,36:557-68.
[8]Maxwell G,Aleksic M,Davies M,etc.Skin sensitization:Modelling the human adverse response[J].Altex WC8 Proceedings,2012:1/12:225-29.
[9]Maxwell G,MacKay C,Cuberley R,etc.Applying the skin sensitisation adverse outcome pathway(AOP)to quantitative risk assessment[J].Toxicology In Vitro,2014,28:8-12.
[10]OECD.The Adverse Outcome Pathway for skin sensitisation initiated by covalent binding to proteins.Part 2:Use of the AOP to develop chemical categories and integrated assessment and testing approaches.Series on Testing and Assessment.No.168[M].ENV/JM/MONO(2012)/PART2.
[11]Fentem J,Chamberlain M,Sangster B.The feasibility of replacing animal testing for assessing consumer safety:a suggested future direction[J].Altern.Lab.Anim.,2004,32:617-623.
[12]MacKay C,Davies M,Summerfield V,etc.From pathways to people:Applying the adverse outcome pathway(AOP)for skin sensitisation to risk assessment[J].ALTEX,2013,30:473-486.
[13]Westmoreland C,Carmichael P,Dent M,etc.Assuring safety without animal testing:Unilever's ongoing research programme to deliver novel ways to assure consumer safety[J].ALTEX,2010,27:61-65.
[14]Westmoreland C,Carmichael PL.Chemical safety without animals.Nat Biotechnology[J].Nature Biotechnology,2014,32:541-3.
[15]Ankley G,Bennett R,Erickson R,etc.Adverse outcome pathways:A conceptual framework to support ecotoxicological research and risk assessment[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2009,29:730-741.
[16]Dent M,Carmichael P,Jones K,etc.Towards a non-animal risk assessment for anti-androgenic effects in humans[J].Environmental International,2015,83:94-106.
[17]Neely T,Walsh-Mason B,Russel P,etc.A multi-criteria decision analysis model to assess the safety of botanicals utilizing data on history of use[J].Toxicol Int.,2011,18:S20-9.
[18]Carthew P,Clapp C,Gutsell S.Exposure based waiving:the application of the toxicological threshold of concern(TTC)to inhalation exposure for aerosol ingredients in consumer products[J].Food Chem.Toxicol.,2009,47:1287-1295.
[19]Gutsell S,Russell P.The Role of Chemistry in Developing Understanding of Adverse Outcome Pathways and their Application in Risk Assessment[J].Toxicology Research,2013,2:299-307.
[20]Safford R,Aptula N,Gilmour N.Refinement of the Dermal Sensitisation Threshold(DST)approach using a larger dataset and incorporating mechanistic chemistry domains[J].Regul Toxicol Pharmacol.,2011,60:218-24.
[21]Bhattacharya S,Zhang Q,Carmichael P,etc.Toxicity testing in the 21 century:defining new risk assessment approaches based on perturbation of intracellular toxicity pathways[J].PLoS One,2011,6:e20887.
[22]Stephens M,Barrow C,Andersen M,etc.Accelerating the development of 21st-century toxicology:outcome of a Human Toxicology Project Consortium workshop[J].Toxicol Sci.,2012,125:327-34.
[23]Adeleye Y,Andersen M,Clewell R,etc(2014).Implementing Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century(TT21C):making safety decisions using toxicity pathways,and progress in a prototype risk assessment[J].Toxicology,2015,332:102-111.