农村独生子女工作获取和工作收入困境分析——基于人力资本和社会资本禀赋
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- 英文论文题名：Digging into Rural Only Children's Job Hunting Difficulties——Based on Human Capital and Social Capital Possession
- 论文作者：杜本峰 ; 李碧清
- 英文论文作者：DU Bei-feng ; LI Bi-qing ; Center for Population and Development Studies ; Renmin University of China ; School of Social Sciences ; Department of Geography ; Environment and Population Studies ; University of Adelaide
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：中国人民大学人口与发展研究中心;澳大利亚阿德莱德大学社会科学学院;
- 论文关键词：工作获取 ; 工资收入 ; 人力资本 ; 社会资本 ; 家庭发展能力
- 英文论文关键词：job hunting ; salary ; human capital ; social capital ; family development ability
- 会议召开时间：2016-11-12
- 会议录名称：第十八届中国管理科学学术年会论文集
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th Chinese Annual Conference on Management Science
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：C912.3;D669.5;F126.2
- 学会代码：ZHYJ
- 会议名称：第十八届中国管理科学学术年会
- 会议地点：中国陕西西安
- 主办单位：中国优选法统筹法与经济数学研究会、西安交通大学、中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院、《中国管理科学》编辑部
- 学会名称：中国优选法统筹法与经济数学研究会
- 页数：8
- 文件大小：911k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
工作是每个现代人赖以生存的经济来源,在宏观条件既定前提下工作获取模式和所获工作报酬的不同主要来源于人力资本和社会资本的利用情况不同。本文将主要探讨我国农村独生子女与其他人群工作获取模式和工资水平的差异。研究发现人力资本水平高低是能否获得高收入工作的关键因素,社会资本水平是能否获得低收入工作重要原因。找工作过程中,农村相比城市更倾向动用关系资本;在可利用社会资本类型的选择上,独生子女相比非独生子女更倾向利用弱关系而非强关系;农村独生子女既在人力资本上处于弱势又在社会资本上处于弱势,而这种弱势的一个根本原因就是其家庭的发展能力缺陷。
For modern human,job is the basic source of money demanded to live a life.When the macro conditions are set,how you can get a job and how well you will be paid would quite depend on the possession of human and social capital and how you would use it.The Chinese adult job hunting population can be divided into four groups:rural only children,rural not-only-children,urban only children and urban not-onlychildren.The analysis shows that for high-paying job-hunting human capital level is quite crucial and for low-paying job-hunting social capital level is rather important.When comes to the use of capital in job hunting,rural population,compared to urban population,prefer social capital to human capital.There is two types of social capital:strong relationship and weak relationship.Only children,compared to not-only-children,choose strong relationship over weak relationship.The rural only children is not strong enough in the possession of both human capital and social capital,which is the primary reason of job hunting difficulties and is mostly caused by their born family's defects in family development ability.
For modern human,job is the basic source of money demanded to live a life.When the macro conditions are set,how you can get a job and how well you will be paid would quite depend on the possession of human and social capital and how you would use it.The Chinese adult job hunting population can be divided into four groups:rural only children,rural not-only-children,urban only children and urban not-onlychildren.The analysis shows that for high-paying job-hunting human capital level is quite crucial and for low-paying job-hunting social capital level is rather important.When comes to the use of capital in job hunting,rural population,compared to urban population,prefer social capital to human capital.There is two types of social capital:strong relationship and weak relationship.Only children,compared to not-only-children,choose strong relationship over weak relationship.The rural only children is not strong enough in the possession of both human capital and social capital,which is the primary reason of job hunting difficulties and is mostly caused by their born family's defects in family development ability.
引文
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[2]诸建芳,王伯庆,恩斯特·使君多福.中国人力资本投资的个人收益率研究[J].经济研究,1995,(12):55-63.
[3]杜本峰,王文龙.中国人力资源的利用与效率[J].中国管理科学,2012,20(专辑):708-715.
[4]都阳.教育对贫困地区农户非农劳动力供给的影响研究[J].中国人口科学,1999,75(6):26-33.
[5]张车伟.人力资本回报率变化与收入差距:“马太效应”及其政策含义[J].经济研究,2006,(12):120-135.
[6]科尔曼詹姆斯著;邓方译.社会资本理论的基础(1990版本)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,1999.
[7](美)林南著;张磊译.社会资本关于社会结构与行动的理论a theory of social structure and action[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2005.
[8]边燕杰.社会资本研究[J].学习与探索,2006,163(2):39-40.
[9]李培林.流动民工的社会网络和社会地位[J].社会学研究,1996,(4):42-52.
[10]张文宏.社会网络资源在职业配置中的作用[J].社会,2006,26(6):27-44.
[11]鹿立.妇女经济地位与妇女人力资本关系的实证研究[J].人口研究,1997,21(2):50-54.
[12]王美艳.中国城市劳动力市场上的性别工资差异[J].经济研究,2005,(12):35-44.
[13]魏众.健康对非农就业及其工资决定的影响[J].经济研究,2004,(2):64-74.
[14]权衡,徐■.收入分配差距的增长效应分析:转型期中国经验[J].管理世界,2002,(5):47-54.
[15]Lewis A W.Economic development with unlimited supplies of labour[J].The Manchester School,1954,22(2):139-191.
[16]Galor O.Zeira J.Income distribution and macroeconomics[J].The Review of Economic Studies,1993,60(1):35-52.
[17]Ray D.Development economics[M].Princeton University Press,1998
[18]边燕杰,张文宏,程诚.求职过程的社会网络模型:检验关系效应假设[J].社会.2012,32(3):24-37.
[19]明艳.中国14-30岁青年独生子女规模及特点[J].中国青年研究,2008,(8):5-6,40.
[20]宋健.中国农村独生子女的数量与分布[J].中国人口科学,2006,(4):88-94.
[21]吴帆,李建民.家庭发展能力建设的政策路径分析[J].人口研究,2012,36(4):37-44.