手指年龄对手数配置中反应效应相容性的影响
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- 英文论文题名：Response effect compatibility of finger-numeral configuration influenced by ages included in fingers
- 论文作者：傅旭娜 ; 李洋洋 ; 张俊婷 ; 宋晓蕾
- 英文论文作者：Fu Xuna ; Li Yangyang ; Zhang Junting ; Song Xiaolei ; School of Psychology ; Shaanxi Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：陕西师范大学心理学院;
- 论文关键词：观念运动理论 ; 反应效应相容性 ; 手指‐数字配置 ; 口头反应
- 英文论文关键词：ideomotor theory ; response-effect compatibility ; finger-numeral configuration ; verbal reaction
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：792k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
观念运动理论认为动作效果的心理表征可以自动激活产生这些效果的动作计划。反应效应相容性范式即是为了支持观念运动理论而提出的,指个体做出动作之后的效果对行为的促进或干扰效应。本研究通过3个实验考察口头反应条件下手指中包含的年龄因素对反应效应相容性的影响,其中每个实验又分为相容和不相容两种条件。首先向被试呈现简单的加法运算,由被试口头计算并报告得数,随后呈现一幅用手指表示数字的图片。相容条件为被试口头报告的数字,与随后呈现的图片所表示的数字相同;不相容条件下,反应(口头报告的数字)与随后的效应(手指图片)不同。实验所用材料除了手指的年龄差异外,其余均相同。实验1,成人手指图片,目的是验证基于手指‐数字配置的反应效应相容性的存在;实验2和实验3,分别采用幼儿和老年人手指图片,探讨手指所包含的年龄因素对不同数字大小的反应效应相容性的影响。结果显示:在实验1中,相容条件下的反应优于不相容条件,证实了基于手指数字配置的反应效应相容性的存在;实验2和实验3也表现出反应效应相容性;同时,3个实验均表现出数字的大小效应,即对小数反应更快;此外,相比较成人和老年人手指图片,幼儿手指图片条件下对小数反应更快;而相比较幼儿手指图片,老年人手指图片条件下大数反应更快,这与成人手指图片的差异并不显著。由此,本研究得出结论:在手指-数字配置中存在反应效应相容性,这种效应是自动无意识的,支持了观念运动理论并且将其扩展到数学领域,此外这种相容性还受到效应自身因素的影响。
Response-effect compatibility has been explained by ideomotor theory, which proposes that the mental representation of action effects can automatically trigger the action plans that give rise to those effects. Therefore, through a paradigm utilizing response-effect compatibility, anticipation of future stimuli elicits facilitation or interference effects. The present study aimed at testing whether the age factors included in fingers may influence this response-effect compatibility through three experiments, each experiment is divided into two conditions: compatible condition and incompatible condition. First, the simple summation was presented, calculated and reported the answer verbally, then presented one image that represented a number using fingers. The numbers that subject verbally reported are same with the numbers that images represented, this is the compatibility condition; under incompatible conditions, the response(numbers reported verbally) was not same with the subsequent effect(finger images). Experimental materials were same, in addition to the difference of ages included in fingers. Experiment 1, adult finger images, was to verify the presence of response-effect compatibility based on finger-numeral configuration; Experiment 2 and Experiment 3, with children and elder finger images, explored whether the age factors included in fingers may influenced on magnitude problems and response-effect compatibility. The results showed that: In Experiment 1, under the compatible conditions individuals performed better than incompatible conditions, confirmed the presence of response-effect compatibility based on finger-numeral configuration; Experiment 2 and Experiment 3 also showed response-effect compatibility; Meanwhile, all the three experiments showed that the magnitude effect, with participants responding faster to small than to large problems; in addition, compared to adult and the elder finger images, under the conditions of children finger images, response was faster to small problems; and compared children finger images, under the conditions of elder finger images, larger problems were responded quickly, and this difference with adult finger images is not significant. Thus, this study concluded that: the presence of response-effect compatibility in finger-numeral configuration, this effect is automatically unconscious, supported the ideomotor theory, which was extended to the domain of arithmetic. Moreover, this compatibility was affected the factor of effect itself.
Response-effect compatibility has been explained by ideomotor theory, which proposes that the mental representation of action effects can automatically trigger the action plans that give rise to those effects. Therefore, through a paradigm utilizing response-effect compatibility, anticipation of future stimuli elicits facilitation or interference effects. The present study aimed at testing whether the age factors included in fingers may influence this response-effect compatibility through three experiments, each experiment is divided into two conditions: compatible condition and incompatible condition. First, the simple summation was presented, calculated and reported the answer verbally, then presented one image that represented a number using fingers. The numbers that subject verbally reported are same with the numbers that images represented, this is the compatibility condition; under incompatible conditions, the response(numbers reported verbally) was not same with the subsequent effect(finger images). Experimental materials were same, in addition to the difference of ages included in fingers. Experiment 1, adult finger images, was to verify the presence of response-effect compatibility based on finger-numeral configuration; Experiment 2 and Experiment 3, with children and elder finger images, explored whether the age factors included in fingers may influenced on magnitude problems and response-effect compatibility. The results showed that: In Experiment 1, under the compatible conditions individuals performed better than incompatible conditions, confirmed the presence of response-effect compatibility based on finger-numeral configuration; Experiment 2 and Experiment 3 also showed response-effect compatibility; Meanwhile, all the three experiments showed that the magnitude effect, with participants responding faster to small than to large problems; in addition, compared to adult and the elder finger images, under the conditions of children finger images, response was faster to small problems; and compared children finger images, under the conditions of elder finger images, larger problems were responded quickly, and this difference with adult finger images is not significant. Thus, this study concluded that: the presence of response-effect compatibility in finger-numeral configuration, this effect is automatically unconscious, supported the ideomotor theory, which was extended to the domain of arithmetic. Moreover, this compatibility was affected the factor of effect itself.
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