北运河水体氨氧化细菌与硝化过程特征
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摘要
采用荧光定量PCR分子生物学技术,以16srRNA和功能基因作为目标基因对北运河水体氨氧化细菌(AOB)进行PCR扩增分析;应用烯丙基硫脲(ATU)作为硝化抑制剂,模拟研究水体碳化过程和硝化过程耗氧量的变化;分析了水体中AOB的丰度与水质及硝化活性的响应关系。结果表明,北运河水体中氨氧化细菌数量为6.9×10~7~1.7×10~9 copies/L,数量较为可观,高于中国的东江、岷江和法国的赛纳河。北运河水体具有较高的氨氮浓度和潜在硝化活性,硝化耗氧量在水体耗氧量的比重较大。北运河水体的硝化活性与温度、TDN、DOC和硝态氮呈现显著相关性。回归分析可知溶解性总有机碳浓度对硝化活性具有抑制作用。北运河水体目前的硝化活性能使氨氮维持稳定的浓度水平,但是自然硝化能力满足不了高浓度氨氮的降解需要。氨氧化细菌和异养微生物能共同利用碳源和氮源,实现对氨氮的降解,但是,硝化活性和氨氧化微生物之间没有明显的相关性。
引文
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[2]Gelda RK,Brooks CM,Effler SW,Auer MT.Interannual variations in nitrification in a hypereutrophic urban lake:occurences and implications[J].Wat.Res.2000,34(4):1107.
[3]Yoshioka T,Takahashi M,Saijo Y.Active nitrification in the hypolimnion of Lake Kizaki in early summer.1.Nitryfying activity of rapidly sinking particles[J].Arch.Hydrobiol.1985,104(4):557.
[4]Brion N B G.Wastewater as a source of nitrifying bacteria in river systems:The case of the River Seine downstream from Paris[J].Wat.Res.2000,34(12):3213.
[5]王建龙,吴立波,齐星,等.用氧吸收速率(OUR)表征活性污泥硝化活性的研究[J].环境科学学报.1999(03):3-7.
[6]吕艳华,白洁,姜艳,等.黄河三角洲湿地硝化作用强度及影响因素研究[J].海洋湖沼通报.2008(02):61-66.
[7]Benthum Van WAJ,Loosdrecht Van M D M,Heijnen J.Control of heterotrophic layer formation on nitrifying biofilms in a biofilm airlift suspension reactor[J].Biothchnology and Bioengineering.1997,4(53):397-405.
[8]Hermansson A,Lindgren PE.Quantification of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria in Arable Soil by Real-Time PCR[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology.2001,67(2):972-976.
[9]Harris KR,Cheng TC.Application of Real-Time PCR To Study Effects of Ammonium on Population Size of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria in Soil[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology.2004,70(2):1008-1016.
[10]Jordan FL,Cantera JJ,Fenn ME.Autotrophic Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria Contribute Minimally to Nitrification in a Nitrogen-Impacted Forested Ecosystem[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology.2005,71(1):197-206.
[11]于洋,王晓燕,张鹏飞.北运河水体浮游细菌群落的空间分布特征及其与水质的关系[J].生态毒理学报.2012(03):337-344.
[12]陈永娟,耿润哲,王晓燕,等.北运河水系主要污染物通量特征研究[J].环境科学学报.2014:1056.
[13]李磊,夏培艳,唐峰华,等.舟山附近海域富营养化的时空分布及其与环境因子的关系[J].生态学杂志.2011(04):771-777.
[14]Monique JM.Bie de,Starink M,Henricus T.S.Boschker A.Nitrication in the Schelde estuary:methodological aspects and factors infuencing its activity[J].FEMS Microb.Ecol.2002,99(42).
[15]Dai M,Wang L,Guo X,Zhai W,Li Q,He B,Kao SJ.Nitrification and inorganic nitrogen distribution in a large perturbed river/estuarine system:the Pearl River Estuary,China[J].Biogeosciences Discuss.2008(5):1545-1585.
[16]Brion N,Billen G,Guezennec L C,et al.Distribution of Nitrifying Activity in the Seine River(France)from Paris to the Estuary[J].Estuaries.2000,23(5):669-682.
[17]Schmid M,Twachtmann U,Klein M.Molecular Evidence for Genus Level Diversity of Bacteria Capable of Catalyzing Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation[J].SysL Appl.Microbiol.2000,23:93-106.
[18]Norton J M,Alzerreca J J,Suwa Y,et al.Diversity of ammonia monooxygenase operon in autotrophic ammoniaoxidizing bacteria[J].Archives of Microbiology.2002,177(2):139-149.
[19]Teira E,Martinez-Garcia S,Lonborg C.Betaproteobacteria growth and nitrification rates during long-term natural dissolved organic matter decomposition experiments[J].Aquatic Microbial Ecology.2011,63(1):19-27.
[20]Coci M,Nicol GW,Pilloni GN.Quantitative Assessment of Ammonia-oxidizing bacterial communities in the Epiphyton of submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology.2010,76(6):1813-1821.
[21]Chesterikoff A,Garban B,Billen G.Inorganic nitrogen dynamics in the River Seine downstream from Paris(France[J].Biogeochemistry.1992,17:147-164.
[22]Polak J.Nitrification in the Surface Water of the W(正)oc(正)awek Dam Reservoir.The Process Contribution to Biochemical Oxygen Demand(N-BOD)[J].Polish Journal of Environmental Studies.2004,13(4):415-424.
[23]杜英豪,陈碧芸.BOD5测定中硝化作用的干扰和消除[J].中国给水排水.2002,18(1):88-89.