全氟丁基磺酸钾对小麦、水稻的毒理学研究
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摘要
试验选取全氟化合物(PFOS)的典型替代品之一:全氟丁基磺酸钾(PFBSK)作为受试物,对我国两种主要粮食作物小麦和水稻进行毒理学研究。试验采用OECD标准方法测试该物质对两种植物出苗及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,PFBSK对小麦幼苗鲜重的抑制率在100mg/kg浓度组达到了44%(与空白组相比),在1.0mg/kg浓度时达到了17%;对出苗的抑制率在100mg/kg浓度组达到了80%(与空白组相比),在10mg/kg浓度时达到了10%,1.0mg/kg浓度时影响较小,抑制率为0%。与此同时,PFBSK对水稻幼苗鲜重的抑制率在100mg/kg浓度时为30%,1.0mg/kg浓度时抑制率为15%;对出苗的抑制率最高也仅达到22%,1mg//kg浓度组出苗抑制率为0%。水稻出苗终点和鲜重终点的LC_(50)和EC_(50)值分别为21376mg/kg和8624mg/kg,而小麦出苗终点和鲜重终点的LC_(50)和EC_(50)值分别为35mg/kg和262mg/kg。一般情况下,受试物对两种植物出苗和幼苗生长的抑制随浓度的升高而增加,但模拟试验放大了受试物对植物的浓度效应影响,在真实环境中所选受试物的毒性效应及其有限。由此判断,PFBSK在真实环境中的生态毒性效应有限,可作为环境替代物使用。
引文
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[13]李志博,骆永明,宋静,等.土壤环境质量指导值与标准研究Ⅱ:污染土壤的健康风险评估[J].土壤学报,2006,43(1):142-151.Li Z B.,Luo Y M.,Song J.,etc.,Study on Soil Environmental Quality Guideline and Standards U:Health Risk Assessment of Polluted Soils[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica.2006,43(1):142-151.(In Chinese with English abstract)
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[3]Ding G H.,Tobias Fr(o|¨)mel.,van den Brandh of Evert-Jan.,etc.Acute toxicity of poly-and perfluorinated compounds to two cladocerans,Daphnia magna and Chydorus sphaericus[J],Environ.Toxicol.&Chem.,(2012),31(3):605-610.
[4]org RSrabke,Thomas Knacker.Standardisation of terrestrial ecotoxicological effect methods:An example of successful international co-operation[J].Soils&Sediments,(2003),3(4):237-238.
[5]Hazard assessment of perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)and its salt[M],OECD,2002.
[6]Globally harmonized system of calssification and labelling of chemicals(GHS),Part 4 Environmental hazards[M],New York and Geneva,UN.2007.
[7]3M submission dated 5/2/99.The science of organic fluoro-chemistry[M].US EPA OPPT AR226-0547,2005.
[8]Jonathan W.Martin.,Scott A.Mabury.,Keith R.Solomon.,etc.,.Bioconcentration and tissue distribution of perfluorinated acids in Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)[J],Environ.Toxicol,and Chem.,2003,22(1):196-204.
[9]郭睿,蔡亚岐,江桂斌,等.全氟辛烷磺酸基化合物(PFOS)的污染现状与研究趋势[J].化学进展,2006,6(6):808-811.Guo R.,Cai Y Q.,Jiang G B.,etc.,Current Research of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate[J]Progress in Chemistry,2006,18(06):808-813.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[10]金一和,刘晓,秦红梅,等.我国部分地区自来水和不同水体中的PFOS污染[J].中国环境科学,2006,24(2):166-169.Jin Y H.,Liu X.,Qin H M.,etc.,The status quo of perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)pollution in tap water and different waters in partial areas of China.China Environmental Science[J].2006,24(2):166-169.(In Chinese with English abstract).
[11]Guide for Developing Conceptual Models for Ecological Risk Assessments.Laboratory[M],0.R.N.,Editor.SuterⅡGW.,1996.
[12]Van Der Hoeven N.,Current issues in statistics and models for ecotoxicological risk assessment[J].Acta Biotheoretica.,2004,52:201-217.
[13]李志博,骆永明,宋静,等.土壤环境质量指导值与标准研究Ⅱ:污染土壤的健康风险评估[J].土壤学报,2006,43(1):142-151.Li Z B.,Luo Y M.,Song J.,etc.,Study on Soil Environmental Quality Guideline and Standards U:Health Risk Assessment of Polluted Soils[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica.2006,43(1):142-151.(In Chinese with English abstract)
[14]章海波,骆永明,李志博,等.土壤环境质量指导值与标准研究Ⅲ:污染土壤的生态风险评估[J].土壤学报,2007,44(2):35-48.Zhang H B.,Luo Y M.,Li Z B.,etc.,Study on Soil Environmental Quality Guidelines and Standards III:Ecological Risk Assessment of Polluted Soils[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica.2007,44(2):35-48.In Chinese with English abstract)