成功、失败限制性饮食者对食物加工的能量效应
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- 英文论文题名：The Energy Effect of Food Information Processing Among Successful and Unsuccessful Restrained Eaters
- 论文作者：张雪萌 ; 陈红
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：西南大学心理学院;西南大学认知与人格教育部重点实验室;
- 论文关键词：成功限制性饮食者 ; 失败限制性饮食者 ; 食物 ; 注意偏向 ; 眼动追踪
- 英文论文关键词：successful restrained eaters ; unsuccessful restrained eaters ; food energy ; attentional bias ; eye-movements
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：3
- 文件大小：840k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
本研究通过眼动追踪考察三组被试(成功限制性饮食者、失败限制性饮食者、非限制饮食者)对食物信息的首视点定向偏向、潜伏期偏向、注视时间以及总体注视时间的四个眼动指标,来探究注意偏向的具体成分。实验一在高低热量食物和非食物配对时,成功者对高热量存在注意警觉(加速探测)-回避(早期和总体的回避)模式;失败者有对高热量存在注意回避(早期定向回避)-维持(早期维持)模式,即在早期注意更少的定向于高热量,但一旦注意到就出现维持偏向。实验二在高低热量配对出现时,成功者对高热量注意警觉(早期定向)-维持(早期维持);失败者对高热量注意警觉(早期定向)-维持(早期、总体的维持)。总体上,我们发现了不同亚类限制性饮食者对食物线索加工的能量效应,即失败者比成功者对高热量食物注意更多的眼动证据。
Base on the incentive sensitization model, reward-related cues in the environment, acquire motivational properties, or incentive salience, through classical conditioning(i.e., repeated association between the cue and intake of the rewarding substance). Consequently, these cues come to be perceived as attractive and "wanted." As a result, reward-related cues automatically capture(i.e., bias) attention, stimulate craving, and guide behavior toward substance acquisition and consumption. For the success or failure of restrained eating is caused by the attention bias toward food. The goal of the present study was to investigate components of the attentional bias toward food among successful restrained eaters, unsuccessful restrained eaters, and non-restrained eaters. We hypothesized that when high or low calorie food pictures match with non-food, successful and unsuccessful restrained eaters would show vigilance-avoid pattern to follow the diet goal. but when high and low calorie food pictures match, due to increased food temptation, successful and unsuccessful restrained eaters would show vigilance- maintenance pattern. The research use eye movement(EM) tracking assessed biases in specific component processes of visual attention(i.e., orientation, detection, and maintenance of gaze) in relation to high and low calorie food pictures. Through The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, we were studied 30 woman with successful restrained eaters, 30 woman with unsuccessful restrained eaters and 30 woman with non-restrained eaters. What's more the eye movements were recorded while participants completed a task that freedom to browse pictures pairs for 2000 ms. In Experiment 1 that the high or low calorie food with non-food matching, while in the Experiment 2 that the high and low calorie food matching. In Experiment 1 successful restrained eaters show vigilance-avoid pattern that is speed detection, early and total avoid bias toward high calorie food. Unsuccessful restrained eaters show avoid-maintenance pattern that who were less likely to direct their initial gaze toward high calorie food, but once noticed appears to maintenance bias. Non-restrained eaters only show early avoid bias toward low calorie food. Specifically, compared to unsuccessful restrained eaters, successful restrained eaters had a shorter first fixation duration on high calorie food pictures. In the Experiment 2 successful restrained eaters show vigilance- maintenance pattern that who have early orienting and maintenance bias toward high calorie food. Unsuccessful restrained eaters show vigilance-maintenance pattern that is early orienting and maintenance even total maintenance bias toward high calorie food. Non-restrained eaters also show vigilancemaintenance pattern that who have early orienting and speed detection even total maintenance bias toward high calorie food. Specifically, compared to unsuccessful restrained eaters, successful restrained eaters had a shorter total gaze duration on high calorie food pictures. In sum, we found the energy effect of food information processing among successful and unsuccessful restrained eaters. The results showed successful restrained eaters and unsuccessful restrained eaters had different attentional bias pattern toward high calorie food pictures. Eye movement evidence indicated that all participant showed more attention to high calorie food rather than low calorie food, it means restrained eater prefer high calorie food. Besides compare with successful restrained eaters, unsuccessful restrained eaters showed more attention to high calorie food, but less attention to low calorie food. In the future study, we should intervene participant's attentional bias toward high calorie food to promote the success of the restrained eating.
Base on the incentive sensitization model, reward-related cues in the environment, acquire motivational properties, or incentive salience, through classical conditioning(i.e., repeated association between the cue and intake of the rewarding substance). Consequently, these cues come to be perceived as attractive and "wanted." As a result, reward-related cues automatically capture(i.e., bias) attention, stimulate craving, and guide behavior toward substance acquisition and consumption. For the success or failure of restrained eating is caused by the attention bias toward food. The goal of the present study was to investigate components of the attentional bias toward food among successful restrained eaters, unsuccessful restrained eaters, and non-restrained eaters. We hypothesized that when high or low calorie food pictures match with non-food, successful and unsuccessful restrained eaters would show vigilance-avoid pattern to follow the diet goal. but when high and low calorie food pictures match, due to increased food temptation, successful and unsuccessful restrained eaters would show vigilance- maintenance pattern. The research use eye movement(EM) tracking assessed biases in specific component processes of visual attention(i.e., orientation, detection, and maintenance of gaze) in relation to high and low calorie food pictures. Through The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, we were studied 30 woman with successful restrained eaters, 30 woman with unsuccessful restrained eaters and 30 woman with non-restrained eaters. What's more the eye movements were recorded while participants completed a task that freedom to browse pictures pairs for 2000 ms. In Experiment 1 that the high or low calorie food with non-food matching, while in the Experiment 2 that the high and low calorie food matching. In Experiment 1 successful restrained eaters show vigilance-avoid pattern that is speed detection, early and total avoid bias toward high calorie food. Unsuccessful restrained eaters show avoid-maintenance pattern that who were less likely to direct their initial gaze toward high calorie food, but once noticed appears to maintenance bias. Non-restrained eaters only show early avoid bias toward low calorie food. Specifically, compared to unsuccessful restrained eaters, successful restrained eaters had a shorter first fixation duration on high calorie food pictures. In the Experiment 2 successful restrained eaters show vigilance- maintenance pattern that who have early orienting and maintenance bias toward high calorie food. Unsuccessful restrained eaters show vigilance-maintenance pattern that is early orienting and maintenance even total maintenance bias toward high calorie food. Non-restrained eaters also show vigilancemaintenance pattern that who have early orienting and speed detection even total maintenance bias toward high calorie food. Specifically, compared to unsuccessful restrained eaters, successful restrained eaters had a shorter total gaze duration on high calorie food pictures. In sum, we found the energy effect of food information processing among successful and unsuccessful restrained eaters. The results showed successful restrained eaters and unsuccessful restrained eaters had different attentional bias pattern toward high calorie food pictures. Eye movement evidence indicated that all participant showed more attention to high calorie food rather than low calorie food, it means restrained eater prefer high calorie food. Besides compare with successful restrained eaters, unsuccessful restrained eaters showed more attention to high calorie food, but less attention to low calorie food. In the future study, we should intervene participant's attentional bias toward high calorie food to promote the success of the restrained eating.
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