旋转对汉语透明词及不透明词加工的影响——来自眼动研究的证据
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- 英文论文题名：Effect of Rotation on the Transparent and Opaque Chinese Words Processing——Evidence from the Eye Movement
- 论文作者：谢芳 ; 常敏 ; 李琳 ; 李莎 ; 王敬欣
- 英文论文作者：XIE Fang ; CHANG Min ; LI Lin ; LI Sha ; WANG Jingxin ; Academy of Psychology and Behavior ; Tianjin Normal University ; Center of Collaborative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of Mental Health
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：天津师范大学心理与行为研究院;国民心理健康评估与促进协同创新中心;
- 论文关键词：透明词 ; 不透明词 ; 旋转 ; 双字词 ; 心理词典
- 英文论文关键词：transparent words ; opaque words ; rotation ; two-word ; mental lexicon
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：752k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
本研究采用眼动追踪技术,分别选取两组被试,操纵汉语透明词、不透明词的旋转角度和方式,探讨旋转对于汉语透明词、不透明词加工的影响,并进一步考察汉语阅读加工的基本单元。结果显示:不管是透明词还是不透明词,高频词的加工难度均低于低频词,表现出了稳定的词频效应;随着旋转角度的增大,对于不透明双字词,加工难度增大,而且低频词的增幅更大;在各种旋转方式条件下,目标词的加工难度均增大,其中不一致旋转条件难于一致旋转条件,对于透明词,加工难度也增大,但是高、低频词的增幅没有差异。结果表明,(1)汉语旋转文本识别的过程中存在心理旋转,即将旋转汉字在心理上旋转至其垂直正位,然后识别,该过程使字、词识别受到不同程度的干扰,从而增加识别难度。汉语读者能够加工并识别旋转后的字、词,表明他们对汉语文字的视觉编码具有一定的灵活性。(2)旋转使汉字的视觉特征显著下降,并导致目标字、词的加工难度增加,尤其对于低频字、词来说更为明显。不一致旋转引起目标词的词汇判断时间和眼动指标的增幅大于一致旋转的,这表明旋转使汉语的词加工受到了干扰,其中不一致旋转方式造成的干扰更大,(3)透明词和不透明词在心理词典中的存储方式可能是不同的,两类双字词的加工存在一定的区别。(4)对于透明词来说,来自词素单元的激活是正性的,可以促进整词加工,而对于不透明词来说,来自词素单元的激活则是负性的,会对整词加工产生抑制。(5)由于不透明词的加工难度较大,读者难以直接进行整词加工,可能会存在整词-单字的混合加工模式,符合多层聚类表征模型、IIC模型以及交互激活模型。
The present study adopted the Eye movement technology. We selected two groups of subjects and manipulated the angle and the methods of rotation of Chinese transparent and opaque words to explore the effect of rotation on transparent and opaque words. And further study the basic unit of Chinese reading and processing. The results showed that no matter the words were transparent or opaque, on early and later processing index, high frequency words was less difficult than low frequency, showing the stable frequency effect. With the increasing of the rotation angle, several eye movement index increased for the opaque words. Under the conditions of various rotation, the difficulty of processing for the target words increased, which showed that there was an increase of eye movement index. Comparing with the consistent rotation condition, inconsistent rotation was more difficult. For transparent words, eye movement index also increased, but there is no difference between high and low frequency words in the growth rate. The results suggested that:(1) Mental rotation processing was involved during word recognition, that is to say, readers anti-rotated the rotated characters to upright and then recognized. This anti-rotation processing interrupted character and word recognition, thus increased the difficulties. Chinese readers could process and recognize rotated Chinese characters and words, which reflected the flexibility of visual processing of Chinese readers.(2) The difficulty of Chinese character and word processing increased along with the visual distortion by increasing rotation magnitude, especially for low frequency characters and words. For the target words, under the condition of inconsistent rotation, the duration of lexical judgement and the growth of eye movement index were larger than those of consistent rotation, which showed that rotation disturbed the Chinese words processing. What's more, the inconsistent rotation caused more disruption.(3) The storage mode of transparent and opaque words in the lexicon may be different, processing of two kinds of words were different.(4) For the transparent words, the activation from morpheme was positive, which improved the processing of whole words. However, the activation from morpheme was negative for the opaque words and prohibited the whole words processing.(5) Due to the more difficulty of opaque words processing, it was hard for readers to process the whole words directly. These suggested that there may exist the mixture of whole words and single character processing, according with mufti-level cluster representation model, inter(intra) connection model(IIC model) and interactive activation model.
The present study adopted the Eye movement technology. We selected two groups of subjects and manipulated the angle and the methods of rotation of Chinese transparent and opaque words to explore the effect of rotation on transparent and opaque words. And further study the basic unit of Chinese reading and processing. The results showed that no matter the words were transparent or opaque, on early and later processing index, high frequency words was less difficult than low frequency, showing the stable frequency effect. With the increasing of the rotation angle, several eye movement index increased for the opaque words. Under the conditions of various rotation, the difficulty of processing for the target words increased, which showed that there was an increase of eye movement index. Comparing with the consistent rotation condition, inconsistent rotation was more difficult. For transparent words, eye movement index also increased, but there is no difference between high and low frequency words in the growth rate. The results suggested that:(1) Mental rotation processing was involved during word recognition, that is to say, readers anti-rotated the rotated characters to upright and then recognized. This anti-rotation processing interrupted character and word recognition, thus increased the difficulties. Chinese readers could process and recognize rotated Chinese characters and words, which reflected the flexibility of visual processing of Chinese readers.(2) The difficulty of Chinese character and word processing increased along with the visual distortion by increasing rotation magnitude, especially for low frequency characters and words. For the target words, under the condition of inconsistent rotation, the duration of lexical judgement and the growth of eye movement index were larger than those of consistent rotation, which showed that rotation disturbed the Chinese words processing. What's more, the inconsistent rotation caused more disruption.(3) The storage mode of transparent and opaque words in the lexicon may be different, processing of two kinds of words were different.(4) For the transparent words, the activation from morpheme was positive, which improved the processing of whole words. However, the activation from morpheme was negative for the opaque words and prohibited the whole words processing.(5) Due to the more difficulty of opaque words processing, it was hard for readers to process the whole words directly. These suggested that there may exist the mixture of whole words and single character processing, according with mufti-level cluster representation model, inter(intra) connection model(IIC model) and interactive activation model.
引文