纳米铁钯去除地下水中硝酸盐的研究
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摘要
由于现代工农业进程的加快,地下水硝酸盐污染在世界各地日益严重。过量硝酸盐会使人患高铁血红蛋白症和癌症,危害人类健康。纳米铁钯去除硝酸盐已成为一个有前途的处理技术,但是其去除机理和影响机制仍不清楚。本文采用同步合成法和分步合成法分别化学还原合成纳米铁钯复合材料,并用于去除硝酸盐,结果显示,采用同步合成法合成的纳米铁钯对硝酸盐的去除效果最好,40min内对80mg/L的硝酸盐的去除率达到97%。该反应符合准二级动力学反应,反应机理为吸附和氧化还原反应共存,体系中最终可能产生了30%的氮气。另外,研究了钯负载量、硝酸盐初始浓度等因素对硝酸盐去除效果的影响,实验结果显示,钯的负载量为0.5%时,纳米铁钯复合材料对硝酸盐的去除表现出最高反应活性,40min内可去除98%的硝酸盐;硝酸盐的初始浓度过高,会降低硝酸盐的去除速率。
引文
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[4]Soares,O.S.C.P.,et al.(2009)."Bimetallic catalysts supported on activated carbon for the nitrate reduction in water:Optimization of catalysts composition."Applied Catalysis B;Environmental 91(1-2):441-448.
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[8]陈超(2007).纳米钯/铁双金属体系对氯乙酸还原脱氯研究,哈尔滨工业大学.硕士:79.
[9]林巧与周景龙等(2011).“地下水农业面源污染研究现状与展望.”地下水33(2):73-76.
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[2]Ryu,A.,et al.(2011)."Reduction of highly concentrated nitrate using nanoscale zero-valent iron:Effects of aggregation and catalyst on reactivity."Applied Catalysis B;Environmental 105(1-2):128-135.
[3]Shi,J.,et al.(2016)."Selective reduction of nitrate into nitrogen using Fe-Pd bimetallic nanoparticle supported on chelating resin at near-neutral pH."Chemical Engineering Journal 286:408-415.
[4]Soares,O.S.C.P.,et al.(2009)."Bimetallic catalysts supported on activated carbon for the nitrate reduction in water:Optimization of catalysts composition."Applied Catalysis B;Environmental 91(1-2):441-448.
[5]Song,H.,et al.(2013)."The effect of granular ferric hydroxide amendment on the reduction of nitrate in groundwater by zero-valent iron."Chemosphere 93(11):2767-2773.
[6]Zhang,Z.,et al.(2010)."Catalytic dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol by Pd/Fe bimetallic nanoparticles in the presence of humic acid."J Hazard Mater 182(1-3):252-258.
[7]Zhou,T.,et al.(2010)."Catalytic hydrodechlorination of chlorophenols by Pd/Fe nanoparticles:Comparisons with other bimetallic systems,kinetics and mechanism."Separation and Purification Technology 76(2):206-214.
[8]陈超(2007).纳米钯/铁双金属体系对氯乙酸还原脱氯研究,哈尔滨工业大学.硕士:79.
[9]林巧与周景龙等(2011).“地下水农业面源污染研究现状与展望.”地下水33(2):73-76.
[10]武甲与田秀君等(2010).“应用纳米零价铁处理模拟含cr(V1)无氧地下水.”环境科学(03):645-652.