北京市土地利用变化对耕地生产力的影响研究
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摘要
随着20世纪中后期北京地区城市化进程的飞速发展,使得耕地面积减少,粮食供需不平衡,人们把注意力转移到单位面积耕地生产力上。基于此,利用1992年、2000年和2010年的遥感影像对北京地区进行土地利用类型分类,并利用光能利用率模型估算1992-2010年的植被净初级生产力(net primary productivity,NPP),分析土地利用类型的变化对耕地生产力的影响。研究结果表明,北京地区1992-2010年土地利用类型转变的主要趋势是耕地变为城市与林地,1992-2010年NPP的总量从5352.38t Cm~(-2)yr~(-1)下降到3875.47 tCm~(-2)yr~(-1),1992-2000年耕地无变化的区域NPP总体减少了204.38 tCm~(-2)yr~(-1),2000-2010年耕地无变化的区域NPP总体减少了65.18 tCm~(-2)yr~(-1),1992-2000年由于耕地面积的变更使得NPP减少的总量是261.57tCm~(-2)yr~(-1),2000-2010年由于耕地面积的变更使得NPP减少的总量是233.86tCm~(-2)yr~(-1),耕地面积变化引起的NPP的变化幅度要远大于耕地面积不变区域NPP的变化幅度,因此在思考如何增加单位面积的耕地生产力的同时要维持耕地面积在一定范围内。
引文
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[9]Jiang H,Apps MJ,Zhang Y,et al.1999.Modeling the spatial pattern of net primary productivity in Chinese forests[J].Ecol.Mod.,122:275-288.
[10]Potter C S,Randerson J T,Field C B et al.Terrestrial ecosystem production:A process model based on global satellite and surface data.Global Biogeochemical Cycle,1993,7:811-841.
[11]Prince S D,Goward S N.Global primary production:A remote sensing approach.Journal of Biogeography,1995,22:815-835.
[12]Lobell D B,Hicke J A et al.Satellite estimates of productivity and light use efficiency in the United States agriculture,1982-1998.Global Change Biology,2002,8:722-735.
[2]闫慧敏,刘纪远,黄河清,董金玮,徐新良,王军邦.城市化和退耕还林草对中国耕地生产力的影响.地理学报[J].地理学报,2012,67(5):579—588.
[3]Liu J,Chen JM,Chen W.Net Primary Productivity Distribution in the BOREAS Region from a Process Model Using Satellite and Surface Data[J]Journal of Geophysical Research,1999,104(D22):27735-27754.
[4]Field CB,Behrenfeld MJ,Randerson JT,et al.Primary production of the biosphere:Integrating terrestrial and oceanic components[J].Science,1998,281(7):237-240.
[5]宋国宝,潘耀忠,张树深,朱文泉.北京市植被净生产力遥感测量与分析[J].资源科学,2009,31(9):1568-1572.
[6]Kimmins J.Foresteology.New York:Maemillan Publishing ComPany?930?Carbon and Climate Working Group.A.U.S.Carboncycle science plan[EB/OL],P1986.
[7]Fang JY.Global ecology-climate change and ecological responses.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2000.
[8]朱文泉,陈云浩,徐丹,李京.陆地植被净初级生产力计算模型研究进展.生态学杂志[J],2005,24(3):296-300.
[9]Jiang H,Apps MJ,Zhang Y,et al.1999.Modeling the spatial pattern of net primary productivity in Chinese forests[J].Ecol.Mod.,122:275-288.
[10]Potter C S,Randerson J T,Field C B et al.Terrestrial ecosystem production:A process model based on global satellite and surface data.Global Biogeochemical Cycle,1993,7:811-841.
[11]Prince S D,Goward S N.Global primary production:A remote sensing approach.Journal of Biogeography,1995,22:815-835.
[12]Lobell D B,Hicke J A et al.Satellite estimates of productivity and light use efficiency in the United States agriculture,1982-1998.Global Change Biology,2002,8:722-735.