群际威胁对自我意识情绪的影响研究
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- 英文论文题名：Negative Self-Conscious Emotions under Inter-group Threat
- 论文作者：赵玉芳 ; 李龙威
- 英文论文作者：Zhao Yufang ; Li Lonwei ; Faculty of Psychology ; Southwest University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：西南大学心理学部;
- 论文关键词：群际威胁 ; 自我意识情绪 ; 最简群体范式
- 英文论文关键词：intergroup threat ; self-conscious emotion ; minimal group paradigm
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：C912.6
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：752k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
自我意识情绪是植根于社会环境的一种特定情绪类别(Lazarus,1991;Tracy&Robins,2004);消极自我意识情绪一般存在于两种社会情境中,一是社会规则被破坏的情境,二是与个体的社会地位有关的情境(Tracy&Robins,2004,2006a)。群际威胁是指一个群体内成员感受到另外一个群体对他们所造成的伤害,包括身体和价值观等(W.G.Stephan,Ybarra,&Morrison,2009)。低地位群体更容易感受到群际威胁。群际威胁会引发害怕、担忧、愤怒等基本情绪(Cottrell&Neuberg,2005;Davis&Stephan,2011)。作为情绪的一类,群际威胁是否会引发自我意识情绪,还需要实证研究的支持。当前的研究关注在群际威胁情境中群体所感受的自我意识情绪(包括内疚,丢面子等)。实验1测量了现实社会情境中的群际威胁,结果发现现实威胁和象征威胁组和控制组相比,都有显著更高的自我意识情绪。实验2使用最简群体范式,并操作群际威胁,结果与实验1一致,威胁组被试的自我意识情绪显著高于控制组。但是,羞愧与内疚的在不同威胁类型中结果不同,内疚水平在自然群体中显著高于最简群体,而羞愧则在实验1和实验2中一致。群际威胁引发消极自我意识情绪的作用机制以及自我意识情绪的差异,需要进一步的研究和讨论。
Self-conscious emotions are a distinct category of emotional responses that arerooted in social contexts(Lazarus, 1991; Tracy & Robins, 2004). Negative self-conscious emotions commonly are elicited in two social contexts: one involves violating socially accepted rules and the other involves concerns about one's social status.(Tracy & Robins, 2004, 2006a).Present study focused on negative self-conscious emotions(guilt, shame, and loss of face) experienced by in-group members who were under intergroup threat. In Study 1, intergroup threat was tested in natural group settings. The results showed that participants(N = 90) in the realistic and symbolic threat conditions experienced a significantly higher intensity of self-conscious emotions than did participants in the control condition. In Study 2, we used the minimal group paradigm to create an intergroup threat condition; the results(N = 98) showed the same pattern as that observed in Study 1. However, reported feelings of shame and guilt differed in different threat conditions; guilt was stronger in the natural-group tests than in the laboratory-group tests, whereas the reported level of shame was consistent across the two studies. The paper discusses the diverse responses of group-based negative self-conscious emotions and the implications of the present results.
Self-conscious emotions are a distinct category of emotional responses that arerooted in social contexts(Lazarus, 1991; Tracy & Robins, 2004). Negative self-conscious emotions commonly are elicited in two social contexts: one involves violating socially accepted rules and the other involves concerns about one's social status.(Tracy & Robins, 2004, 2006a).Present study focused on negative self-conscious emotions(guilt, shame, and loss of face) experienced by in-group members who were under intergroup threat. In Study 1, intergroup threat was tested in natural group settings. The results showed that participants(N = 90) in the realistic and symbolic threat conditions experienced a significantly higher intensity of self-conscious emotions than did participants in the control condition. In Study 2, we used the minimal group paradigm to create an intergroup threat condition; the results(N = 98) showed the same pattern as that observed in Study 1. However, reported feelings of shame and guilt differed in different threat conditions; guilt was stronger in the natural-group tests than in the laboratory-group tests, whereas the reported level of shame was consistent across the two studies. The paper discusses the diverse responses of group-based negative self-conscious emotions and the implications of the present results.
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