残疾人歧视知觉对社会疏离的影响及认知特点
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- 英文论文题名：Influence of the Disabled's Perceived Discrimination on Social Alienation and Its Cognitive Characteristics
- 论文作者：甘少杏 ; 兰继军
- 英文论文作者：Gan Shaoxing ; Lan Jijun ; School of Psychology ; Shaanxi Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：陕西师范大学心理学院;
- 论文关键词：残疾人 ; 歧视知觉 ; 社会疏离 ; 认知特点
- 英文论文关键词：Disabled ; Peceived discrimination ; Social alienation ; Cognitive Characteristics
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842.1
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：865k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
处于社会弱势群体中的残疾人普遍存在社会疏离的问题,它不仅会降低残疾人的生活质量和幸福感,还可能诱发一系列不良的情绪及行为问题。为了帮助残疾人调整自身认知偏差,指导社会群体采用合理、正确的方式与残疾人进行互动交往,有效提高残疾人社会工作的针对性,本研究采用问卷调查法探究残疾人歧视知觉与社会疏离的关系,并进一步分析了自尊在歧视知觉与社会疏离关系间的作用。其次,前人研究发现低自尊的特殊群体通常存在负性认知偏向的特点,因此本研究通过实验法对残疾人的认知加工特点进行了考察。研究一采用经修订的歧视知觉问卷、自尊问卷、社会回避量表、社交焦虑量表及孤独感量表对128名残疾人被试进行了施测,结果表明:(1)相比于男性及后天残疾人士,女性和先天残疾人士的孤独感和社交焦虑水平显著较高,未婚残疾人士更容易出现社交回避、社交焦虑和孤独感;(2)自尊在残疾人歧视知觉和社会回避之间起着调节的作用。研究二通过实验法,采用"情绪Stroop范式",以社交情绪词汇(拒绝、接纳、中性)作为刺激呈现材料,让被试对词的颜色进行命名,以被试的反应时和正确率作为指标来考察残疾人情绪和认知的特点。结果发现:残疾人对社交拒绝词汇字体颜色的命名反应时显著长于普通人,即残疾人对负性社交反馈言语刺激存在注意的偏向。
Being a prevalent problem among the disabled people, social alienation will not only lowers their quality of life and sense of well-being, but also causes a series of unhealthy emotional and behavioral problems. The author undertakes this research with the aim to help the disabled to adjust their cognitive biases,and guide social groups to adopt reasonable ways to interact with the disabled,which would improve the pertinency of social welfare concerning the disabled. By means of questionnaire, this research analysis the effects self-esteemhave on the relationship between discrimination cognition and social alienation. Besides,in view of the previous researches which indicated that the low self-esteem group share the characteristic of negative orientation,the author also adopts the experimental method to further explore the cognitive characteristic of the disabled. In part one, the author tests 128 disabled people using the revised questionnaires including Perceived Discrimination Scale, Self-esteem Scale(SES), Social Avoidance Scale,Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale(LSAS) and UCLA,the result indicates:(1)Compared with male or people who acquired disability, the sense of loneliness and the level of social anxiety of female and people who are born with disability are remarkably higher, and the singled disabled are more likely to suffer from social avoidance,social distress and loneliness.(2)Self-esteem play an important role in adjusting the perceived discrimination of the disabled and social avoidance.Part two the author adopts the experimental method,namely "the Emotional Stroop Effect", during this experiment, social emotional vocabulary(reject,accept and neutral) were used as the stimuli, participants were require to name the color of the stimuli,then the characteristics of the emotion and cognitive of the disabled was valued according to the time and accuracy of their reactions. The result shows that the disabled people needed more time to name the color of the discrimination words than normal people,that is, the disabled people tend to pay attention to the negative social feedback.
Being a prevalent problem among the disabled people, social alienation will not only lowers their quality of life and sense of well-being, but also causes a series of unhealthy emotional and behavioral problems. The author undertakes this research with the aim to help the disabled to adjust their cognitive biases,and guide social groups to adopt reasonable ways to interact with the disabled,which would improve the pertinency of social welfare concerning the disabled. By means of questionnaire, this research analysis the effects self-esteemhave on the relationship between discrimination cognition and social alienation. Besides,in view of the previous researches which indicated that the low self-esteem group share the characteristic of negative orientation,the author also adopts the experimental method to further explore the cognitive characteristic of the disabled. In part one, the author tests 128 disabled people using the revised questionnaires including Perceived Discrimination Scale, Self-esteem Scale(SES), Social Avoidance Scale,Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale(LSAS) and UCLA,the result indicates:(1)Compared with male or people who acquired disability, the sense of loneliness and the level of social anxiety of female and people who are born with disability are remarkably higher, and the singled disabled are more likely to suffer from social avoidance,social distress and loneliness.(2)Self-esteem play an important role in adjusting the perceived discrimination of the disabled and social avoidance.Part two the author adopts the experimental method,namely "the Emotional Stroop Effect", during this experiment, social emotional vocabulary(reject,accept and neutral) were used as the stimuli, participants were require to name the color of the stimuli,then the characteristics of the emotion and cognitive of the disabled was valued according to the time and accuracy of their reactions. The result shows that the disabled people needed more time to name the color of the discrimination words than normal people,that is, the disabled people tend to pay attention to the negative social feedback.
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