崩岗崩积土侵蚀泥沙颗粒分选特性研究
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- 英文论文题名：Study on the size selectivity of eroded sediment oncolluvial soil slope
- 论文作者：蒋芳市 ; 黄炎和 ; 林金石 ; 陈嘉林
- 英文论文作者：Jiang Fangshi ; Huang Yanhe ; Lin Jinshi ; Chen Jialin ; College of Resourceand Environment ; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：福建农林大学资源与环境学院;
- 论文关键词：崩积土 ; 土壤侵蚀 ; 泥沙分选 ; 搬运机制
- 英文论文关键词：colluvial soil ; soil erosion ; size selectivity ; transport mechanisms
- 会议召开时间：2015-09-01
- 会议录名称：2015海峡两岸水土保持学术研讨会论文集（上）
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of Cross-strait Symposium on Soil and Water Conservation 2015
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：S157.1
- 学会代码：OGSJ
- 会议名称：2015海峡两岸水土保持学术研讨会
- 会议地点：中国山西太原
- 主办单位：中国水土保持学会、台湾中华水土保持学会
- 学会名称：中国水土保持学会
- 页数：7
- 文件大小：1528k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
崩积体是崩岗的重要组成部分,具有土质疏松、粗颗粒含量高、坡度大、易被侵蚀等特点。研究崩积体坡面侵蚀泥沙颗粒的分选特性对于揭示崩积体的侵蚀机理具有重要意义。采用人工模拟降雨试验,研究不同坡度和雨强条件下崩积体坡面侵蚀泥沙颗粒的变化特征。结果表明:崩积体侵蚀泥沙跃移质粒级较大,均大于0.537 mm;在细沟间侵蚀阶段,悬移质、跃移质和床移质的配置粒级差异较小,出现细沟侵蚀后,三者的配置粒级增大,且大雨强条件下变现得尤为明显;在细沟间侵蚀阶段,悬移质+跃移质含量在71.26-97.64%之间,出现细沟侵蚀后,床移质的比列增加,达到10.93-41.74%。
CoUuvial deposits feature high contents of gravel,sand,and loose materials,so that they are often weak in structure,low in cohesion,poor in stability steep in slope(generally varying between 20 and 40°) and high in erodibility.The study on peculiarity of erosion sediment will be of great significance to illustration of mechanism of the erosion on slopes of colluvial deposits.To study properties of erosion sediment from colluvial deposits,rainfalls were artificially simulated,with different rainfall intensity and slope gradient.Results show the following:The sediment particle gradually changes to coarse in the course of the interrill erosion- rill erosion and finally keeps in accordance with the tested soil particle composition.The size of saltation load is high:>0.537 mm.During the interrill erosion,the contents of suspention load and saltation load are between71.26%and 97.64%,after the rill erosion occurring the proportions of bed load rises up to 10.93-41.74%.
CoUuvial deposits feature high contents of gravel,sand,and loose materials,so that they are often weak in structure,low in cohesion,poor in stability steep in slope(generally varying between 20 and 40°) and high in erodibility.The study on peculiarity of erosion sediment will be of great significance to illustration of mechanism of the erosion on slopes of colluvial deposits.To study properties of erosion sediment from colluvial deposits,rainfalls were artificially simulated,with different rainfall intensity and slope gradient.Results show the following:The sediment particle gradually changes to coarse in the course of the interrill erosion- rill erosion and finally keeps in accordance with the tested soil particle composition.The size of saltation load is high:>0.537 mm.During the interrill erosion,the contents of suspention load and saltation load are between71.26%and 97.64%,after the rill erosion occurring the proportions of bed load rises up to 10.93-41.74%.
引文
[1]Jiang F S,Huang Y H,Wang M K,et al.Effects of rainfall intensity and slope gradient on steep colluvial deposit erosion in southeast China[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2014,78(5):1741-1752
[2]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.崩岗崩积体土壤渗透特性分析[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(3):49-54.
[3]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.坡面水流分离崩岗崩积体土壤的动力学特征[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(1):86-89,229.
[4]Foster,G.R.,Huggins,L.F.,Meyer,L.D.A laboratory study of rill hydraulics I:velocity relationships[J].Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineering[J],1984,27(8):790-796.
[5]Shi Z H,Fang N F,Wu F Z,et al.Soil erosion process and sediment sorting associated with transport mechanisms on steep slopes[J].Journal of Hydrology,2012,454/455:123-130
[6]Meyer L D,Line D E,Harmon W C.Size characteristics of sediment from agricultural soiisf J].Soil and Water Conservation,1992,47(1):107-111
[7]聂小东.李忠武,王晓燕,等.雨强对红壤坡耕地泥沙流失及有机碳富集的影响规律研究[J].土壤学报,2013,50(5):900-908.
[8]Le Bissonnais Y.Aggregate stability and assessment of soil crustability and erodibility:I.Theory and methodology[J].European Journal of Soil Science,1996,47:425-437
[9]Parsons A J,Abrahams A D,Luk S H.Size characteristics of sediment in interrill overland flow on a semiarid hillslope,southern Arizona[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,1991,16:143-152
[10]Slattery M C,Burt T P.Particle size characteristics of suspention sediment in hillslope runoff and stream flow[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,1997,22:705-719
[11]Eshel G,Levy G J,Mingelgrin U,et al.Critical evaluation of the use of laser diffraction for particle size distribution analysis[J].Soil Sciene Society of America Journal,2004,68:736-743
[12]Nearing,M.A.,Simanton,J.R.,Norton,L.D.,et al.Soil erosion by surface water flow on a stony,semiarid hillslope[J].Earth Surf.Process.Landforms,1999,24:677-686.
[13]Teixeira,P.C.,Misra,R.K..Erosion and sediment characteristics of cultivated forest soils as affected by the mechanical stability of aggregates[J].Catena,1997,30,119-134.
[14]Asadi,H.,Ghadiri,H.,Rose C.W.,et al.An investigation of flow-driven soil erosion processes at low stream powers[J].Journal of Hydrology,342,2007,134-142.
[15]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.坡度和雨强对崩岗崩积体侵蚀泥沙颗粒特征的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(5):574-581.
[16]Loch,R.J.,Donnollan,T.E.Field rainfall simulator studies on two clay soils of the Darling downs,Queensland II.Aggregate breakdown,sediment properties and soil erodibility[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research,1983,21,47-58.
[17]Asadi,H,Moussavi,A.,Ghadiri,H.,et al.Flow-driven soil erosion processes and the size selectivity of sediment[J].Journal of Hydrology,2011,406,73-81.
[2]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.崩岗崩积体土壤渗透特性分析[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(3):49-54.
[3]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.坡面水流分离崩岗崩积体土壤的动力学特征[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(1):86-89,229.
[4]Foster,G.R.,Huggins,L.F.,Meyer,L.D.A laboratory study of rill hydraulics I:velocity relationships[J].Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineering[J],1984,27(8):790-796.
[5]Shi Z H,Fang N F,Wu F Z,et al.Soil erosion process and sediment sorting associated with transport mechanisms on steep slopes[J].Journal of Hydrology,2012,454/455:123-130
[6]Meyer L D,Line D E,Harmon W C.Size characteristics of sediment from agricultural soiisf J].Soil and Water Conservation,1992,47(1):107-111
[7]聂小东.李忠武,王晓燕,等.雨强对红壤坡耕地泥沙流失及有机碳富集的影响规律研究[J].土壤学报,2013,50(5):900-908.
[8]Le Bissonnais Y.Aggregate stability and assessment of soil crustability and erodibility:I.Theory and methodology[J].European Journal of Soil Science,1996,47:425-437
[9]Parsons A J,Abrahams A D,Luk S H.Size characteristics of sediment in interrill overland flow on a semiarid hillslope,southern Arizona[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,1991,16:143-152
[10]Slattery M C,Burt T P.Particle size characteristics of suspention sediment in hillslope runoff and stream flow[J].Earth Surface Processes and Landforms,1997,22:705-719
[11]Eshel G,Levy G J,Mingelgrin U,et al.Critical evaluation of the use of laser diffraction for particle size distribution analysis[J].Soil Sciene Society of America Journal,2004,68:736-743
[12]Nearing,M.A.,Simanton,J.R.,Norton,L.D.,et al.Soil erosion by surface water flow on a stony,semiarid hillslope[J].Earth Surf.Process.Landforms,1999,24:677-686.
[13]Teixeira,P.C.,Misra,R.K..Erosion and sediment characteristics of cultivated forest soils as affected by the mechanical stability of aggregates[J].Catena,1997,30,119-134.
[14]Asadi,H.,Ghadiri,H.,Rose C.W.,et al.An investigation of flow-driven soil erosion processes at low stream powers[J].Journal of Hydrology,342,2007,134-142.
[15]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.坡度和雨强对崩岗崩积体侵蚀泥沙颗粒特征的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(5):574-581.
[16]Loch,R.J.,Donnollan,T.E.Field rainfall simulator studies on two clay soils of the Darling downs,Queensland II.Aggregate breakdown,sediment properties and soil erodibility[J].Australian Journal of Soil Research,1983,21,47-58.
[17]Asadi,H,Moussavi,A.,Ghadiri,H.,et al.Flow-driven soil erosion processes and the size selectivity of sediment[J].Journal of Hydrology,2011,406,73-81.