他人对个体道德自我调节的影响研究
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- 英文论文题名：The Role of Others in Moral Self-Regulation
- 论文作者：张朦薇 ; 赵梦辰 ; 王雨晨 ; 钟建安
- 英文论文作者：Zhang Mengwei ; Zhao Mengchen ; Wang Yuchen ; Zhong Jianan ; Zhejiang University ; Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：浙江大学心理与行为科学系;
- 论文关键词：道德许可效应 ; 道德清洁效应 ; 道德自我调节 ; 符号自我完成理论 ; 识解水平理论
- 英文论文关键词：moral licensing effect ; moral cleansing effect ; moral self-regulation ; symbolic self-completion theory ; construal level theory
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B82-054
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：752k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
近年来,道德自我调节逐渐得到了学者的关注。本研究从符号自我完成理论和识解水平理论的视角,探究他人在个体道德自我调节过程中的影响。实验一采用词汇判断任务,发现道德组对褒义词的相对反应时显著高于控制组,证明了道德许可效应的存在。实验二考察了当被试的道德或不道德行为被他人注意到,即成为社会现实后,对其之后的亲社会行为和作弊行为的影响。结果发现,当被试之前的道德或不道德事件成为社会现实后,出现了显著的道德负反馈调节,即回忆不道德事件的被试的亲社会行为得分显著高于道德组,作弊行为得分显著低于道德组。而当被试回忆的是他人事件时,社会现实不会产生显著影响。实验三考察了被试作为观察者,当回忆自己、亲密关系他人、一般关系他人的道德或不道德行为后,对其之后的亲社会行为和作弊行为的影响。结果发现,当被试回忆的是其亲密关系他人和一般关系他人的不道德行为,被试倾向于显著增加自己的作弊行为倾向,即表现出了道德正反馈调节。当被试回忆的是自身行为,出现了道德负反馈调节的趋势。本研究探究了他人在道德自我调节中的作用,不仅丰富了道德调节领域的理论,同时发现了生活中人们会受到他人的何种影响,为人们如何能够更好地表现道德行为、克服不道德行为提供了参考。
Researchers have been paying attention to moral self-regulation these years. In this research, we explored symbolic self-completion theory and construal level theory to study the influences of others in the moral self-regulation process. In Study 1, the results of lexical decision task showed that participants in moral group had slower relative-response time than those in neutral group, which demonstrated the moral licensing effect. Study 2 explored the influences on participants' sequent altruistic and cheating behaviors when their moral behaviors were noticed by others or not. The results showed that when participants' previous moral/immoral behaviors became social reality, it would bring out remarkable negative feedback of moral self-regulation. In another word, the scores of altruistic behaviors were higher and scores of cheating behaviors were lower in the social reality group. But these influences disappeared when the moral/immoral behaviors were of others. Study 3 tested how participants' recall of others' moral/immoral behaviors affected their sequent altruistic and cheating behaviors. The results indicated that, people tended to show more cheating behaviors after recalling friends' immoral behaviors whether the friends were close or not. But they tended to behave negative feedback regulation when they recalled their own actions. These studies explored the influences of others in the moral self-regulation process basing on symbolic self-completion theory and construal level theory. Not only did it enrich the academic area of moral regulation, but it also discovered the practical effect of others in daily life. This study provides us with a reference for how to behave more morally, and also overcome immoral behaviors.
Researchers have been paying attention to moral self-regulation these years. In this research, we explored symbolic self-completion theory and construal level theory to study the influences of others in the moral self-regulation process. In Study 1, the results of lexical decision task showed that participants in moral group had slower relative-response time than those in neutral group, which demonstrated the moral licensing effect. Study 2 explored the influences on participants' sequent altruistic and cheating behaviors when their moral behaviors were noticed by others or not. The results showed that when participants' previous moral/immoral behaviors became social reality, it would bring out remarkable negative feedback of moral self-regulation. In another word, the scores of altruistic behaviors were higher and scores of cheating behaviors were lower in the social reality group. But these influences disappeared when the moral/immoral behaviors were of others. Study 3 tested how participants' recall of others' moral/immoral behaviors affected their sequent altruistic and cheating behaviors. The results indicated that, people tended to show more cheating behaviors after recalling friends' immoral behaviors whether the friends were close or not. But they tended to behave negative feedback regulation when they recalled their own actions. These studies explored the influences of others in the moral self-regulation process basing on symbolic self-completion theory and construal level theory. Not only did it enrich the academic area of moral regulation, but it also discovered the practical effect of others in daily life. This study provides us with a reference for how to behave more morally, and also overcome immoral behaviors.
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