祖母辈投资差异:基于基因相似性的实验研究
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- 英文论文题名：For The Sake of Genetic Relatedness: Experimental Evidence for Grandmothers' Differential Investment on Grandchildren
- 论文作者：王婉婷 ; 陈斌斌
- 英文论文作者：Wanting Wang ; Bin-Bin Chen ; Department of Psychology ; Fudan University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：复旦大学心理学系;
- 论文关键词：祖辈投资 ; 祖母辈 ; 性染色体相关性 ; 面貌相似程度
- 英文论文关键词：grandparental investment ; grandmothers ; sex chromosomes relatedness ; facial resemblance
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B844.4
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：803k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
祖辈投资是一种广泛存在于全球的现象,然而极少有亚洲学者关注这一话题。这一领域的大多数研究以欧洲人群为对象,关注祖父、祖母、外祖父以及外祖母之间对于孙辈的投资差异;相应的,孙辈相关的因素很少被纳入考虑范围。从性染色体相关性理论的角度而言,不同性别的孙辈继承某位祖辈的一条性染色体的概率是不同,这一点概率上的区别没有被经典的父权怀疑的理论包含在内。从表现型相似性线索假设的角度而言,祖辈对于孙辈由于父权怀疑而产生的基因不确定性感受是有所区别的,因而对于可以观察到的表现型线索敏感程度也应当不同。以此为依据,我们探索了孙辈性别以及与祖辈面貌相似程度对于投资差异的影响。研究以80名中国女性大学生为对象,采用了以照片合成技术为基础的实验设计,使用了调整后的模拟投资问题作为祖母辈对于孙辈的投资的测量方法。统计分析显示(1)奶奶总体而言比外婆有更高概率在投资上倾向于孙女,以及(2)奶奶很有可能比外婆有更高概率偏爱像自己的孙辈;这与我们的预测是一致的。虽然如此,结果却也显示出奶奶和外婆在积极表述的投资问题上对于(外)孙女有相似程度的偏好。我们对可能造成这一现象的原因进行了讨论,另外也阐述了一些方法论上的问题。
Grandparental investment, as a phenomenon prevalent over world, receives relatively low attention by Asian researchers. Despite the focus on differential grandparental investment across paternal grandfathers, paternal grandmothers, maternal grandfathers and maternal grandmothers, by studies mostly conducted in Europe, factors of grandchildren are seldom taken into account. Following the sex chromosomes relatedness theory and the phenotypic similarity cues hypothesis, we tested two grandchild-related factors in a sample of 80 Chinese female undergraduates: sex and resemblance. An experimental design was adopted using the morphing technique and grandparental investment was measured by modified hypothetical investment questions. Statistical analyses showed that(1) paternal grandmothers were generally more likely than maternal grandmothers to invest on granddaughters and(2) paternal grandmothers were suggested to be more likely than maternal grandmothers to favor self-resembled grandchildren, as predicted. The similar preference for granddaughters of both paternal grandmothers and maternal grandmothers in responsive to positive questions was discussed, as well as some methodological issues.
Grandparental investment, as a phenomenon prevalent over world, receives relatively low attention by Asian researchers. Despite the focus on differential grandparental investment across paternal grandfathers, paternal grandmothers, maternal grandfathers and maternal grandmothers, by studies mostly conducted in Europe, factors of grandchildren are seldom taken into account. Following the sex chromosomes relatedness theory and the phenotypic similarity cues hypothesis, we tested two grandchild-related factors in a sample of 80 Chinese female undergraduates: sex and resemblance. An experimental design was adopted using the morphing technique and grandparental investment was measured by modified hypothetical investment questions. Statistical analyses showed that(1) paternal grandmothers were generally more likely than maternal grandmothers to invest on granddaughters and(2) paternal grandmothers were suggested to be more likely than maternal grandmothers to favor self-resembled grandchildren, as predicted. The similar preference for granddaughters of both paternal grandmothers and maternal grandmothers in responsive to positive questions was discussed, as well as some methodological issues.
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