摘要
商用锂离子电池薄膜电极存在着内部界面电阻大、活性物质与基底接触差、需要加入对容量没有贡献的添加剂等问题,严重制约了电极整体容量的提升和高倍率性能的改善。直接生长在导电基底上的纳米阵列结构被认为是一种有助于解决上述问题的、具有潜在应用价值的电极结构。我们利用溶剂热和电化学沉积法,制备了3D泡沫石墨/SnO_2纳米阵列/聚苯胺(GF@SnO_2NRAs@PANI)复合材料。泡沫石墨构成三维导电骨架和大孔结构,而直接生长在泡沫石墨表面的SnO_2纳米棒阵列被具有良好导电性能的聚苯胺层所包覆。当作为无需添加剂的锂离子电池负极时,该复合材料显示出了较高的容量和倍率性能。在500 mA/g的电流密度下循环40次,以电极整体质量计算得到的质量比容量可以保持在582.2 mAh/g,面积比容量为1.75mAh/cm~2。当电流密度提高到3A/g时,该电极的质量比容量为403.4 mAh/g,面积比容量为1.21 mAh/cm~2。
A novel graphite foam(GF)/SnO_2 nanoarrays/polyaniline(PANI) composite was fabricated through facile solvothermal growth followed by electrochemical deposition.The GF provided a 3D conductive skeleton and macropores,while the SnO_2 nanorod arrays grown directly on GF were coated by a thin layer of conductive PANI.When tested as a binder-free anode for lithium-ion batteries,the 3D macroporous composite exhibited high specific gravimetric capacity(based on the total mass of the whole electrode),high areal capacity,and good rate capability.
引文
[1]F.Zhang,L.Qi,Adv.Sci.DOI:10.1002/advs.201600049
[2]Z.Chen,W.Ren,L.Gao,B.Liu,S.Pei,H.Cheng,Nat.Mater.2011,10:424
[3]S.Chen,M.Wang,J.Ye,J.Cai,Y.Ma,H.Zhou,L.Qi,Nano Res.2013,6:243.