加速器质谱技术及其在环境科学中的应用
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- 英文论文题名：Technology of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry and Its Applicationsin Environmental Science
- 论文作者：何明 ; 庞义俊 ; 姜山
- 英文论文作者：He Ming ; Pang Yijun ; Jiang Shan ; China Institute of Atomic Energy
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：中国原子能科学研究院;
- 论文关键词：14C ; AMS ; 环境保护
- 英文论文关键词：Accelerator mass spectrometry ; Development ; Environment
- 会议召开时间：2016-09-22
- 会议录名称：2016年中国环境与安全监测技术研讨会—第27届MICONEX2016科学仪器惠及民生系列分会场论文集
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：TH843
- 学会代码：XDKX
- 会议名称：2016年中国环境与安全监测技术研讨会—第27届MICONEX2016科学仪器惠及民生系列分会场
- 会议地点：中国北京
- 主办单位：中国仪器仪表学会
- 学会名称：现代科学仪器编辑部
- 页数：7
- 文件大小：2515k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
长寿命的宇宙射线成因核素和人工生成核素如~(14)C、~(10)Be、~(26)Al和~(129)I等在环境科学具有非常重要的意义。然而,由于他们半衰期长、含量及其低(同位素丰度比在10-10—10-16范围)。采用传统质谱和放射性测量方法都不能够事先对其准确测量,目前只有加速器质谱(AMS)是最为有效的测量方法。本文介绍AMS原理、技术发展现状、测量方法以及在环境保护中的应用。
The Long-lived cosmogenic radionuclides and artificial radionuclides,such as 14 C, 10 Be, 26 Al and 129 I,havea very important significance in environmental science. However, above radionuclides have long half-life, and low content(isotope abundance ratio in the range 10-10-10-16). Using conventional mass spectrometry and radioactive methods are not able to accurately measure. Recently, accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS) is capability of effectivemeasurement. This article introduces the principle, technology development situation, methods of measurement of AMS and its application in environmental protection.
The Long-lived cosmogenic radionuclides and artificial radionuclides,such as 14 C, 10 Be, 26 Al and 129 I,havea very important significance in environmental science. However, above radionuclides have long half-life, and low content(isotope abundance ratio in the range 10-10-10-16). Using conventional mass spectrometry and radioactive methods are not able to accurately measure. Recently, accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS) is capability of effectivemeasurement. This article introduces the principle, technology development situation, methods of measurement of AMS and its application in environmental protection.
引文
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[2]Nelson D E,Korteling R G,Stott W R.Carbon-14:direct detection at natural concentrations[J].Science,1977,198:507-508.
[3]Alvarez L W,Cornog R.3He in Helium[J].Phys Rev,1939,56:379-379.
[4]Muller R A.Radiocarbon dating with a cyclotron[J].Science,1977 196:489-494.
[5]Lanting J N,Van der Plicht J.14C-AMS:pros and cons for archaeology[J].Palaeohistoria,1994,35(36):1-12.
[6]Gillespie R.Chemical isotope dilution for 14C AMS and the potential for GC/AMS[J].Radiocarbon,1986,28(3):1065-1067.
[7]Jiang S,He M,Jiang S S,et al.Development of AMSmeasurements and applications at the CIAE[J].Nucl Instr Meth B,2000,172:87-90.
[8]Jones G A,Mc Nichol A P,Von Reden K F,et al.The national ocean sciences AMS facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,1990,52(3):278-284.
[9]Hellborg R,Faarinen M,Kiisk M,et al.Accelerator mass spectrometry-an overview[J].Vacuum,2003,70(2):365-372.
[10]Freeman S P H T,Cook G T,Dougans A B,et al.Improved SSAMS performance[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,2010,268(7):715-717.
[11]Szidat S,Salazar G A,Vogel E,et al.14C analysis and sample preparation at the new Bern Laboratory for the Analysis of Radiocarbon with AMS(LARA)[J].Radiocarbon,2014,56(561):e566.
[12]Rodney J.Weber,Amy P.Sullivan,Richard E.Peltier,Armistead Russell,Bo Yan,Mei Zheng,Joost de Gouw,Carsten Warneke,Charles Brock,John S.Holloway,Elliot L.Atlas,and Eric Edgerton,Astudy of secondary organic aerosol formation in the anthropogenic-influenced southeastern United States,JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH,VOL.112,D13302,doi:10.1029/2007JD008408,2007.
[13]Heal,M.R.,Naysmith,P.,Cook,G.T.,Xu,S.,Raventos Duran,T.,Harrison,R.M.(2011)Application of 14C analyses to source apportionment of carbonaceous PM2.5 in the UK,Atmospheric Environment 45,2341-2348.
[14]I.Major,E.Furu,R.Janovics,I.Hajdas,Zs.Kertész,M.Molnár,METHOD DEVELOPMENTFOR THE 14C MEASUREMENT OF ATMOSPHERICAEROSOLS,ACTA PHYSICA DEBRECINA XLVI,83(2012).
[15]István Major,Gergely Vodila,Enik?o Furu,Zsófia Kertész,LászlóHaszpra,Irka Hajdas,Mihály Molnár,Development of radiocarbon-based methods to investigate atmospheric fossil carbon pollution,Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol.15,EGU2013-7648,2013.
[16]刘卫,位楠楠,王广华,姚剑,曾友石,范雪波,耿彦红,李燕,碳同位素比技术定量估算城市大气CO2的来源,环境科学,第33卷第4期,2012年,1041-1049.
[17]丁平,沈承德,易惟熙,王宁,丁杏芳,付东坡,刘克新,大气14CO2观测:2010~2011年广州城市大气中化石源CO2浓度变化特征,第42卷第4期,2013年,297-306.
[18]SHAO M,TANG X Y,LI J L,et al.Bulletin of the209th ACSNM,1995.72-75.
[19]Currie L A,Klouda G A,Klinedinst D B,et al.Nucl Inst r M eth,1994,B92:404-409.
[20]Graven H D,Guilderson T P,Keeling R F.Methods for high-precision 14C AMS measurement of atmospheric CO2 at LLNL[J].Radiocarbon,2007,49(2):349-356.
[21]Xi X T,Ding X F,Fu D P,et al.RegionalΔ14Cpatterns and fossil fuel derived CO2 distribution in the Beijing area using annual plants[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2011,56(16):1721-1726.
[22]Oughton D H,Skipperud L,Fifield L K,et al.Accelerator mass spectrometry measurement of 240Pu/239 Pu isotope ratios in Novaya Zemlya and Kara Sea sediments[J].Applied Radiation and Isotopes,2004,61(2):249-253.
[23]Wacker L,Fifield L K,Tims S G.Developments in AMS of 99 Tc[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,2004,223:185-189.
[24]姜山,蒋崧生,郭宏等.北京HI-13串列加速器质谱计测定36Cl的研究[J].核技术,1993,16:720-725.
[25]蒋崧生,何明,谢运棉等.环境中129I的AMS方法测定[J].核技术,2000,23:43-47.
[26]彭博,何明,丁艳秋,等.加速器质谱法测量99Tc[J].质谱学报,2005,26(s):69-70.
[27]Green J R,Cecil L D,Synal H A,et al.A high resolution record of chlorine-36 nuclear-weaponstests fallout from Central Asia[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,2004,223:854-857.
[28]Matsubara A,Saito-Kokubu Y,Nishizawa A,et al.Quaternary Geochronology using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry(AMS):Current Status of the AMS System at the Tono Geoscience Center[J].GeochronologyMethods and Case Studies,edited by J.van Mourik,ISBN,2014:978-953.
[29]Klouda G A,Currie L A,Donahue D J,et al.Urban atmospheric 14 CO and 14 CH 4 measurements by accelerator mass spectrometry[J].Radiocarbon,1986,28(2A):625-633.
[30]Veres M,Uchrin E G,Csaba E,et al.Concentration of radiocarbon and its chemical forms in gaseous effluents,environmental air,nuclear waste and primary water of a pressurized water reactor power plant in Hungary[J].Radiocarbon,1995,37(2):497-504.
[31]郭之虞,刘克新,马宏骥,等.加速器质谱(14)C测年精度研究与改进[J].第四纪研究,2000,1:016.
[2]Nelson D E,Korteling R G,Stott W R.Carbon-14:direct detection at natural concentrations[J].Science,1977,198:507-508.
[3]Alvarez L W,Cornog R.3He in Helium[J].Phys Rev,1939,56:379-379.
[4]Muller R A.Radiocarbon dating with a cyclotron[J].Science,1977 196:489-494.
[5]Lanting J N,Van der Plicht J.14C-AMS:pros and cons for archaeology[J].Palaeohistoria,1994,35(36):1-12.
[6]Gillespie R.Chemical isotope dilution for 14C AMS and the potential for GC/AMS[J].Radiocarbon,1986,28(3):1065-1067.
[7]Jiang S,He M,Jiang S S,et al.Development of AMSmeasurements and applications at the CIAE[J].Nucl Instr Meth B,2000,172:87-90.
[8]Jones G A,Mc Nichol A P,Von Reden K F,et al.The national ocean sciences AMS facility at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,1990,52(3):278-284.
[9]Hellborg R,Faarinen M,Kiisk M,et al.Accelerator mass spectrometry-an overview[J].Vacuum,2003,70(2):365-372.
[10]Freeman S P H T,Cook G T,Dougans A B,et al.Improved SSAMS performance[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,2010,268(7):715-717.
[11]Szidat S,Salazar G A,Vogel E,et al.14C analysis and sample preparation at the new Bern Laboratory for the Analysis of Radiocarbon with AMS(LARA)[J].Radiocarbon,2014,56(561):e566.
[12]Rodney J.Weber,Amy P.Sullivan,Richard E.Peltier,Armistead Russell,Bo Yan,Mei Zheng,Joost de Gouw,Carsten Warneke,Charles Brock,John S.Holloway,Elliot L.Atlas,and Eric Edgerton,Astudy of secondary organic aerosol formation in the anthropogenic-influenced southeastern United States,JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH,VOL.112,D13302,doi:10.1029/2007JD008408,2007.
[13]Heal,M.R.,Naysmith,P.,Cook,G.T.,Xu,S.,Raventos Duran,T.,Harrison,R.M.(2011)Application of 14C analyses to source apportionment of carbonaceous PM2.5 in the UK,Atmospheric Environment 45,2341-2348.
[14]I.Major,E.Furu,R.Janovics,I.Hajdas,Zs.Kertész,M.Molnár,METHOD DEVELOPMENTFOR THE 14C MEASUREMENT OF ATMOSPHERICAEROSOLS,ACTA PHYSICA DEBRECINA XLVI,83(2012).
[15]István Major,Gergely Vodila,Enik?o Furu,Zsófia Kertész,LászlóHaszpra,Irka Hajdas,Mihály Molnár,Development of radiocarbon-based methods to investigate atmospheric fossil carbon pollution,Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol.15,EGU2013-7648,2013.
[16]刘卫,位楠楠,王广华,姚剑,曾友石,范雪波,耿彦红,李燕,碳同位素比技术定量估算城市大气CO2的来源,环境科学,第33卷第4期,2012年,1041-1049.
[17]丁平,沈承德,易惟熙,王宁,丁杏芳,付东坡,刘克新,大气14CO2观测:2010~2011年广州城市大气中化石源CO2浓度变化特征,第42卷第4期,2013年,297-306.
[18]SHAO M,TANG X Y,LI J L,et al.Bulletin of the209th ACSNM,1995.72-75.
[19]Currie L A,Klouda G A,Klinedinst D B,et al.Nucl Inst r M eth,1994,B92:404-409.
[20]Graven H D,Guilderson T P,Keeling R F.Methods for high-precision 14C AMS measurement of atmospheric CO2 at LLNL[J].Radiocarbon,2007,49(2):349-356.
[21]Xi X T,Ding X F,Fu D P,et al.RegionalΔ14Cpatterns and fossil fuel derived CO2 distribution in the Beijing area using annual plants[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2011,56(16):1721-1726.
[22]Oughton D H,Skipperud L,Fifield L K,et al.Accelerator mass spectrometry measurement of 240Pu/239 Pu isotope ratios in Novaya Zemlya and Kara Sea sediments[J].Applied Radiation and Isotopes,2004,61(2):249-253.
[23]Wacker L,Fifield L K,Tims S G.Developments in AMS of 99 Tc[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,2004,223:185-189.
[24]姜山,蒋崧生,郭宏等.北京HI-13串列加速器质谱计测定36Cl的研究[J].核技术,1993,16:720-725.
[25]蒋崧生,何明,谢运棉等.环境中129I的AMS方法测定[J].核技术,2000,23:43-47.
[26]彭博,何明,丁艳秋,等.加速器质谱法测量99Tc[J].质谱学报,2005,26(s):69-70.
[27]Green J R,Cecil L D,Synal H A,et al.A high resolution record of chlorine-36 nuclear-weaponstests fallout from Central Asia[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms,2004,223:854-857.
[28]Matsubara A,Saito-Kokubu Y,Nishizawa A,et al.Quaternary Geochronology using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry(AMS):Current Status of the AMS System at the Tono Geoscience Center[J].GeochronologyMethods and Case Studies,edited by J.van Mourik,ISBN,2014:978-953.
[29]Klouda G A,Currie L A,Donahue D J,et al.Urban atmospheric 14 CO and 14 CH 4 measurements by accelerator mass spectrometry[J].Radiocarbon,1986,28(2A):625-633.
[30]Veres M,Uchrin E G,Csaba E,et al.Concentration of radiocarbon and its chemical forms in gaseous effluents,environmental air,nuclear waste and primary water of a pressurized water reactor power plant in Hungary[J].Radiocarbon,1995,37(2):497-504.
[31]郭之虞,刘克新,马宏骥,等.加速器质谱(14)C测年精度研究与改进[J].第四纪研究,2000,1:016.