Is a 30% Reduction in Emissions by Changing Transport Patterns in Ankara Feasible?
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- 英文论文题名：Is a 30% Reduction in Emissions by Changing Transport Patterns in Ankara Feasible?
- 论文作者：Can B?y?k
- 英文论文作者：Can B?y?k ; School of Geography ; Earth and Environmental Science ; University of Birmingham
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：School of Geography,Earth and Environmental Science,University of Birmingham;
- 英文论文关键词：Air pollution ; air quality ; environment ; transport
- 会议召开时间：2015-01-01
- 会议录名称：International Journal of Environmental Science and Development Vol.6 No.1
- 语种：英文
- 分类号：F542;X322
- 学会代码：CDYA
- 学会名称：成都亚昂教育咨询有限公司
- 页数：4
- 文件大小：1060k
- 原文格式：D
摘要
The purpose of this paper is to examine potential air pollution reductions by shifting people's transport pattern into public buses from passenger cars. A quantitative survey approach is used to estimate car driver's transport characteristics and some data are collected from local council website for public bus journeys. DMRB(Design Manual for Roads and Bridges) excel spread sheet is used to calculate local and regional air pollution emissions from passenger vehicles and public buses. In this research, I have found that there is a high potential of people prefer public buses in future but this potential does not provide to decrease all emissions of 30% of reductions because NOx emissions decrease less than other pollutants. Another important finding is that new local benzene and 1.3-butadieneair quality values could meet the national air pollution standards, if the 42% of car drivers are encouraged to travel by public buses in Ankara.
The purpose of this paper is to examine potential air pollution reductions by shifting people's transport pattern into public buses from passenger cars. A quantitative survey approach is used to estimate car driver's transport characteristics and some data are collected from local council website for public bus journeys. DMRB(Design Manual for Roads and Bridges) excel spread sheet is used to calculate local and regional air pollution emissions from passenger vehicles and public buses. In this research, I have found that there is a high potential of people prefer public buses in future but this potential does not provide to decrease all emissions of 30% of reductions because NOx emissions decrease less than other pollutants. Another important finding is that new local benzene and 1.3-butadieneair quality values could meet the national air pollution standards, if the 42% of car drivers are encouraged to travel by public buses in Ankara.
The purpose of this paper is to examine potential air pollution reductions by shifting people's transport pattern into public buses from passenger cars. A quantitative survey approach is used to estimate car driver's transport characteristics and some data are collected from local council website for public bus journeys. DMRB(Design Manual for Roads and Bridges) excel spread sheet is used to calculate local and regional air pollution emissions from passenger vehicles and public buses. In this research, I have found that there is a high potential of people prefer public buses in future but this potential does not provide to decrease all emissions of 30% of reductions because NOx emissions decrease less than other pollutants. Another important finding is that new local benzene and 1.3-butadieneair quality values could meet the national air pollution standards, if the 42% of car drivers are encouraged to travel by public buses in Ankara.
引文
[1]S.Soylu,“Estimation of Turkish road transport emissions,”Energy Policy,vol.35,pp.4088-4094,2007.
[2]J.Dargay,D.Gately,and M.Sommer,“Vehicle ownership and income growth,worldwide:1960-2030,”The Energy Journal,vol.28,no.4,pp.143-170,2007.
[3]K.Stanley,A.Hensder,and C.Loader,“Road transport and climate change:Stepping off the greenhouse gas,”Transportation Research Part A:Policy and Practice,vol.45,pp.1020-1030,2011.
[4]C.De Jong and O.Van De Riet,“The driving factors of passenger transport,”European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research,vol.8,no.3,pp.227-250,2007.
[5]J.Woodcock,P.Edwards,C.Tonne,B.Armstrong,O.Ashiru,D.Banister,S.Beevers,Z.Chalabi,Z.Chowdhury,and A.Cohen,“Public health benefits of strategies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions:urban land transport,”The Lancet,vol.374,no.9705,pp.1930-1943,2009.
[6]V.Vestreng,L.Ntziachristos,A.Semb,S.Reis,I.Isaksen,and L.Tarrason,“Evolution of NO x emissions in Europe with focus on road transport control measures,”Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,vol.9,pp.1503-1520,2009.
[2]J.Dargay,D.Gately,and M.Sommer,“Vehicle ownership and income growth,worldwide:1960-2030,”The Energy Journal,vol.28,no.4,pp.143-170,2007.
[3]K.Stanley,A.Hensder,and C.Loader,“Road transport and climate change:Stepping off the greenhouse gas,”Transportation Research Part A:Policy and Practice,vol.45,pp.1020-1030,2011.
[4]C.De Jong and O.Van De Riet,“The driving factors of passenger transport,”European Journal of Transport and Infrastructure Research,vol.8,no.3,pp.227-250,2007.
[5]J.Woodcock,P.Edwards,C.Tonne,B.Armstrong,O.Ashiru,D.Banister,S.Beevers,Z.Chalabi,Z.Chowdhury,and A.Cohen,“Public health benefits of strategies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions:urban land transport,”The Lancet,vol.374,no.9705,pp.1930-1943,2009.
[6]V.Vestreng,L.Ntziachristos,A.Semb,S.Reis,I.Isaksen,and L.Tarrason,“Evolution of NO x emissions in Europe with focus on road transport control measures,”Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,vol.9,pp.1503-1520,2009.