进城务工人员心理适应现状调查研究
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- 英文论文题名：The Status Investigation of Migrant Workers' Mental Adaptation Situation
- 论文作者：曾练平 ; 潘运 ; 赵守盈
- 英文论文作者：Lianping Zeng ; Yun Pan ; Shouying Zhao ; School of Education Science ; Guizhou Normal University ; Guizhou General Colleges Key Laboratory of Fundamental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：贵州师范大学教育科学学院;贵州省普通高校基础心理与认知神经科学特色重点实验室;
- 论文关键词：进城务工人员 ; 心理适应 ; 生活满意度 ; 社会支持
- 英文论文关键词：migrant workers ; mental adaptation ; life satisfaction ; social support
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：C912.64
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：806k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
进城务工人员从乡村到城市,由于生活环境和文化背景的巨大差异,在城市融入过程中面临着诸多问题,其中心理适应问题十分凸显。因此,对进城务工人员的心理适应问题进行研究,帮助他们更好地融入城市,减少适应过程中城市与适应者双方的阵痛,促进民族融合团结、社会和谐稳定和国家快速发展,具有重要的理论意义与实践价值。基于此,本研究力求对进城务工人员的心理适应现状及影响因素进行较全面的解读,为相关部门的咨询与决策提供实证性资料。本研究使用归属感问卷、孤独感量表、自评抑郁量表、自尊量表、社会支持评定量表和生活满意度量表,采用分层抽样方法对1825名进城务工人员进行调查,其中男生967人,女生853人,5人未填;婚姻状况:已婚1226人,未婚539人,离异53人,7人未填;文化程度:小学及以下385人,初中851人,高中或中专497人,大专及以上77人,15人未填;工作年限:1年以内365人,2-3年427人,4-5年327人,6-9年355人,10年及以上351人。研究结果表明:(1)进城务工人员的心理适应处于中等略偏上水平;(2)进城务工人员心理适应在性别上差异无统计学意义。(3)进城务工人员心理适应在婚姻状况上存在显著差异,未婚人员显著高于已婚人员。(4)进城务工人员心理适应在受教育程度上存在显著差异,受教育程度越高,其心理适应水平越高。(5)同事支持和亲朋支持对进城务工人员的心理适应有显著预测作用。综上可知,进城务工人员心理适应总体处于较高水平,其心理适应受婚姻状况、受教育程度影响;社会支持对心理适应有显著预测作用。我们认为,通过提升进城务工人员的知识文化水平与业务技能水平,给已婚进城务工人员提供配偶的工作机会或团聚便利,给予他们更多的政策支持与人文关怀等,这样或许能够让他们更好地适应城市生活,增进城市融入。
Migrant workers are a kind of people who leave villages and go to cities to get more work opportunities. While because of wide difference in life environment and cultural shock, they have to face many problems, particularly the mental adaptation problem. Therefore, it is vital and meaningful to study with migrant workers' mental adaptation problem and help them fit into the cities. Based on that, the aim of this study was to completely explain migrant workers' mental adaptation situation and it's affecting factors. In this way, relevant departments could make better decisions by getting empirical evidence from this study. The Belonging questionnaire, the sense of the Loneliness scale, self-rating depression scale, the self-esteem scales, social support rating scale and Life Satisfaction Scale were employed to assess 1825(Gender: male: 967, female: 853, missing value: 5; Marital status: married: 1226, single: 539, divorced: 53, missing value: 7; education elementary school and below: 385, middle school: 851, high school or secondary school: 497, college or above: 77, missing value: 15; Working years: in a year: 365, 2-3years: 427,4-5 years: 327, 6-9years: 355, 10 and above: 351) migrant workers by Stratified sampling method. The results showed that:(1) The mental adaptation of migrant workers are slightly above the middle level;(2) There is no significant difference in gender about the mental adaptation;(3) There is a significant difference on marital status, which showed the single's mental adaptation level is higher than married;(4) Significant difference is found in terms of education while the more educated of migrant workers are, the higher mental adaptation level is;(5) Colleagues and friends support can notable predict mental adaptation. In conclusion, the mental adaptation of migrant workers was in the high level which was effected by Marital status and education; Social support could significantly predict mental adaptation. In my point, though upgrading their knowledge and job skills, offering married migrant workers work and reunion opportunities, providing them more policy support and humanistic care could help them better integrate.
Migrant workers are a kind of people who leave villages and go to cities to get more work opportunities. While because of wide difference in life environment and cultural shock, they have to face many problems, particularly the mental adaptation problem. Therefore, it is vital and meaningful to study with migrant workers' mental adaptation problem and help them fit into the cities. Based on that, the aim of this study was to completely explain migrant workers' mental adaptation situation and it's affecting factors. In this way, relevant departments could make better decisions by getting empirical evidence from this study. The Belonging questionnaire, the sense of the Loneliness scale, self-rating depression scale, the self-esteem scales, social support rating scale and Life Satisfaction Scale were employed to assess 1825(Gender: male: 967, female: 853, missing value: 5; Marital status: married: 1226, single: 539, divorced: 53, missing value: 7; education elementary school and below: 385, middle school: 851, high school or secondary school: 497, college or above: 77, missing value: 15; Working years: in a year: 365, 2-3years: 427,4-5 years: 327, 6-9years: 355, 10 and above: 351) migrant workers by Stratified sampling method. The results showed that:(1) The mental adaptation of migrant workers are slightly above the middle level;(2) There is no significant difference in gender about the mental adaptation;(3) There is a significant difference on marital status, which showed the single's mental adaptation level is higher than married;(4) Significant difference is found in terms of education while the more educated of migrant workers are, the higher mental adaptation level is;(5) Colleagues and friends support can notable predict mental adaptation. In conclusion, the mental adaptation of migrant workers was in the high level which was effected by Marital status and education; Social support could significantly predict mental adaptation. In my point, though upgrading their knowledge and job skills, offering married migrant workers work and reunion opportunities, providing them more policy support and humanistic care could help them better integrate.
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