SCR系统中尿素-水溶液喷射和结晶可能性的模拟
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- 英文论文题名：Simulation on Urea Water Solution Injection and Deposits Formation Possibility in an SCR System
- 论文作者：汪子涵 ; 黄永俊 ; 钟修林 ; 郑贯宇 ; 刘正锐 ; 桂建华
- 英文论文作者：Wang Zihan ; Huang Yongjun ; Zhong Xiulin ; Zheng Guanyu ; Liu Zhengrui ; Gui Jianhua ; IDAJ-China Co. ; Ltd ; Weichai Power Emission Solutions Technology Co. ; Ltd
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：艾迪捷信息科技(上海)有限公司;潍柴动力空气净化科技有限公司;
- 论文关键词：SCR ; CFD ; 结晶可能性 ; 均匀性
- 英文论文关键词：SCR ; CFD ; deposits formation possibility(DFP) ; uniformity index
- 会议召开时间：2016-10-26
- 会议录名称：2016中国汽车工程学会年会论文集
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of 2016 SAE-China Congress
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：U464.172
- 学会代码：QCGC
- 会议名称：2016中国汽车工程学会年会暨展览会
- 会议地点：中国上海
- 主办单位：中国汽车工程学会
- 学会名称：中国汽车工程学会
- 页数：6
- 文件大小：1354k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
在严格的排放法规下,选择性催化反应(Selective Catalytic Reduction,SCR)已经成为减少柴油机NO_X排放的标准方法。尿素-水溶液的喷射以及与混合器表面和发动机尾气的相互作用控制着氨气的均匀性及边界和混合器表面结晶的生成,这些都影响着SCR的性能和生命周期。计算流体力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)被用来研究一款匹配重型柴油机的含有双层混合器的SCR系统。模拟由三维CFD软件CONVERGE完成,它包含详细的喷雾破碎、蒸发、液膜、湍流、共轭传热模型以及完全自动的网格生成功能。模拟的尿素结晶的位置和系统压降都被实验值验证,提升了催化剂进口均匀性等预测参数的可靠性。最后,笔者建立了一个新的结晶可能性参数(Deposits Formation Possibility,DFP),以便工程师量化结晶发生的概率。
Selective Catalytic Reduction(SCR) has become a standard approach to reduce diesel engines NO_x emissions.Urea Water Solution(UWS) injection and interacting with mixer walls and exhaust gases controls homogeneity of ammonia distribution at the catalyst inlet and solid deposits formation on boundary walls and mixer surfaces,which influences SCR performance and life cycle.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) is used to simulate an SCR system with a dual baffle mixer for heavy duty diesel engines.The modeling procedure is carried out by a multi-dimensional CFD code CONVERGE that includes detailed spray break-up,evaporation,wall-film,turbulence,and Conjugate Heat Transfer(CHT) models as well as a completely automated mesh generation approach.Locations of urea deposits and system pressure drop are predicted and validated against measurements,enhancing validity of uniformity index(UI) prediction at the catalyst inlet.Finally,a parameter called Deposits Formation Possibility(DPF) is established for engineers to quantify the risk of deposits formation.
Selective Catalytic Reduction(SCR) has become a standard approach to reduce diesel engines NO_x emissions.Urea Water Solution(UWS) injection and interacting with mixer walls and exhaust gases controls homogeneity of ammonia distribution at the catalyst inlet and solid deposits formation on boundary walls and mixer surfaces,which influences SCR performance and life cycle.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) is used to simulate an SCR system with a dual baffle mixer for heavy duty diesel engines.The modeling procedure is carried out by a multi-dimensional CFD code CONVERGE that includes detailed spray break-up,evaporation,wall-film,turbulence,and Conjugate Heat Transfer(CHT) models as well as a completely automated mesh generation approach.Locations of urea deposits and system pressure drop are predicted and validated against measurements,enhancing validity of uniformity index(UI) prediction at the catalyst inlet.Finally,a parameter called Deposits Formation Possibility(DPF) is established for engineers to quantify the risk of deposits formation.
引文
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[2]Lewander,M.,Johansson,B.,Tunestal,P.,Keeler,N.et al.,"Evaluation of the Operating Range of Partially Premixed Combustion in a Multi Cylinder Heavy Duty Engine with Extensive EGR,"[C].SAE Technical Paper2009-01-1127,2009,doi:10.4271/2009-01-112.
[3]Lee,S.and Reitz,R.,"Spray Targeting to Minimize Soot and CO Formation in Premixed Charge Compression Ignition(PCCI)Combustion with a HSDI Diesel Engine,"[C].SAE Technical Paper 2006-01-0918,2006,doi:10.4271/2006-01-0918.
[4]Drennan,S.,Kumar,G.,Quan,S.,and Wang,M.,"Application of Automatic Meshing to Urea-Water Injection Simulation for Engine Aftertreatment,"[C].SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-1057.
[5]Zheng,G.,Zhang,S.,Wang,F.,Liu,Z.,and Tao,J.,"Design Optimization of an Integrated SCR Syetem for EU V Heavy Duty Diesel Engines"[C].SAE Technical Paper 2016-01-1057.
[6]Zheng,G.,Fila,A.,Kotrba,A.,and Floyd,R.,"Investigation of Urea Deposits in Urea SCR Systems for Medium and Heavy Duty Trucks,"[C].SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-1941,2010.
[7]Richards,K.J.,Senecal,P.K.,and Pomraning,E.,CONVERGE(v2.3)[J].Convergent Science,Madison,WI(2015).
[8]Issa,R.I.,"Solution of the Implicitly Discretized Fluid Flow Equations by Operator-Splitting",[J].Journal of Computational Physics,62,40-65,1986.
[9]Yakhot,V.,and Orszag,S.A.,"Renormalization Group Analysis of Turbulence.I.Basic Theory,"[J].J.Sci.Comput.,1,3,1986.
[10]O'Rourke,P.J.,and Amsden,A.A.,"The TAB Method for Numerical Calculation of Spray Droplet Breakup,"[C].SAE Paper No.872089,1987.
[11]Liu,A.B.,Mather,D.K.,and Reitz,R.D.,"Modeling the Effects of Drop Drag and Breakup on Fuel Sprays",[C].SAE 930072,1993.
[12]Amsden,A.A.,O'Rourke,P.J.,and Butler,T.D.,"KIVA-II:A Computer Program for Chemically Reactive Flows with Sprays,"[C].Los Alamos National Laboratory Report No.LA-11560-MS,1989.
[13]Yim,D.S.,Kim,S.J.,Baik,J.H.,Nam,I.,Mok,Y.S.,Lee,J.W.,Cho,B.K.,Oh,S.H.,"Decomposition of Urea into NH3 for the SCR Process"[J].Ind.Eng Chem.Res.43(1)(2004)4856-4863.
[14]Kuhnke,D.,"Spray/Wall-interaction Modelling by Dimensionless Data Analysis,"[M].Ph.D.Thesis,Shaker Verlag,2004,ISBN 3-3822-3539.
[15]Quart,S.,Wang,M.,Drennan,S.,Strodtbeck,J.,Dahale,A.,"A Molten Solid Approach for Simulating Urea-Water Solution Droplet Depletion"[C].ILASS Americas 27th Annual Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems,Raleigh,NC,May 2015.
[16]Birkhold,F.,Meingast,U.,Wassermann,P.,and Deutschmann,O.,"Modeling and simulation of the injection of urea-water solution for automotive SCR DeNOxsystems,"[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,vol.70 pp 119-127,2007
[17]Schaber,P.M.,Colson,J.,Higgins,S.,Thielen,D.,Anspach,B.,Brauer,J.,"Thermal decomposition(pyrolysis)of urea in an open reaction vessel",[J].Thermochimica Acta 424(2004)131-142.
[18]Schmidt,A.,Verfahrenstechnische Probleme bei der Herstellung von Melamin aus Harnstoff bei Atmospha"rendruck,O"sterr[J].Chemiker-Ztg 68(1967)175-179.
[19]Holmberg,E.,"A CFD Study of the Urea Supply,Droplet Breakup and Mixing in a Pipe Upstream of a SCR Catalyst",[D].Master's Thesis,Chalmers University of Technology,2013.