摘要
弥尔顿生前未出版的遗作《基督教教义》(De Doctrina Christianain)是其构建并试图用来支持自己观点的专门神学著作,其中的许多神学观点非常激进或者并非正统基督教思想。弥尔顿独特的创造论、三一论、多偶制观念都是他在个人的基督教信仰、对未来的信念与社会现状之间的张力中做出的某种调和尝试,实际上内在地延续了他宗教-政治-诗歌体系的思想脉络,核心观念都是围绕着对"人性"的美好期许而展开的。
De Doctrina Christianain is Milton' s unpublished theological work which he uses to support his theological views.The work includes lots of radical or non-Orthodox Christian ideas such as his unique theories of creation,Trinity and polygamy.Although these ideas express Milton ' s attempts to accommodate his personal faith to the social conditions of his time,at the same time they are consistent with his religious-political-poetic thought-system which contains the core idea of the good nature of the humankind.
引文
[1]Christopher Hill,Milton and the English Revolution,London:Faber and Faber,1977,p.285.
[2]Christopher Hill,Milton and the English Revolution,London;Faber and Faber,1977,p.285.
[1]Gordon Campbell,Thomas N.Corns,John K.Hale,and Fiona J.Tweedie,Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana,Oxford University Press 2007,p.3.
[2]出版商之间的通信收录于Gordon CampbeU,Thomas N.Corns,John K.Hale,and Fiona J.Tweedie,Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana,Oxford University Press 2007,pp.7-31.
[1]见Maurice Kelley,On the State of Milton's De Doctrina Christiana,English Language,1989,Notes27:pp.43-48.
[2]Gordon Campbell,Thomas N.Corns,John K.Hale,and Fiona J.Tweedie.Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana,Oxford University Press 2007,p.33.
[3]David I.Holmes,Authorship Attribution,Computers and the Humanities,1994,28.2:pp.87-106.
[4]Thomas N.Corns,The Development of Milton's Prose Style,Oxford:Clarendon,1982;Thomas N.Corns,Milton's Language,Oxford:Blackwell,1990.
[5]John K.Hale,Milton's languages:the impact of multUingualism on style,Cambridge University Press,1997.
(1)(1)William Ames,Medulla Theologica,editio novissima(Amster-dam,1649).
(2)Johan Wollebius,Compendium Theologicae Christianae(Amster-dam,1654).
(3)Richard Baxter,Methodus Theologicae Christianae(1681).
(4)George Bate,Elenchus Motuum nuperorum in Angli(London,1649).
(5)Eikon Basilike,trans.John Earle(The Hague,1649).
(6)William Prynne,Guilhelmi Prynn Angli Fulcimentum Gladii Chris—tianonan Regum,Principium,&Magistratuum(Basel,1649).
(7)Anon.,Tragicum Theatrum Actonim,et Casuum Tragiconim,Londini(Amsterdam,1649).
(8)Salmasius,Defensio Regia pro Carolo/(Leiden and Amster-dam,1649).
(9)Tom May,Historiae Parliaments Angliae Breviarum(London,1650).
[1]以上参见B.K.Kuiper,The Church in History,Wm.B.Eerdmans Publishing Company,1988,Chapter 33 and 34.
[2]参见Gordon Campbell,Thomas N.Corns,John K.Hale,and Fiona J.Tweedie,Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana.Oxford University Press 2007,p.101.
[1]参见C.A.Patrides,Milton and Christian Tradition,Oxford,1966,pp.16-18.
[2]见Frederick Copleston,A History of Philosophy,volume 1,"medieval philosophy,part I",New York:Doubleday,1993,p.166.
[3]Gordon Campbell,Thomas N.Corns,John K.Hale,and Fiona J.Tweedie,Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana,Oxford University Press 2007,p.102.
[4]Richard H.Popkin,Scepticism and Irreligion in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries,Leiden:E.J.Brill,1993,p.73.
[1][德]卡尔·洛维特著:《从黑格尔到尼采》,李秋零译,北京:三联书店,第153页。
[2]C.A.Patrides.Milton and Christian Tradition,Oxford,1966,p.16.
[3]Adversus Praxeam,IX,Patr.l.ii.l64,转引自C.A.Patrides,Milton and Christian Tradition,Oxford,1966,p.22.
[1]希尔在弥尔顿的草稿中发现他摘抄了很多17世纪英国著名“赫尔墨斯主义”者罗伯特·弗拉德(Robert Fludd)的著作,并保留有他的著作复印本,同时在弥尔顿的学位论文《柏拉图的“理念”》(学士论文)中也有体现。Christopher HiU,Milton and the English Revolution,London:Faber and Faber,1977,p.326.另可参见耶茨(Yates)(1964)P.280;韩福德(Hartford)(1966)pp.61,106.
[2]Gordon Campbell,Thomas N.Corns,John K.Hale,and Fiona J.Tweedie,Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana,Oxford University Press 2007,p.101.
[1]Gordon Campbell,Thomas N.Corns,John K.Hale,and Fiona J.Tweedie,Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana,Oxford University Press 2007,p.l05.
[2]如亨特、帕特莱蒂斯、丹尼尔森、阿德蒙森等人都试图维护弥尔顿的基督教思想是正统基督教思想。(见William B.Hunter,C.A.Patrides and J.H.Adamson,Bright Essence;Studies in Milton's Theology,Salt Lake City:University of Utah Press,1971.)
[3]Gordon Campbell,Thomas N.Corns,John K.Hale,and Fiona J.Tweedie,Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana,Oxford University Press 2007,p.l05.
[4]Stephen B.Dobranski and John P.Rumrich eds.,Milton and Heresy,Cambridge University Press 1998.
[1]见[英]麦格拉思著:《基督教概论》,孙毅等译,北京:北京大学出版社,2003年,第213页。
[2]参见Frederick Copleston,.A History of Philosophy.Vol.1,"Greece and Rome:From the Pre-Socratics to Plotinus",New York:Doubleday,1993.
[3]Gordon Campbell,Thomas N.Corns,John K.Hale,and Fiona J.Tweedie.Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana,Oxford University Press 2007,p.108.
[1](伪)狄奥尼修斯(Dionysius the Areopagite)著:《神秘神学》,包利民译,北京:商务印书馆,2012年,第137页。
[1]Christopher Hill,Milton and the English Revolution,London;Faber and Faber,1977,p.326.
[2]实际上直到特伦托会议(The Council ofTrent,1565-1563),基督宗教中才有明确的针对“多偶制”的禁令。参见[德]白舍客著:《基督宗教伦理学》(第二卷),静也等译,雷立柏校,上海:华东师范大学出版社,2010年,第511页。
[3]Christopher Hill,Milton and the English Revolution,London:Faber and Faber,1977,p.137.
[1]Christopher Hill,Milton and the English Revolution,London:Faber and Faber,1977,p.137.
[2]Gordon Campbell,Thomas N.Corns,John K.Hale,and Fiona J.Tweedie,Milton and the Manuscript of De Doctrina Christiana,Oxford University Press 2007,p.120.
[1]R.Thompson,Women in Stuart England and America,Routledge and K.Paul,1974,p.22.
[2]Christopher Hill,Milton and the English Revolution,London:Faber and Faber,1977,p.139.
[3]John S.Tanner,“Milton and the Early Mormon Defense of Polygamy”,Milton Quarterly,Volume 21,Issue 2,pages 41-46,May 1987.
[1]Christopher Hill,Milton and the English Revolution,London:Faber and Faber,1977,p.337.