摘要
Rasfonin是一种α-吡喃酮类的真菌次级代谢产物,最初发现其能抑制小G蛋白ras而得名。车永胜教授课题组从青藏高原海拔4千多米的土壤样品中分离到真菌Doratomyces sp.,该菌的发现使获取rasfonin的效率大大提高。在之前的研究中,我们发现rasfonin能够诱导肾癌细胞自噬和凋亡的发生,然而其对另一种细胞死亡方式——程序性坏死的影响却未见报道,且rasfonin引起的三种程序性细胞死亡方式间的关系也不清楚。通过研究我们发现rasfonin能抑制多种肿瘤细胞的增殖,而程序性坏死的抑制剂necrostatin-1(Nec-1)能减少rasfonin引起的细胞活性丢失;流式细胞结果表明Nec-1能抑制rasfonin引起细胞凋亡和坏死,说明该化合物能促进细胞的程序性坏死。通过透射电镜,我们观察到rasfonin能迅速引起细胞囊泡结构的增加,而处理至12 h后,细胞会出现明显的坏死样形态特征。免疫印迹检测结果表明rasfonin能促进自噬标记蛋白微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)II的积累,同时伴有凋亡底物PARP-1切割的增加。Nec-1对rasfonin诱导的细胞自噬具有双向调节作用,敲降程序性坏死关键蛋白RIP1增加了rasfonin引起的细胞凋亡。另外我们发现,rasfonin能上调EGFR的磷酸化,激活MAPK信号通路;抑制EGFR/MAPK信号通路对该化合物引起的自噬、凋亡、程序性坏死均有影响。综上,rasfonin能够引起多种程序性细胞死亡,且不同死亡方式间存在着转换。
引文
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