摘要
The cancer drug delivery process is a cascade of five steps consisting of Circulation in blood,Accumulation and Penetration into the tumor, cellular Internalization and intracellular drug Release, or the CAPIR cascade. Thus, only if a nanomedicine efficiently goes through all the steps would it realize high therapeutic efficiency. The ability of a nanomedicine accomplishing the CAPIR steps is mainly determined by its three key nanoproperties, i.e., Size, Surface and Stability(3S nanoproperties), whose optima are different and even opposite in different steps. Thus, the utmost challenge in design of effective cancer nanomedicine is how to integrate and synchronize these incompatible 3S nanoproperties into one system. Here, we present a concept of active nanomedicine self-adapting to the CAPIR cascade steps. One example is a nanomedicine likened to a "cluster bomb" capable of releasing small p H-sensitive drug-carrying nanoparticles(bomblets). This cluster bomb-like nanocarrier synchronizes pegylation-to-depegylation, large-to-small size, and neutral-to-positive charge, stable-to-instable(i.e. 3S nanoproperty) transitions, essential for accomplishing the CAPIR cascade. Another example is the lipidic charge-reversal polyplexes for effective gene delivery.
The cancer drug delivery process is a cascade of five steps consisting of Circulation in blood,Accumulation and Penetration into the tumor, cellular Internalization and intracellular drug Release, or the CAPIR cascade. Thus, only if a nanomedicine efficiently goes through all the steps would it realize high therapeutic efficiency. The ability of a nanomedicine accomplishing the CAPIR steps is mainly determined by its three key nanoproperties, i.e., Size, Surface and Stability(3S nanoproperties), whose optima are different and even opposite in different steps. Thus, the utmost challenge in design of effective cancer nanomedicine is how to integrate and synchronize these incompatible 3S nanoproperties into one system. Here, we present a concept of active nanomedicine self-adapting to the CAPIR cascade steps. One example is a nanomedicine likened to a "cluster bomb" capable of releasing small p H-sensitive drug-carrying nanoparticles(bomblets). This cluster bomb-like nanocarrier synchronizes pegylation-to-depegylation, large-to-small size, and neutral-to-positive charge, stable-to-instable(i.e. 3S nanoproperty) transitions, essential for accomplishing the CAPIR cascade. Another example is the lipidic charge-reversal polyplexes for effective gene delivery.
引文
[1]X.Liu,J.Xiang,D.Zhu,L.Jiang,Z.Zhou,J.Tang,X.Liu,Y.Huang and Y.Shen*.Fusogenic Reactive Oxygen Species Triggered Charge-Reversal Vector for Effective Gene Delivery,2016,28,1743–1752.DOI:10.1002/adma.201504288.
[2]Q.Sun,X.Sun,X.Ma,Z.Zhou,E.Jin,B.Zhang,Y.Shen*,E.A.Van Kirk,W.J.Murdoch,J.R.Lott,T.P.Lodge,M.Radosz,Y.Zhao*,Integration of nanoassembly functions for an effective delivery cascade for cancer drugs,Advanced Materials 2014,26,7615-7621.
[3]Z.X.Zhou,X.P.Ma,C.J.Murphy,E.L Jin,Q.H.Sun,Y.Shen*,E.A.Van Kirk,W.J.Murdoch:Molecularly Precise Dendrimer-Drug Conjugates with Tunable Drug Release for Cancer Therapy.Angewandte Chemie-International Edition 2014,53(41):10949-10955.