电子烟概述及产业现状分析
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- 英文论文题名：Overview of electronic nicotine delivery system and the challenge analysis of their industrilization
- 论文作者：刘义波 ; 李峰 ; 胡静
- 英文论文作者：LIU Yibo ; LI Feng ; HU Jing ; Technology Center ; China Tobacco Guang Dong Industrial Co. ; Ltd
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：广东中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心;
- 论文关键词：电子烟 ; 特点 ; 结构组成 ; 气溶胶 ; 产业化现状 ; 建议
- 英文论文关键词：Electronic cigarettes ; characteristics ; structure components ; industrialization situations ; suggestion
- 会议召开时间：2016-12-01
- 会议录名称：中国烟草学会2016年度优秀论文汇编——烟草工业主题
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：TS458
- 学会代码：ZGYG
- 学会名称：中国烟草学会
- 页数：6
- 文件大小：1038k
- 原文格式：D
摘要
电子烟主要是利用低温雾化的方式将含有烟碱或者烟草提取物的烟液雾化出来并供人抽吸的装置,近几年来在欧美发达国家获得了较大普及,对传统烟草产生了一定的冲击。公众对电子烟认识有限,本文尝试对电子烟的发展历史、特点、结构组成以及其气溶胶的特性进行分析,探讨了电子烟产业化现状,最后提出了对电子烟应采取的态度和应对措施的建议。
Electronic cigarettes(E-cigs) are devices that can vaporize solution filled with nicotine or tobacco extracting and other chemicals to vapor in lower temperature which can be inhaled by people, and have achieved dramatical growth among the developed countries in Europe and America in the past decades, and so have a obvious shock to the conventional tobacco. However, the public show a little knowledge about them, the paper elaborates E-cigs comprehensively, including their development history, characteristics, structure components, and their product-vapor, discusses their industrialization situations, and in the end suggests that what attitude should be taken to E-cigs and some corresponding methods should be adopted to copy with E-cigs.
Electronic cigarettes(E-cigs) are devices that can vaporize solution filled with nicotine or tobacco extracting and other chemicals to vapor in lower temperature which can be inhaled by people, and have achieved dramatical growth among the developed countries in Europe and America in the past decades, and so have a obvious shock to the conventional tobacco. However, the public show a little knowledge about them, the paper elaborates E-cigs comprehensively, including their development history, characteristics, structure components, and their product-vapor, discusses their industrialization situations, and in the end suggests that what attitude should be taken to E-cigs and some corresponding methods should be adopted to copy with E-cigs.
引文
[1]Brown J,West R,Beard E,et al.Prevalence and characteristics of e-cigarette users in Great Britain:Findings from a general population survey of smokers[J].Addictive Behaviors,2014,39:1120–1125.
[2]Mcbride D L.E-Cigarette Use by Children Increasing[J].Journal of Pediatric Nursing,2014,29:92-93.
[3]Dockrell M,Morrison R,Bauld L,et al.e-Cigarettes:Prevalence and attitudes in great Britain[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,2013,15(10).
[4]Eissenberg T.Electronic nicotine delivery devices:ineffective nicotine delivery and craving suppression afte racute administration[J].Tobacco Control,2010,19(1):87–88.
[5]Etter J F,Bullen C,Flouris A D,et al.Electronic nicotine delivery systems:a research agenda[J].Tobacco Control,2011,20(3):243-248.
[6]Rodu B.The scientific foundation for tobacco harm reduction,2006-2011[J].Harm Reduction Journal,2011,8(19):1-22.
[7]Laugesen M.Safety report on the Ruyan e-cigarette cartridge and inhaled aerosol(pp.1-22).21 October 2008:http://healthnz.co.nz/Ruyan Cartridge Report21-Oct-08.
[8]张秀梅(编译).智能电子烟检测你的健康状况[N].烟悦网,2014-10-08:http://news.yanyue.cn/?viewnews-12613.
[9]Innokin与美国DNA芯片公司合作开发电子烟[N].烟草在线,2014-08-29:http://news.yanyue.cn/?viewnews-12316.
[10]电子烟生产商新奇产品设计[N].中国烟草科教网,2014-08-01:http://news.yanyue.cn/?viewnews-12046.
[11]刘艺.能接电话、会唱歌的电子烟[N].驱动之家,2014-02-21:http://news.yanyue.cn/?viewnews-10619.
[12]Kornfield R,Huang J,Vera L,et al.Rapidly increasing promotional expenditures for e-cigarettes[J].Tobacco Control,2014,0:1-2.
[13]Riker C A,Lee K,Darville A,et al.E-Cigarettes:Promise or Peril?[J].North Clinics of North America,2012,47:159-171.
[14]李保江.2013年世界烟草发展报告[N].东方烟草报,2014:1-11.
[15]Delman F.雾化器的安全性和发展趋势[EB/OL].电子烟在线,2014:http://www.cecmol.com/down/show.php?itemid=8
[16]Brown C J,Cheng J M.Electronic cigarettes:product characterisation and design considerations[J].Tobacco Control,2014,23:ii4–ii10.
[17]Kosmider L,Sobczak A,Fik M,et al.Carbonyl Compounds in electronic Cigarette vapors-effects of nicotine solvent and Battery Output voltage[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,May 15,2014:1-8.
[18]Dominicl.Palazzolo.Electronic cigarettes and vaping:a new challenge in clinical medicine and public health.Aliterature review[J].Frontiers in Public Health,2013,1(56):1-20.
[19]Mayer B.How much nicotine kills a human?Tracing back the generally accepted lethal dose to dubious self-experiments in the nineteenth century[J].Archives of Toxicology,2013,88:5-7.
[20]Britton J,Mcneill A.Nicotine regulation and tobacco harm reduction in the UK[J].Lancet,2013,381:1879-1880.
[21]Ra G.Electronic cigarettes:a new nicotine gateway?[J].J Adolesc Health,2013,52:135-136.
[22]修运强.一种电子模拟香烟雾化液:中国,CN200910310536.2[P],2008-03-26.
[23]Hutzler C,Paschke M,Kruschinski S,et al.Chemical hazards present in liquids and vapors of electronic cigarettes[J].Arch Toxicol,2014,88:1295-1308.
[24]吴以辉.美国电子烟行业巨变,口味为变革核心[N].雨果网,2014-07-17.http://www.cifnews.com/art icle/10101
[25]Zhang Y,Sumner W,Chen D-R.In Vitro Particle Size Distributions in Electronic and Conventional Cigarette Aerosols Suggest Comparable Deposition Patterns[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,2013,15(2):501-508.
[26]Borgerding M F,Bodnar J A,Chung H L,et al.Chemical and Biological Studies of a New Cigarette that Primarily Heats Tobacco.Part1.Chemical Composition of Mainstream Smoke[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,1997,36:169-182.
[27]Trtchounian A,Williams M,Talbot P.Conventional and electronic cigarettes(e-cigarettes)have different smoking characteristics[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,2010,12(9):905-912.
[28]Fuoco F C,Buonanno G,Stabile L,et al.Influential parameters on particle concentration and size distribution in the mainstream of e-cigarettes[J].Environmental Pollution,2014,184:523-529.
[29]Ingebrethsen B J,Cole S K,Alderman S L.Electronic cigarette aerosol particle size distribution measurements[J].Inhalation Toxicology,2012,24(14):976–984.
[30]沈光林,孔浩辉,李峰等.卷烟主流烟气气溶胶分布研究[J].中国烟草学报,2009,15(5):14-19.
[31]Schripp T,Markewitz D,Uhde E,et al.Does e-cigarette consumption cause passive vaping?[J].Indoor Air,2013,23:25-31.
[32]Goniewicz M L,Kuma T,Gawron M,et al.Nicotine Levels in Electronic Cigarettes[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,2013,15(1):158-166.
[33]Goniewicz M L,Hajek P,Mcrobbie H.Nicotine content of electronic cigarettes,its release in vapour and its consistency across batches:regulatory implications[J].Addiction,2013,109:500-507.
[34]Electronic Cigarettes(E-Cigarettes)[J].A Cancer Journal of Clinicians,2014,64(3):169-170.
[35]孔庆玲.因电子烟电池过热突然爆炸美国两处民宅失火[N].中国新闻网,2014-03-14:http://www.chinanews.com/gj/2014/2003-2004/5906210.shtml.
[36]李珊.电子烟爆炸烫伤脸崩掉牙(图)[N].华商报,2012-02-17:http://hsb.hsw.cn/2012-2002/2017/content_8260186.htm.
[37]Etter E-F,Z?ther E,Svensson S.Analysis of refill liquids for electronic cigarettes[J].Addiction,2013,108:1671–1679.
[38]Kim H-J,Shin H-S.Determination of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in replacementliquids of electronic cigarettes by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry[J].Journal of Chromatography A,2013,1291:48-55.
[39]Westenberger B J.Evaluation of e-cigarettes[J].St.Loui,MO:Department of Health and Human Services,Food and Drug Administration,Center for Drug Evaluation and Research,Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis,2009:1-9.
[40]Goniewicz M L,Knysak J,Michalgawron,et al.Levels of selected carcinogens and toxicants in vapour from electronic cigarettes[J].Tobacco Control,March 6,2013:1-8.
[41]Farsalinos K E,Spyrou A,Tsimopoulou K,et al.Nicotine absorption from electronic cigarette use:comparison between first and new-generation devices[J].Nature Scientific Reports,2014,4(4133):1-7.
[42]Laugesen M.Safety Report on the Ruyan®e-Cigarette and Inhaled Aerosol.Christchurch:Health New Zealand Ltd[EB/OL].2008-10-30.http://www.healthnz.co.nz/Ruyan Cartridge Report30-Oct-08.
[43]Williams M,Villarreal A,Bozhilov K,et al.Metal and silicate particles including nanoparticles are present in electronic cigarette cartomizer fluid and aerosol[J].Plos One,2013,8(3):1-11.
[44]Ohta K,Uchiyama S,Inaba Y,et al.Determination of carbonyl compounds generated from the electronic cigarette using coupled silica cartridges impregnated with hydroquinone and 2,4-dini-trophenylhydrazine[J].Bunseki Kagaku,2011,60:791-797.
[45]Davis B,Dang M,Kim J,et al.Nicotine concentrations in electronic cigarette refill and do-it-yourself fluids[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,May 26,2014:1-8.
[46]李保江.全球电子烟市场发展、主要争议和政府管制[J].中国烟草学报,2014,20(4):101-107.
[2]Mcbride D L.E-Cigarette Use by Children Increasing[J].Journal of Pediatric Nursing,2014,29:92-93.
[3]Dockrell M,Morrison R,Bauld L,et al.e-Cigarettes:Prevalence and attitudes in great Britain[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,2013,15(10).
[4]Eissenberg T.Electronic nicotine delivery devices:ineffective nicotine delivery and craving suppression afte racute administration[J].Tobacco Control,2010,19(1):87–88.
[5]Etter J F,Bullen C,Flouris A D,et al.Electronic nicotine delivery systems:a research agenda[J].Tobacco Control,2011,20(3):243-248.
[6]Rodu B.The scientific foundation for tobacco harm reduction,2006-2011[J].Harm Reduction Journal,2011,8(19):1-22.
[7]Laugesen M.Safety report on the Ruyan e-cigarette cartridge and inhaled aerosol(pp.1-22).21 October 2008:http://healthnz.co.nz/Ruyan Cartridge Report21-Oct-08.
[8]张秀梅(编译).智能电子烟检测你的健康状况[N].烟悦网,2014-10-08:http://news.yanyue.cn/?viewnews-12613.
[9]Innokin与美国DNA芯片公司合作开发电子烟[N].烟草在线,2014-08-29:http://news.yanyue.cn/?viewnews-12316.
[10]电子烟生产商新奇产品设计[N].中国烟草科教网,2014-08-01:http://news.yanyue.cn/?viewnews-12046.
[11]刘艺.能接电话、会唱歌的电子烟[N].驱动之家,2014-02-21:http://news.yanyue.cn/?viewnews-10619.
[12]Kornfield R,Huang J,Vera L,et al.Rapidly increasing promotional expenditures for e-cigarettes[J].Tobacco Control,2014,0:1-2.
[13]Riker C A,Lee K,Darville A,et al.E-Cigarettes:Promise or Peril?[J].North Clinics of North America,2012,47:159-171.
[14]李保江.2013年世界烟草发展报告[N].东方烟草报,2014:1-11.
[15]Delman F.雾化器的安全性和发展趋势[EB/OL].电子烟在线,2014:http://www.cecmol.com/down/show.php?itemid=8
[16]Brown C J,Cheng J M.Electronic cigarettes:product characterisation and design considerations[J].Tobacco Control,2014,23:ii4–ii10.
[17]Kosmider L,Sobczak A,Fik M,et al.Carbonyl Compounds in electronic Cigarette vapors-effects of nicotine solvent and Battery Output voltage[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,May 15,2014:1-8.
[18]Dominicl.Palazzolo.Electronic cigarettes and vaping:a new challenge in clinical medicine and public health.Aliterature review[J].Frontiers in Public Health,2013,1(56):1-20.
[19]Mayer B.How much nicotine kills a human?Tracing back the generally accepted lethal dose to dubious self-experiments in the nineteenth century[J].Archives of Toxicology,2013,88:5-7.
[20]Britton J,Mcneill A.Nicotine regulation and tobacco harm reduction in the UK[J].Lancet,2013,381:1879-1880.
[21]Ra G.Electronic cigarettes:a new nicotine gateway?[J].J Adolesc Health,2013,52:135-136.
[22]修运强.一种电子模拟香烟雾化液:中国,CN200910310536.2[P],2008-03-26.
[23]Hutzler C,Paschke M,Kruschinski S,et al.Chemical hazards present in liquids and vapors of electronic cigarettes[J].Arch Toxicol,2014,88:1295-1308.
[24]吴以辉.美国电子烟行业巨变,口味为变革核心[N].雨果网,2014-07-17.http://www.cifnews.com/art icle/10101
[25]Zhang Y,Sumner W,Chen D-R.In Vitro Particle Size Distributions in Electronic and Conventional Cigarette Aerosols Suggest Comparable Deposition Patterns[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,2013,15(2):501-508.
[26]Borgerding M F,Bodnar J A,Chung H L,et al.Chemical and Biological Studies of a New Cigarette that Primarily Heats Tobacco.Part1.Chemical Composition of Mainstream Smoke[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,1997,36:169-182.
[27]Trtchounian A,Williams M,Talbot P.Conventional and electronic cigarettes(e-cigarettes)have different smoking characteristics[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,2010,12(9):905-912.
[28]Fuoco F C,Buonanno G,Stabile L,et al.Influential parameters on particle concentration and size distribution in the mainstream of e-cigarettes[J].Environmental Pollution,2014,184:523-529.
[29]Ingebrethsen B J,Cole S K,Alderman S L.Electronic cigarette aerosol particle size distribution measurements[J].Inhalation Toxicology,2012,24(14):976–984.
[30]沈光林,孔浩辉,李峰等.卷烟主流烟气气溶胶分布研究[J].中国烟草学报,2009,15(5):14-19.
[31]Schripp T,Markewitz D,Uhde E,et al.Does e-cigarette consumption cause passive vaping?[J].Indoor Air,2013,23:25-31.
[32]Goniewicz M L,Kuma T,Gawron M,et al.Nicotine Levels in Electronic Cigarettes[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,2013,15(1):158-166.
[33]Goniewicz M L,Hajek P,Mcrobbie H.Nicotine content of electronic cigarettes,its release in vapour and its consistency across batches:regulatory implications[J].Addiction,2013,109:500-507.
[34]Electronic Cigarettes(E-Cigarettes)[J].A Cancer Journal of Clinicians,2014,64(3):169-170.
[35]孔庆玲.因电子烟电池过热突然爆炸美国两处民宅失火[N].中国新闻网,2014-03-14:http://www.chinanews.com/gj/2014/2003-2004/5906210.shtml.
[36]李珊.电子烟爆炸烫伤脸崩掉牙(图)[N].华商报,2012-02-17:http://hsb.hsw.cn/2012-2002/2017/content_8260186.htm.
[37]Etter E-F,Z?ther E,Svensson S.Analysis of refill liquids for electronic cigarettes[J].Addiction,2013,108:1671–1679.
[38]Kim H-J,Shin H-S.Determination of tobacco-specific nitrosamines in replacementliquids of electronic cigarettes by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry[J].Journal of Chromatography A,2013,1291:48-55.
[39]Westenberger B J.Evaluation of e-cigarettes[J].St.Loui,MO:Department of Health and Human Services,Food and Drug Administration,Center for Drug Evaluation and Research,Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis,2009:1-9.
[40]Goniewicz M L,Knysak J,Michalgawron,et al.Levels of selected carcinogens and toxicants in vapour from electronic cigarettes[J].Tobacco Control,March 6,2013:1-8.
[41]Farsalinos K E,Spyrou A,Tsimopoulou K,et al.Nicotine absorption from electronic cigarette use:comparison between first and new-generation devices[J].Nature Scientific Reports,2014,4(4133):1-7.
[42]Laugesen M.Safety Report on the Ruyan®e-Cigarette and Inhaled Aerosol.Christchurch:Health New Zealand Ltd[EB/OL].2008-10-30.http://www.healthnz.co.nz/Ruyan Cartridge Report30-Oct-08.
[43]Williams M,Villarreal A,Bozhilov K,et al.Metal and silicate particles including nanoparticles are present in electronic cigarette cartomizer fluid and aerosol[J].Plos One,2013,8(3):1-11.
[44]Ohta K,Uchiyama S,Inaba Y,et al.Determination of carbonyl compounds generated from the electronic cigarette using coupled silica cartridges impregnated with hydroquinone and 2,4-dini-trophenylhydrazine[J].Bunseki Kagaku,2011,60:791-797.
[45]Davis B,Dang M,Kim J,et al.Nicotine concentrations in electronic cigarette refill and do-it-yourself fluids[J].Nicotine&Tobacco Research,May 26,2014:1-8.
[46]李保江.全球电子烟市场发展、主要争议和政府管制[J].中国烟草学报,2014,20(4):101-107.