低自尊个体注意偏向特点及干预
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- 英文论文题名：The Characteristics and Intervention of Low Self-esteem Individuals
- 论文作者：张丽华 ; 刘方英 ; 刘婕 ; 陶艳
- 英文论文作者：Zhang Lihua ; Liu Fangying ; Liu Jie ; Tao Yan ; School of Psychological Science ; Liaoning Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：辽宁师范大学心理学院;
- 论文关键词：自尊 ; 注意偏向 ; 注意训练
- 英文论文关键词：self-esteem ; attention bias ; attention training
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842.3
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：794k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
近年来自尊研究的一个热点问题是如何对低自尊个体进行有效的干预。以往研究表明拥有高水平的自尊是个体心理健康的重要标志。对某类刺激存在注意偏向是很多心理疾病的一个共同表现。注意训练是通过采用一系列系统化的操作程序对存在注意偏向的个体进行纠正,是一种新兴的对各种心理疾病进行干预的有效方法。已有研究表明低自尊个体对消极词尤其是拒绝词均存在着注意偏向。因此探究注意训练能否有效的对低自尊个体进行干预很有必要。目的:探究注意训练对低自尊个体注意偏向的影响。方法:采用Rosenberg自尊量表对辽宁师范大学400名大学生进行问卷调查,选出得分最低的前27%作为实验被试;采用实验法探究注意训练能否对低自尊个体进行有效的干预。实验研究分为两个部分:研究一采用改版的点-探测任务探究低自尊个体对消极触及自尊词是否存在注意偏向;研究二采用点-探测任务对低自尊个体进行注意训练。探究注意训练能否改变低自尊个体对注意资源的分配模式,并对这种改变的机制做进一步的分析。结果:研究一的结果表明,低自尊被试对消极触及自尊词存在着注意偏向,其机制是对消极触及自尊词的注意解脱困难;研究二的结果表明,注意训练前实验组和对照组的注意偏向分数没有显著差异(t=0.263,p>0.05)。注意训练后实验组被试对消极触及自尊词的注意偏向分数显著下降(F=6.77,p<0.05);注意训练后实验组被试对消极触及自尊词的注意解脱分数显著下降(F=5.75,P<0.05)。结论:(1)低自尊个体对消极触及自尊词存在注意偏好,表现为低自尊个体不能够很快的将注意力从消极评价词转移到其他刺激上。(2)通过注意训练低自尊个体增强了对消极触及自尊词的解除能力。
The most important thing for self-esteem current research is to improve low self-esteem individuals' mental health. Self-esteem is closely related to individual's mental health. The one who has high level of self-esteem tends to be healthier. Attention bias is a common phenomenon of many psychological diseases. Attention training is an operating program which is used to improve individual's allocation of attention resources. Attention training is an effective method to intervention various mental illnesses. Low self-esteem individual has attention bias to rejection information. So it is necessary to prove whether attention training could help low self-esteem individuals. Objective: To explore whether attention training can help low self-esteem individuals. Method: The Rosenberg self-esteem scale was used to measure 400 Liaoning Normal University students' self-esteem and the top 27% lowest scored students were selected as subjects; Experimental method was used to explore the effect of attention training on low self-esteem individuals. This research was divided into two parts: In the first research revised dot-probe paradigm was used to explore attention bias of low self-esteem individuals. In the second research dot-probe paradigm was used to explore whether attention training could change one's attention resource allocation. This study not only pays attention to the change of attention resource allocation but also furthers explore the mechanism of this change. Result: The first research results showed that low self-esteem subjects had attention bias to negative self-esteem related words. The mechanism of low self-esteem attention bias was it's hard for subjects to transfer attention from negative self-esteem related words; Second research results showed there was no significant different between experimental group and control group's attention bias score before attention training(t=0.263, p>0.05). The experimental group's attention bias score had a significantly decline after attention training(F=6.77, p<0.05). The experimental group's score of ability to disengage from negative stimuli had a significantly decline after attention training(F=5.75, p<0.05). Conclusion:(1) Low self-esteem individual showed attention bias to negative self-esteem related words. The mechanism of low self-esteem attention bias was it's hard to transfer attention from negative self-esteem related words.(2)Attention training could improve low self-esteem individuals' ability to disengage from negative information.
The most important thing for self-esteem current research is to improve low self-esteem individuals' mental health. Self-esteem is closely related to individual's mental health. The one who has high level of self-esteem tends to be healthier. Attention bias is a common phenomenon of many psychological diseases. Attention training is an operating program which is used to improve individual's allocation of attention resources. Attention training is an effective method to intervention various mental illnesses. Low self-esteem individual has attention bias to rejection information. So it is necessary to prove whether attention training could help low self-esteem individuals. Objective: To explore whether attention training can help low self-esteem individuals. Method: The Rosenberg self-esteem scale was used to measure 400 Liaoning Normal University students' self-esteem and the top 27% lowest scored students were selected as subjects; Experimental method was used to explore the effect of attention training on low self-esteem individuals. This research was divided into two parts: In the first research revised dot-probe paradigm was used to explore attention bias of low self-esteem individuals. In the second research dot-probe paradigm was used to explore whether attention training could change one's attention resource allocation. This study not only pays attention to the change of attention resource allocation but also furthers explore the mechanism of this change. Result: The first research results showed that low self-esteem subjects had attention bias to negative self-esteem related words. The mechanism of low self-esteem attention bias was it's hard for subjects to transfer attention from negative self-esteem related words; Second research results showed there was no significant different between experimental group and control group's attention bias score before attention training(t=0.263, p>0.05). The experimental group's attention bias score had a significantly decline after attention training(F=6.77, p<0.05). The experimental group's score of ability to disengage from negative stimuli had a significantly decline after attention training(F=5.75, p<0.05). Conclusion:(1) Low self-esteem individual showed attention bias to negative self-esteem related words. The mechanism of low self-esteem attention bias was it's hard to transfer attention from negative self-esteem related words.(2)Attention training could improve low self-esteem individuals' ability to disengage from negative information.
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