核素~(134)Cs在北太平洋公海典型渔场的分布研究与评价
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摘要
利用201 1-2012年连续两年在北太平公海渔场采集的典型鱼类样品,采用高纯锗(High Purity Germanium,HPGe)无源效率刻度γ谱仪进行检测,发现在所有的样品都检测出来放射性核素~(134)Cs。运用分类和分组织器官等处理方法,进行对照分析发现:201 1年,~(134)Cs核素含量最高是在155°5′E、42°10′N的站位,高达4.925Bq/kg;最低的是在132°44′E、39°51′N的日本海海域站位,核素比活度未超过本底值水平。在北太平洋公海海域~(134)Cs核素含量整体上呈从南到北逐渐降低的分布状态;2012年,~(134)Cs核素含量最高的是在155°58′E、43°34′N位置,达到0.159 Bq/kg;最低还是在日本海海域131°47′E,36°50′N站位,在北太平洋公海海域~(134)Cs核素含量呈现由西到东逐渐升高的分布趋势。从两年柔鱼的不同组织部位的含量分布情况来看,内脏富集的核素~(134)Cs含量最高,头部的核素含量较低。根据目前风险评价显示,目前北太平洋公海渔场~(134)Cs核素浓度含量及其辐射增量都处于环境安全浓度限值之内。
引文
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[28]Qiao FangLi,Wang GuanSuo,Zhao Wei,et al.Predicting the spread of nuclear radiation from the damaged Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant[J].Chinese Science Bulletion,June 2011 Vol.56 No.18:1890-1896.
[2]王尧耕,陈新军.世界大洋性经济柔鱼类资源及其渔业[M].北京:海洋出版社,2004:1-95.
[3]董正之.世界大洋经济头足类生物学[M].济南:山东科学技术出版社,1991:82-88.
[4]Yatsu A,Watanabe T.Interannual variability in neon flying squid abundance and oceanographic conditions in the Central North Pacific Ocean,1982-1992.Tokyo:Bull Natl Res Inst Farseas Fish.1996,33:123-138.
[5]Fan Wei,Wu Yumei,Cui Xuesen.The study on fishing ground of neon flying squid,Ommastrephes bartramii,and ocean environment based on remote sensing data in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2009,27(2):408-414.
[6]蔡福龙.放射性污染与海洋生物[M].北京:海洋出版社,1983:94-113.
[7]Du Jinzhou,Huang Dekun.A comment on"Measurement of the radioactivity of 238U,226Ra,210Pb,228Th,232Th,228Ra,Cs-137 and 40K in tea using gamma-spectrometry"by S.Harb,Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry.Radioanal.Nucl.Chem,2008,1:278-274.
[8]史建君.放射性核素对生态环境的影响[J].核农学报,2011,25(2):397-403.
[9]陈传群,徐寅良,张勤争,等.水生植物对134Cs的吸收[J].核农学报,1990,4(3):139-144.
[10]环境保护部.国家污染物环境健康风险名录——物理分册.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2012.
[11]刘广山.海洋放射性监测技术—现在与未来[J].核化学和放射化学,2012,34(2):65-73.
[12]Wu Men,He Jianhua,Wang Fenfen,et al.Radioactive status of seawater in the northwest Pacific more than one year after the Fukushima nuclear accident[J].Scientific Reports,2015,5:7757-7757.
[13]唐峰华,王锦龙,刘丹彤,等.日本福岛核泄漏典型人工放射性核素在北太平洋柔鱼渔场的分布[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(10):2066-2071.
[14]吴云峰,杜金洲,黄德坤,等.IAEA国际比对样品的γ谱分析[J].核化学与放射化学,2009,31(3):157-162.
[15]许家昂,朱建国,陈英民,等.生物样品137CsT能谱测定结果[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2006,26(4):391-395.
[16]徐虹霓,于涛.日本福岛核事故后海洋生物放射性监测与生态风险评价进展[A].2015年中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集[C],2015:1824-1835.
[17]Larsson C M.An overview of the ERICA Integrated Approach to the assessment and management of environmental from ionizing contaminants[J].Journal of Environment al Radioactivity,2008,99:1364-1370.
[18]盛黎,周斌,孙明华,等.Et本福岛核事故对我国辐射环境影响的监测与分析[J].2013,气象,39(11):1490-1499.
[19]王治海,付宏忠,廖俊.山东省应对福岛核事故应急监测[J].中国辐射卫生,2014,23(4):352-354.
[20]Wu J,Zhou K,and Dai M.Impacts of the Fukushima nuclear accident on the China Seas:Evaluation based on anthropogenic radionuclide 137Cs[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2013,58(4/5):552-558.
[21]武权,刘庆芬,张晓东,等.我国食品中放射性核素含量与限制标准[J].癌变·畸变·突变,2012,24(6):470-473.
[22]Wu Quan,Lliu Qin-feng,Zhang Xiaodong,et al.The radionuclide content and limit standard in the food in our Schiermeier Q.Radiation release will hit marine life[J].Nature,2011,472(7342):145-146.
[23]Buesseler KO,Jayne SR,Fisher NS,et al.Fukushima-derived radionuclides in the ocean and biota off Japan[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2012,109:5984-5988.
[24]Whicker.And now Fukushima[J].Radiol Prot,2011,31(2):167-176.
[25]Schiermeier Q.Radiation release will hit marine life.Nature,2011,472(7342):145-146.
[26]Akashi M.Japan's challenges:concerning the domestic and international implications of TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station[DB/OL].(2011-05-17)[2012-04-13]http://www.nirs.go.jp/data/pdf/WHO_PresenVer3.pdf
[27]郭皓,杜金秋.海洋核污染与核素迁移[J].海洋开发与管理,2014,7:83-86.
[28]Qiao FangLi,Wang GuanSuo,Zhao Wei,et al.Predicting the spread of nuclear radiation from the damaged Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant[J].Chinese Science Bulletion,June 2011 Vol.56 No.18:1890-1896.