特定水土保持劃定補償效益探討——以臺灣台東三區為例
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- 英文论文题名：Study on indemnifying benefit analysis of designated specific zone for soil and water conservation prevention——A case study on Taitung county in eastern Taiwan
- 论文作者：陳淑慈 ; 許中立
- 英文论文作者：Shu-Tzu Chen ; Chung-Li Hsu ; Department of Civil Engineering ; Pingtung University of Science & Technology ; Department of Soil & Water Conservation ; Pingtung University of Science & Technology
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：屏東科技大學土木工程系;屏東科技大學水土保持系;
- 论文关键词：臺灣水土保持法 ; 特定水土保持區 ; 外部性 ; 外部效應
- 英文论文关键词：rule of soil and water conservation in Taiwan ; specific zone for soil and water conservation prevention ; externality ; indemnifying benefit
- 会议召开时间：2015-09-01
- 会议录名称：2015海峡两岸水土保持学术研讨会论文集（上）
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of Cross-strait Symposium on Soil and Water Conservation 2015
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：S157
- 学会代码：OGSJ
- 会议名称：2015海峡两岸水土保持学术研讨会
- 会议地点：中国山西太原
- 主办单位：中国水土保持学会、台湾中华水土保持学会
- 学会名称：中国水土保持学会
- 页数：15
- 文件大小：5828k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
依據水土保持法特定水土保持區的劃定是為保護山坡地、地質敏感區及水源地等敏感環境,主管機關訂定法規針對亟須保護、保育的土地劃定特別區域,嚴格限制破壞情形或全面禁止任何開發行為,是目前相關管制法令中最為嚴格者。然而民眾意識覺醒,經劃定特定水土保持區後其區內禁止任何開發行為,卻又無任何補償措施,易造成民眾反彈,因此臺灣自1996年公告劃定與廢止準則以來僅劃定了73區。特定水土保持區亦是目前少數具有天然災害風險管理精神之法定區域,但不管是地方行政機關或者是一般民眾,往往並未完全認識災害管理之精神,也增加了特定水土保持區劃定工作的困難度。政府在推行特定水土保特區的劃定過程中,因限制了居民開發行為,常引起當地民眾的反彈或抗爭。若政府強制繼續執行,必須付出額外的執行成本或無經費給予補償,如此很可能得不到地方民眾支持,所以大多采暫緩執行的策略,但在這期間若有災害發生,政府就必須付出更多災後整治和其他相關社會成本,如此情況正是經濟學之外部性問題。本文嘗試以經濟學中之外部性理論針對這些問題加以討論,並依據外部效果內部化的方式,評估相關的補償效應,以降低未來政府在劃定特定水土保持區時所要付出之執行成本。
Since the mapping and repeal act of designated specific zone for soil and water conservation prevention had promulgated on March 25,1996,government had completed the investigation and proposition of reservoir watershed,debris flow and landslide areas continuously.The policy of designated specific zone for soil and water conservation prevention mapping projects restricts the rights of excessive land use,it causes lots of inextricable problem in promoting the policy.Besides,the designated specific zones for soil and water conservation prevention are one of a few statutory areas with the concept of nature disaster risk management in Taiwan.The executive offices or locals usually can't recognize the essential policy,which consequently increases the difficulty in its implementation.This research also illustrated the new strategies and proposed future directions of this policy.The measures of restriction often cause the inhabitants of the area to against and disobey.By the way,government had to afford the extra cost of execution to eliminate the inhabitants' resistance.Unfortunately,the result is always more and more fighting from residents and makes the government stops the related measures.If there are some disasters happening in this period,government eventually must pay more money and other related social costs to remedy the destruction from disasters.That is what we talking about the externality theory in the economics.The essay adopts the externality theory in the economics to discuss it and according to the method of solving externality problem to establish related indemnifying benefit measures.To see the government whether reduces the costs of defining the boundary of a hazard potency of debris flow.
Since the mapping and repeal act of designated specific zone for soil and water conservation prevention had promulgated on March 25,1996,government had completed the investigation and proposition of reservoir watershed,debris flow and landslide areas continuously.The policy of designated specific zone for soil and water conservation prevention mapping projects restricts the rights of excessive land use,it causes lots of inextricable problem in promoting the policy.Besides,the designated specific zones for soil and water conservation prevention are one of a few statutory areas with the concept of nature disaster risk management in Taiwan.The executive offices or locals usually can't recognize the essential policy,which consequently increases the difficulty in its implementation.This research also illustrated the new strategies and proposed future directions of this policy.The measures of restriction often cause the inhabitants of the area to against and disobey.By the way,government had to afford the extra cost of execution to eliminate the inhabitants' resistance.Unfortunately,the result is always more and more fighting from residents and makes the government stops the related measures.If there are some disasters happening in this period,government eventually must pay more money and other related social costs to remedy the destruction from disasters.That is what we talking about the externality theory in the economics.The essay adopts the externality theory in the economics to discuss it and according to the method of solving externality problem to establish related indemnifying benefit measures.To see the government whether reduces the costs of defining the boundary of a hazard potency of debris flow.
引文
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[13]臺灣坡地防災學會.臺東縣太麻里鄉華源村東-32土石流特定水土保持區劃出之檢討評估及廢止計畫[D].臺東縣政府委託計畫報告書.2015
[14]臺灣坡地防災學會.臺東縣延平鄉桃源村東-90土石流特定水土保持區劃出之檢討評估及廢止計畫[D].臺東縣政府委託計畫報告書,2015
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[2]「行政院農委會水土保持局」.水土保持手册[D].2006
[3]「行政院農業委員會水土保持局」.坡地保育信息.http://www.swcb.gov.tw/form/index.asp?m1=12&m2=236,2006
[4]「行政院農業委員會水土保持局」.水土保持相關法規.http://www.swcb,gov.tw/class2/index.asp?ct=laws-mmn&m1:10&m2:55,2012
[5]周惠文.特定水土保持區劃定之外部效益分析[D].國立屏東科技大學森林系碩士論文,1997
[6]柯勇全.陳樹群.特定水土保持區劃定之過去現在與未來[J].中華水土保持學報,2009,35(2):165-175
[7]夏維良.土地使用限制回饋行為之研究—以制度授權觀點為基礎[D].國立臺北大學不動產城鄉環境學系碩士論文,2002
[8]張清溪,許嘉棟,劉鶯釧,吳聰敏.經濟學[M].三民書局,2002
[9]許中立,黃文仁,周惠文,林潤榮.土石流特定水土保持劃定補償效益之探討[J].臺灣坡地防災學報,2006,5(2):39-58
[10]傅祖壇,簡資修.臺灣山坡地管理之制度經濟屑面探討[J].臺灣銀行季刊,1995,46(3):252-270
[11]詹錢登.土石流危險度之評估與預測[J].中華水土保持學報,1994,25(2):95-102
[12]臺灣坡地防災學會.臺東縣成功鎮忠孝里東-05土石流特定水土保持區劃出之檢討評估及廢止計畫[D].臺東縣政府委託計畫報告書,2014
[13]臺灣坡地防災學會.臺東縣太麻里鄉華源村東-32土石流特定水土保持區劃出之檢討評估及廢止計畫[D].臺東縣政府委託計畫報告書.2015
[14]臺灣坡地防災學會.臺東縣延平鄉桃源村東-90土石流特定水土保持區劃出之檢討評估及廢止計畫[D].臺東縣政府委託計畫報告書,2015
[15]劉格非,李欣輯。外部性理論于「土石流特定水土保持區'劃定之應用[J].國立臺灣大學台大工程學刊,2004,92::105-118
[16]顏秀峰,蘇正炎.特定水土保持區劃定之法規探討[M].1998中日奥土石流危險區劃定研習會論文集,1998,6:1-16