Impact of Releasing Wastewater of Sugar Industries into Drainage System of LBOD,Sindh,Pakistan
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- 英文论文题名：Impact of Releasing Wastewater of Sugar Industries into Drainage System of LBOD,Sindh,Pakistan
- 论文作者：Abdul Latif Qureshi ; Ali Asghar Mahessar ; Muhammad Ehsan-Ul-Haq Leghari ; Bakhshal Khan Lashari ; Fateh Muhammad Mari
- 英文论文作者：Abdul Latif Qureshi ; Ali Asghar Mahessar ; Muhammad Ehsan-Ul-Haq Leghari ; Bakhshal Khan Lashari ; Fateh Muhammad Mari ; the Institute of Water Resources Engineering and Management(IWREM) ; Mehran University Engineering & Technology ; the Environmental Management Unit ; Sindh Irrigation and Drainage Authority ; Sindh Irrigation & Drainage Authority ; IWREM ; Mehran University of Engg.&Tech. ; Sindh Water Sector Improvement Project
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：the Institute of Water Resources Engineering and Management(IWREM),Mehran University Engineering & Technology;the Environmental Management Unit,Sindh Irrigation and Drainage Authority;Sindh Irrigation & Drainage Authority;IWREM,Mehran University of Engg.&Tech.;Sindh Water Sector Improvement Project;
- 英文论文关键词：LBOD catchment area ; sugar industries ; untreated effluent and wastewater disposal
- 会议召开时间：2015-05-01
- 会议录名称：International Journal of Environmental Science and Development Vol.6 No.5
- 语种：英文
- 分类号：X792
- 学会代码：CDYA
- 学会名称：成都亚昂教育咨询有限公司
- 页数：6
- 文件大小：1777k
- 原文格式：D
摘要
Sugar factories are supporting national economy as these are playing key role for development of socio-economic sectors of a country. The main product of Sugar industries is white sugar and by products are alcohol, ethanol, liquid carbon dioxide and household textiles. However, industries are generating effluents during cane crushing and distillery operation; which is hazardous, damaging and degrading the environmental eco-system. Sugar industries were established in the catchment area of Left bank outfall drain(LBOD) system. The untreated effluent generated from these Sugar mills is released into drainage system through network of LBOD system in lower part of Sindh province of Pakistan. The effluent generated is mostly organic having small quantum of in-organic material. Estimated wastes are Sulphur dioxide, hydrochloric acid, lead, fly-ash and dust, plant and workforce sewage, process waste which comprised of bagass, molasses, filter mud and grease oil from various sources of plant. The pollution level of effluents was evaluated against the National Environmental quality standard(NEQS) recommended level as well as with World Health Organization(WHO) level.
Sugar factories are supporting national economy as these are playing key role for development of socio-economic sectors of a country. The main product of Sugar industries is white sugar and by products are alcohol, ethanol, liquid carbon dioxide and household textiles. However, industries are generating effluents during cane crushing and distillery operation; which is hazardous, damaging and degrading the environmental eco-system. Sugar industries were established in the catchment area of Left bank outfall drain(LBOD) system. The untreated effluent generated from these Sugar mills is released into drainage system through network of LBOD system in lower part of Sindh province of Pakistan. The effluent generated is mostly organic having small quantum of in-organic material. Estimated wastes are Sulphur dioxide, hydrochloric acid, lead, fly-ash and dust, plant and workforce sewage, process waste which comprised of bagass, molasses, filter mud and grease oil from various sources of plant. The pollution level of effluents was evaluated against the National Environmental quality standard(NEQS) recommended level as well as with World Health Organization(WHO) level.
Sugar factories are supporting national economy as these are playing key role for development of socio-economic sectors of a country. The main product of Sugar industries is white sugar and by products are alcohol, ethanol, liquid carbon dioxide and household textiles. However, industries are generating effluents during cane crushing and distillery operation; which is hazardous, damaging and degrading the environmental eco-system. Sugar industries were established in the catchment area of Left bank outfall drain(LBOD) system. The untreated effluent generated from these Sugar mills is released into drainage system through network of LBOD system in lower part of Sindh province of Pakistan. The effluent generated is mostly organic having small quantum of in-organic material. Estimated wastes are Sulphur dioxide, hydrochloric acid, lead, fly-ash and dust, plant and workforce sewage, process waste which comprised of bagass, molasses, filter mud and grease oil from various sources of plant. The pollution level of effluents was evaluated against the National Environmental quality standard(NEQS) recommended level as well as with World Health Organization(WHO) level.
引文
[1]K.A.Onsdorff,“What the Weitzenhoff Court got wrong?”Journal Water Environment Law and Practice,vol.4,no.1,pp.14-18,1996.
[2]United Nations-Water.(2009).World Water Day brochure.[Online].Available:http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/downloads/wwd09brochureen LOW.pdf
[3]UN WWAP,“United Nations World Water Assessment Programme,”The World Water Development Report 1:Water for People-Water for Life,UNESCO:Paris,France,2003.
[4]Bevan,“The disposal of sugar mills effluents in Queenslan d,”in 40t h Pro c.th e T.S.S.C.T.,Louisinia,October-November 1971,pp.1508-1516.
[5]Hendrickson,“New sugar factory waste and their contro l,”in 40th Pro c.th e T.S.S.C.T.,Louisinia,Octobe r–November 1971,pp.1552-1559.
[6]A.N.Moses,N.N.Destaings,N.E.Masinde,and J.B.Miima,“Effluent discharge by Mumias Sugar Company in Kenya:An empirical investigation of the pollution of River Nzoia Sacha,”Journal Environmental Studies,vol.1,pp.1-30,2010.
[7]M.C.Agale,N.G.Patel,and A.G.Patil,“Impact of sugar industry effluents on the quality of groundwater from Dahiwad village,District Dhule(M.S.),”Archives of Applied Science Research,vol.5,no.2,pp.58-60,2013.
[8]SIDA Report,“Environmental impact assessment,”Regional Plan for left Bank of Indus,Delta and Coastal Zone,Sindh Irrigation and Drainage Authority,Hyderabad,Sindh,Pakistan,2013.
[9]WHO,Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality,vol.1,Geneva,2004.
[10]M.A.Nadia and M.A.Khawaja,Study on Effluents from Selected Sugar Mills in Pakistan:Potential Environmental,Health,and Economic Consequences of an Excessive Pollution Load,Sustainable Development Policy Institute(SDPI),Islamabad,Pakistan,2006.
[11]The Nation Karachi.(November 21,2012).Industrial discharge playing havoc with lives,ecosystem,The Nation.Karachi,Pakistan.[Online].Available:http://www.nation.com.pk/karachi/21-Nov-2012/industrial-dischargeplaying-havoc-with-lives-ecosystem
[12]S.A.Junejo,Groundwater Quality in Sindh,Indus Institute for Research and Education(IIRE)Research Report,2012.
[13]PEPA,The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act,The Gazette of Pakistan,Islamabad,no.XXXIV,December 6,1997.
[14]Sindh Water Management Ordinance,Reforms and Legal Documents,IRC,Sindh Irrigation and Drainage Authority,Hyderabad,Pakistan,2002.
[2]United Nations-Water.(2009).World Water Day brochure.[Online].Available:http://www.unwater.org/worldwaterday/downloads/wwd09brochureen LOW.pdf
[3]UN WWAP,“United Nations World Water Assessment Programme,”The World Water Development Report 1:Water for People-Water for Life,UNESCO:Paris,France,2003.
[4]Bevan,“The disposal of sugar mills effluents in Queenslan d,”in 40t h Pro c.th e T.S.S.C.T.,Louisinia,October-November 1971,pp.1508-1516.
[5]Hendrickson,“New sugar factory waste and their contro l,”in 40th Pro c.th e T.S.S.C.T.,Louisinia,Octobe r–November 1971,pp.1552-1559.
[6]A.N.Moses,N.N.Destaings,N.E.Masinde,and J.B.Miima,“Effluent discharge by Mumias Sugar Company in Kenya:An empirical investigation of the pollution of River Nzoia Sacha,”Journal Environmental Studies,vol.1,pp.1-30,2010.
[7]M.C.Agale,N.G.Patel,and A.G.Patil,“Impact of sugar industry effluents on the quality of groundwater from Dahiwad village,District Dhule(M.S.),”Archives of Applied Science Research,vol.5,no.2,pp.58-60,2013.
[8]SIDA Report,“Environmental impact assessment,”Regional Plan for left Bank of Indus,Delta and Coastal Zone,Sindh Irrigation and Drainage Authority,Hyderabad,Sindh,Pakistan,2013.
[9]WHO,Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality,vol.1,Geneva,2004.
[10]M.A.Nadia and M.A.Khawaja,Study on Effluents from Selected Sugar Mills in Pakistan:Potential Environmental,Health,and Economic Consequences of an Excessive Pollution Load,Sustainable Development Policy Institute(SDPI),Islamabad,Pakistan,2006.
[11]The Nation Karachi.(November 21,2012).Industrial discharge playing havoc with lives,ecosystem,The Nation.Karachi,Pakistan.[Online].Available:http://www.nation.com.pk/karachi/21-Nov-2012/industrial-dischargeplaying-havoc-with-lives-ecosystem
[12]S.A.Junejo,Groundwater Quality in Sindh,Indus Institute for Research and Education(IIRE)Research Report,2012.
[13]PEPA,The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act,The Gazette of Pakistan,Islamabad,no.XXXIV,December 6,1997.
[14]Sindh Water Management Ordinance,Reforms and Legal Documents,IRC,Sindh Irrigation and Drainage Authority,Hyderabad,Pakistan,2002.