探测任务中自动加工面孔表情神经机制的ERP研究
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- 英文论文题名：Neural correlates of automatic processing of facial expression in a detection task:An ERP study
- 论文作者：任杰 ; 刘田田 ; 张明明 ; 罗文波
- 英文论文作者：Ren Jie ; Liu Tiantian ; Zhang Mingming ; Luo Wenbo ; Faculty of Educational Science ; Minnan Normal University ; Laboratory of Cognition and Mental Health ; Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences ; Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience ; Liaoning Normal University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：闽南师范大学教育科学学院;重庆文理学院认知与心理健康实验室;辽宁师范大学脑与认知神经科学研究中心;
- 论文关键词：自动的 ; 三阶段面孔表情加工 ; P1 ; N170 ; LPP
- 英文论文关键词：automatic ; three-stage facial expression processing ; P1 ; N170 ; LPP
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B845.1
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：3
- 文件大小：794k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
人们可以快速地识别面孔,尤其是其情绪性信息——面孔表情,甚至会早于对面孔的整体理解。以往有不少研究探讨了这种快速加工的特征,但是关于这个过程当中自动化的神经机制,即如何自动地加工这些面孔表情目前尚不太清楚。本研究关注在目标探测(仅有无)的任务下,而不是情绪面孔区分任务下,面孔表情自动加工的时间进程。采用事件相关电位(ERP)的方法,我们以快速序列视觉呈现(RSVP)的实验范式考察P1,VPP和LPP这三个ERP成分在面孔表情双任务中的效应。双任务指的是在每一试次中图片系列呈现的末尾,我们要求观察者确认房子的方向,以及报告面孔图像是否在刚刚的序列中出现过。但我们仅记录观察者在延迟2也就是面孔是否呈现那个位置的,处理愉快、恐惧、和中性表情的电生理指标(N=16,男性和女性数量相同)。结果发现,情绪面孔图片诱发的头皮活动出现了这三个我们感兴趣的成分的效应:P1波幅在情绪类型上没有显著的主效应;然而愉快表情(-4.09μV,P=0.002)和恐惧表情(-3.85μV,P=0.010)比中性表情(-3.09μV)诱发了更大的N170波幅。接下来三种表情诱发了显著不同的LPP波幅(恐惧>愉快>中性)。P1的威胁优先原则在我们实验中没有出现来,情绪类型没导致P1出现差异,并直接进入下个阶段,发现情绪性表情(恐惧,愉快)能够诱发更大的N170振幅。LPP的差异反映了自动区别性注意情绪性面孔刺激,以及完整区分观察者面孔这样更高级的认知任务。结果可能表明,人类的大脑不仅在早期就开始自动处理情绪信息,相对较晚期也是可以在一定程度上对目标的情绪性信息继续自动处理的。
Faces can be recognized rapidly. Especially in the emotional information, facial expression, are processed even earlier than the overall understanding of the face. But how these facial expressions could be processed as measured by automaticity is not very clear. The present study examined the time-course of automatic processing of facial expression in a target search task. We employed an event-related potential(ERP) rapid serial visual presentation(RSVP) paradigm in which the effect of facial expression on P1, VPP and LPP were measured in the dual task mode. Dual task arised in the end of the picture series that observers were required to confirm the orientation of the house image and to report whether the face image was presented. Electrophysiological correlates of processing happy, fear, and neutral expressions in lag2 were recorded in a group of paid observers(N = 16, equally for men and women). The scalp activity elicited by emotional face images was found for these three components: P1 amplitudes did not show any significant main effect at emotional types. While happy expressions(-4.09 μV, P = 0.002) and fearful expressions(-3.85 μV, P = 0.010) elicited larger N170 amplitudes than neutral expressions(-3.09 μV). Then three facial expressions elicited significantly different LPP amplitudes(fear>happy> neutral). The threatening priority was absent for P1, and it did not show main effect of the emotional types, and it came into the second stages directly as the larger N170 amplitudes were found for emotional facial expressions. The amplitude of LPP differences reflected the automatic increase in attention to emotional face stimuli and complete discrimination of faces for observers. The results may indicate that the human brain can process emotion information automatically and elaborately in a relatively later stage.
Faces can be recognized rapidly. Especially in the emotional information, facial expression, are processed even earlier than the overall understanding of the face. But how these facial expressions could be processed as measured by automaticity is not very clear. The present study examined the time-course of automatic processing of facial expression in a target search task. We employed an event-related potential(ERP) rapid serial visual presentation(RSVP) paradigm in which the effect of facial expression on P1, VPP and LPP were measured in the dual task mode. Dual task arised in the end of the picture series that observers were required to confirm the orientation of the house image and to report whether the face image was presented. Electrophysiological correlates of processing happy, fear, and neutral expressions in lag2 were recorded in a group of paid observers(N = 16, equally for men and women). The scalp activity elicited by emotional face images was found for these three components: P1 amplitudes did not show any significant main effect at emotional types. While happy expressions(-4.09 μV, P = 0.002) and fearful expressions(-3.85 μV, P = 0.010) elicited larger N170 amplitudes than neutral expressions(-3.09 μV). Then three facial expressions elicited significantly different LPP amplitudes(fear>happy> neutral). The threatening priority was absent for P1, and it did not show main effect of the emotional types, and it came into the second stages directly as the larger N170 amplitudes were found for emotional facial expressions. The amplitude of LPP differences reflected the automatic increase in attention to emotional face stimuli and complete discrimination of faces for observers. The results may indicate that the human brain can process emotion information automatically and elaborately in a relatively later stage.
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