酒精摄入对认知控制方式的影响
详细信息 查看官网全文
- 英文论文题名：The Effects of Alcohol on Cognitive Control Strategy
- 论文作者：宋爽 ; 陈安涛
- 英文论文作者：SONG Shuang ; CHEN Antao ; Research Center of Brain and Cognitive neuroscience ; Liaoning Normal University ; Southwest University Faculty of Psychology
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：辽宁师范大学脑与认知神经科学研究中心;西南大学心理学部;
- 论文关键词：酒精 ; 认知控制 ; 主动性控制 ; 反应性控制 ; 持续性注意
- 英文论文关键词：Alcohol ; Cognitive Control ; Proactive Control ; Reactive Control ; Continuous Attention
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：B842.1
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：2
- 文件大小：806k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
酒精饮料作为世界六大饮料之一,深受大众喜爱。适量的饮用酒精饮料可以缓解焦虑,产生愉悦体验。以往的研究针对酒精对于工作记忆、错误觉察、情绪反应以及认知控制等典型认知功能的影响展开了调查。然而近几年对于认知控制的研究学者认为,认知控制存在两种控制方式,即主动性控制和反应性控制。因此,酒精的摄入对认知控制反应方式的具体影响形式却尚不清晰。研究采用AX‐CPT任务,考察酒精摄入对于认知控制方式的影响。实验中实验组和控制组被试分别在实验处理前后完成两次实验任务,进而对比两次完成任务的情况。两组被试唯一的差异在于实验处理,即实验组被试的实验处理为酒精摄入,控制组被试的实验处理为饮用水摄入。实验结果显示,实验组的被试饮酒之后各类试次的反应时显著较小,正确率显著降低。AY序列的正确率降低尤为严重。控制组的被试在实验处理之后,其正确率与实验处理前没有显著差异。根据认知控制双机制理论,为提高AY序列的正确率,被试需要加强反应性控制,来抑制线索A引起的错误反应;为提高BX序列的正确率,被试需加强主动性控制,通过积极维持线索B的表征来预防冲突。因此通过实验结果可以得出这样的结论:酒精的摄入能够影响个体的认知控制方式和持续性注意,使个体的认知控制在饮用酒精之后,更加倾向于主动性控制。
Cognitive control, the ability to coordinate thoughts and actions in relation with internal goals, is often required in our everyday life and subserves higher cognition processes such as planning and reasoning. This study pays attention to the cognitive control strategy of participants after drinking. In the study, participants were engaged in a task that is called AX-CPT(AX-continuous performance test) to study the effects of alcohol on cognitive control strategy. Thirty-four participants were examined with this task before and after the experiment processing. The results suggested that, individuals have the less reaction time and the more error rate after the experiment processing, especially in the AY trials. It shows that, primarily, practice effect does exist; importantly, it is alcohol that makes the reaction of the AY trials so awful. In conclusion,alcohol has an impact on cognitive control strategy, thus it affects the continuous attention. The specific performance is that drinking alcohol makes the individuals significantly tend to proactive control.
Cognitive control, the ability to coordinate thoughts and actions in relation with internal goals, is often required in our everyday life and subserves higher cognition processes such as planning and reasoning. This study pays attention to the cognitive control strategy of participants after drinking. In the study, participants were engaged in a task that is called AX-CPT(AX-continuous performance test) to study the effects of alcohol on cognitive control strategy. Thirty-four participants were examined with this task before and after the experiment processing. The results suggested that, individuals have the less reaction time and the more error rate after the experiment processing, especially in the AY trials. It shows that, primarily, practice effect does exist; importantly, it is alcohol that makes the reaction of the AY trials so awful. In conclusion,alcohol has an impact on cognitive control strategy, thus it affects the continuous attention. The specific performance is that drinking alcohol makes the individuals significantly tend to proactive control.
引文