烧结过程二噁英类生成阻滞剂研究进展
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- 英文论文题名：Research Progress of Dioxins Formation Inhibitors in Iron Ore Sintering Process
- 论文作者：张艺伯 ; 朱荣 ; 杨景玲 ; 孙轶斐 ; 岳昌盛 ; 王云 ; 王珲 ; 张璞
- 英文论文作者：ZHANG Yibo ; ZHU Rong ; YANG Jingling ; SUN Yifei ; YUE Changsheng ; WANG Yun ; WANG Hui ; ZHANG Pu ; School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering ; University of Science and Technology Beijing ; Central Research Institute of Building and Construction ; MCC Group ; School of Space and Environment ; Beihang University
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院;中冶建筑研究总院有限公司;北京航空航天大学空间与环境学院;
- 论文关键词：烧结 ; 二噁英类 ; 阻滞剂 ; 机理
- 英文论文关键词：sintering ; dioxins ; inhibitor ; mechanism
- 会议召开时间：2016-11-18
- 会议录名称：第一届先进材料前沿学术会议论文集（《材料导报》2016年第30卷第Z1期）
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：X757
- 学会代码：CLDB
- 会议名称：第一届先进材料前沿学术会议
- 会议地点：中国陕西西安
- 主办单位：《材料导报》杂志社
- 学会名称：材料导报编辑部
- 页数：5
- 文件大小：557k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
烧结过程中二噁英类持久性有机污染物的问题凸显,已然成为环境保护领域尤其是冶金环保领域的重要研究内容。从烧结过程二噁英类污染物减排技术入手,对比分析了烧结原料预处理、烧结过程控制和烧结末端脱除几种不同减排技术的基本特征和优缺点,提出烧结过程中二噁英类的生成阻滞技术具有可行性和应用前景。其后,重点论述了碱性、硫基、氮基、硫/氮复合、含特殊官能团几种不同类型的二噁英类生成阻滞剂的作用机理及影响因素,提出多官能团复合阻滞剂的研究开发具有可行性,经济、高效、无负面影响的二噁英类生成阻滞技术将成为重要研究方向,并针对研究现状指出对于烧结过程复杂工况下阻滞剂的作用机理、主导影响因素和烧结矿性能影响等相关问题仍有待深入研究。
In the field of metallurgical environmental protection,the problem of dioxins persistent organic pollutants formation in iron ore sintering process has become an important research topic.This paper introduces and compares several emission-reduction techniques including sintering raw material pre-treatment,process control and final removal.It suggests that suppression technique on dioxins formation in iron ore sintering process has feasibility and application prospects.Thereafter,mechanisms and influencing factors of inhibitors are discussed from aspects of alkaline,sulfur-containing,nitrogen-containing,sulfur/nitrogen compound and special functional groups.It is implied that multiple functional groups compound inhibitor has feasibility,and inhibitors with significant advantage on applicability,low-cost and effective technique without negative impact will become an important research direction.Meanwhile,pollutants-control mechanism and main influencing factors of inhibitors in sintering process under complex conditions and their influences on sinter properties still need to be further studied.
In the field of metallurgical environmental protection,the problem of dioxins persistent organic pollutants formation in iron ore sintering process has become an important research topic.This paper introduces and compares several emission-reduction techniques including sintering raw material pre-treatment,process control and final removal.It suggests that suppression technique on dioxins formation in iron ore sintering process has feasibility and application prospects.Thereafter,mechanisms and influencing factors of inhibitors are discussed from aspects of alkaline,sulfur-containing,nitrogen-containing,sulfur/nitrogen compound and special functional groups.It is implied that multiple functional groups compound inhibitor has feasibility,and inhibitors with significant advantage on applicability,low-cost and effective technique without negative impact will become an important research direction.Meanwhile,pollutants-control mechanism and main influencing factors of inhibitors in sintering process under complex conditions and their influences on sinter properties still need to be further studied.
引文
1 Yue C S,Peng B,Zhang Y B,et al.Research progress of dioxins emission reduction in metallurgical sintering process[J].Environ Eng,2015,33(12):155(in Chinese).岳昌盛,彭掱,张艺伯,等.冶金烧结工序二噁英减排技术研究进展[J].环境工程,2015,33(12):155.
2 Karasek F.An overview of dioxin formation in combustion processes[J].Organohalogen Compd,1995,23:315.
3 Wang T S,Anderson D R,Thompson D,et al.Studies into the formation of dioxins in the sintering process used in the iron and steel industry:Characterization of isomer profiles in particulate and gaseous Emissions[J].Chemosphere,2003,51(7):585.
4 Eric A,David A,Nicholas O,et al.Development and validation of a method for analysis of"dioxin-like"PCBs in environmental samples from the steel industry[J].Chemosphere,2004,54(1):23.
5 Wang L C,Lee W J,Tsai P J,et al.Emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from slack flue gases of sinter plants[J].Chemosphere,2003,50(9):1123.
6 Kim K,Koh D,Kim M,et al.Dioxin emissions in the sintering process[J].Organohalogen Compd,2001,50:328.
7 Nakano M,Kawachi S,Morii K,et al.Factors accelerating dioxin emission from iron ore sintering machines[J].World Iron Steel,2012(2):Kin Chinese).Nakano M,Kawachi S,Morii K,et al.铁矿石烧结过程二噁英排放的影响因素研究[J].世界钢铁,2012(2):1.
8 Yu Y,Zheng M,Li X,et al.Operating condition influences on PCDD/Fs emissions from sinter pot tests with hot flue gas recycling[J].J Environ Sci,2012,24(5):875.
9 Hung P,Lo W,Chi K,et al.Reduction of dioxin emission by a multi-layer reactor with bead-shaped activated carbon in simulated gas stream and real flue gas of a sinter plant[J].Chemosphere,2011,82(1):72.
10 Goemans M,Clarysse R,Joannes J,et al.Catalytic NO_x reduction with simultaneous dioxin and furan oxidation[J].Chemosphere,2003,50(4):489.
11 Chang S,Chi K,Young C,et al.Effect of fly ash on catalytic removal of gaseous dioxins over V_2O_5-WO_3 catalyst of a sinter plant[J].Environ Sci Technol,2009,43(19):7523.
12 Ji S S,Li X D,Yu M F,et al.Oxidation of PCDD/Fs over V2O5-Ti02-based catalyst[J].J Zhejiang University:Eng Sci,2014,48(10):1746(in Chinese).纪莎莎,李晓东,余明锋,等.V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2催化剂降解气相二噁英的研究[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2014,48(10):1746.
13 Samaras P,Blumenstock M,Lenoir D,et al.PCDD/F prevention by novel inhibitors:Addition of inorganic S-and N-compounds in the fuel before combustion[J].Environ Sci Technol,2000,34(24):5092.
14 Liu W,Zheng M,Zhang B,et al.Inhibition of PCDD/Fs formation from dioxin precursors by calcium oxide[J].Chemosphere,2005,60(6):785.
15 Ruokoj(a|¨)rvi P,Asikainen A,Tuppurainen K,et al.Chemical inhibition of PCDD/F formation in incineration processes[J].Sci Total Environ,2004,325(l-3):83.
16 Dai F,Tan Y,Li X W,et al.Study on dioxin emission inhibition effect by addition of two inhibitors in iron ore sintering process[J].China Environ Sci,2012,32(5):822(in Chinese).戴帆,谈琰,李咸伟,等.两种抑制剂对铁矿石烧结过程二噁英减排研究[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(5):822.
17 Yang H B,Li X W,Yu Y M,et al.Study on influence of hot air sintering on dioxin formation[J].Sintering Pelletizing,2011(1):47(in Chinese).杨红博,李咸伟,俞勇梅,等.热风烧结对二噁英生成的影响研究[J].烧结球团,2011(1):47.
18 Griffin R.A new theory of dioxin formation in municipal solid waste combustion[J].Chemosphere,1986,15:1987.
19 Raghunathan K,Gullett B.Role of sulfur in reducing PCDD and PCDF formation[J].Environ Sci Technol,1996,30(6):1827.
20 Gullett B,Bruce K,Beach L.Effect of sulfur-dioxide on the formation mechanism of polychlorinated dibenzodioxin and dibenzofuran in municipal waste combustors[J].Environ Sci Technol,1992,26(10):1938.
21 Addink R,Altwicker E.Role of copper compounds in the de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans[J].Environ Eng Sci,1998,15(1):19.
22 Pekdrek V,Puncochdf M,Bures M,et al.Effects of sulfur dioxide,hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid on the de novo synthesis of PCDD/F and PCB under model laboratory conditions[J].Chemosphere,2007,66(10):1947.
23 Ryan S,Li X,Gullett B,et al.Experimental study on the effect of SO2 on PCDD/F emissions:Determination of the importance of gasphase versus solid-phase reactions in PCDD/F formation[J].Environ Sci Technol,2006,40(22):7040.
24 Stieglitz B,Zwick G,Will R,et al.Influence of elemental sulfur on the de-novo-synthesis of organochlorine compounds from residual carbon on fly ash[J].Chemosphere,1998,37(9-12):2261.
25 Pandelova M,Lenoir D,Kettrup A,et al.Primary measures for reduction of PCDD/F in co-combustion of lignite coal and waste:Effect of various inhibitors[J].Environ Sci Technol,2005,39(9):3345.
26 Ruokojarvi P,Halonen I,Tuppurainen K,et al.Effect of gaseous inhibitors on PCDD/F formation[J].Environ Sci Technol,1998,32(20):3099.
27 Shao K,Yan J,Li X,et al.Effects of SO2 and SO3 on the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans by de novo synthesis[J].J Zhejiang University Science A,2010,11(5):363.
28 Tuppurainen K,Halonen I,Ruokojarvi P,et al.Formation of PCDDs and PCDFs in municipal waste incineration and its inhibition mechanisms:A review[J].Chemosphere,1998,36:1493.
29 Lu S Y.Mechanism and experimental study on PCDD/Fs formation,emission and control during solid waste and coal combustion processes[D].Zhejiang University,2004(in Chinese).陆胜勇.垃圾和煤燃烧过程中二噁英的生成,排放和控制机理研究[D].浙江大学,2004.
30 Hunsinger H,Seifert H,Jay K.Reduction of PCDD/F formation in MSW by a process-integrated SO_2 cycle[J].Environ Eng Sci,2007,24(8):1145.
31 Lechtahska P,Wielgosihski G.The use of ammonium sulfate as an inhibitor of dioxin synthesis in iron ore sintering process[J].Ecolog Chem Eng,2014,21(1):59.
32 Chang M,Lin J.Memory effect on the dioxin emissions from municipal waste incinerator in TaiwanCJ].Chemosphere,2001,45(8):1151.
33 Chai X F.Experimental study on the effect of pyrite on the formation of dioxins and the emission of dioxins in medical waste incineration[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2008(in Chinese).柴兴峰.硫铁矿影响二噁英生成的试验研究及医疗垃圾焚烧炉灰渣中二噁英分布特性[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008.
34 Wu H L.The PCDD/Fs emission characteristics and their key control technology in incinerators[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2012(in Chinese).吴海龙.焚烧炉二噁英排放特性及关键控制技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
35 Hajizadeh Y,Onwudili J,Williams P.Effects of gaseous NH3 and SO2 on the concentration profiles of PCDD/F in fly ash under postcombustion zone conditions[J].Waste Manag,2012,32(7):1378.
36 Samaras P,Blumenstock M,Lenoir D,et al.PCDD/F inhibition by prior addition of urea to the solid fuel in laboratory experiments and results statistical evaluation[J].Chemosphere,2001,42(5-7):737.
37 Tuppurainen K,Aatamila M,Ruokojarvi P,et al.Effect of liquid inhibitors on PCDD/F formation,prediction of particle-phase PCDD/F concentrations using PLS modeling with gas-phase chlorophenol concentrations as independent variables[J].Chemosphere,1999,38(10):2205.
38 Ismo H,Kari T,Juhani R.Formation of aromatic chlorinated compounds catalyzed by copper and iron[J].Chemosphere,1997,34(12):2649.
39 Kuzuhara S,Sato H,Tsubouchi N,et al.Effect of nitrogen-containing compounds on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/dibenzofuran formation through de-novo synthesis[J].Environ Sci Technol,2004,39(3):795.
40 Kasai E,Kuzuhara S,Goto H,et al.Reduction in dioxin emissions by the addition of urea as aqueous solution to high-temperature combustion gas[J].ISIJ Int,2008,48(9):1305.
41 Long H,Li J,Wang P.Influence of dioxin reduction on chemical composition of sintering exhaust gas with adding urea[J].J Central South University,2012,19:1359.
42 Long H M,Li J X,Wang P,et al.Reaction mechanism of emission reduction of dioxin by addition of urea in iron ore sintering process[J].Chin J Process Eng,2010(5):944(in Chinese).龙红明,李家新,王平,等.尿素对减少铁矿烧结过程二噁英排放的作用机理[J].过程工程学报,2010(5):944.
43 Ooi T,Aries E,Anderson D,et al.Melamine as suppressant of PCDD/F formation in the sintering process[J].Organohalogen Compd,2008,70:58.
44 Tan P,Neuschiitz D.Study on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/furan formation in iron ore sintering process[J].Metall Mater Trans B,2004,35(5):983.
45 Tan Y.Process control and terminal treatment for PCDD/Fs on iron ore sintering process[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University,2012(in Chinese).谈琰.烧结工艺二噁英的过程控制与末端处理研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2012.
46 Pandelova M,Lenoir D,Schramm K.Inhibition of PCDD/F and PCB formation in co-combustion[J].J Hazardous Mater,2007,149(3):615.
47 Chen Z R.Study on controlling of dioxin emissions from iron ore sintering process[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2013(in Chinese).陈祖睿.铁矿石烧结过程中二噁英的减排控制研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2013.
48 Chen Z R,Yan M,Bai S H,et al.Inhibition effect of thiourea on dioxin emission from iron ore sintering process[J].Energy Eng,2014(4):48(in Chinese).陈祖睿,严密,白四红,等.硫脲对铁矿石烧结过程中二噁英的抑制作用[J].能源工程,2014(4):48.
49 Zhang Y D,Buekens A,Liu L N,et al.Suppression of chlorinated aromatics by nitrogen and sulphur inhibitors in iron ore sintering[J].Chemosphere,2016,155:300.
50 Xhrouet C,Nadin C.Amines compounds as inhibitors of PCDD/Fs de-novo formation on sintering process fly ash[J].Environ Sci Technol,2002,36(12):2760.
51 Addink R,Paulus R,Olie K.Prevention of polychlorinated dibenzop-dioxins/dibenzofurans formation on municipal waste incinerator fly ash using nitrogen and sulfur compounds[J].Environ Sci Technol,1996,30(7):2350.
2 Karasek F.An overview of dioxin formation in combustion processes[J].Organohalogen Compd,1995,23:315.
3 Wang T S,Anderson D R,Thompson D,et al.Studies into the formation of dioxins in the sintering process used in the iron and steel industry:Characterization of isomer profiles in particulate and gaseous Emissions[J].Chemosphere,2003,51(7):585.
4 Eric A,David A,Nicholas O,et al.Development and validation of a method for analysis of"dioxin-like"PCBs in environmental samples from the steel industry[J].Chemosphere,2004,54(1):23.
5 Wang L C,Lee W J,Tsai P J,et al.Emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from slack flue gases of sinter plants[J].Chemosphere,2003,50(9):1123.
6 Kim K,Koh D,Kim M,et al.Dioxin emissions in the sintering process[J].Organohalogen Compd,2001,50:328.
7 Nakano M,Kawachi S,Morii K,et al.Factors accelerating dioxin emission from iron ore sintering machines[J].World Iron Steel,2012(2):Kin Chinese).Nakano M,Kawachi S,Morii K,et al.铁矿石烧结过程二噁英排放的影响因素研究[J].世界钢铁,2012(2):1.
8 Yu Y,Zheng M,Li X,et al.Operating condition influences on PCDD/Fs emissions from sinter pot tests with hot flue gas recycling[J].J Environ Sci,2012,24(5):875.
9 Hung P,Lo W,Chi K,et al.Reduction of dioxin emission by a multi-layer reactor with bead-shaped activated carbon in simulated gas stream and real flue gas of a sinter plant[J].Chemosphere,2011,82(1):72.
10 Goemans M,Clarysse R,Joannes J,et al.Catalytic NO_x reduction with simultaneous dioxin and furan oxidation[J].Chemosphere,2003,50(4):489.
11 Chang S,Chi K,Young C,et al.Effect of fly ash on catalytic removal of gaseous dioxins over V_2O_5-WO_3 catalyst of a sinter plant[J].Environ Sci Technol,2009,43(19):7523.
12 Ji S S,Li X D,Yu M F,et al.Oxidation of PCDD/Fs over V2O5-Ti02-based catalyst[J].J Zhejiang University:Eng Sci,2014,48(10):1746(in Chinese).纪莎莎,李晓东,余明锋,等.V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2催化剂降解气相二噁英的研究[J].浙江大学学报:工学版,2014,48(10):1746.
13 Samaras P,Blumenstock M,Lenoir D,et al.PCDD/F prevention by novel inhibitors:Addition of inorganic S-and N-compounds in the fuel before combustion[J].Environ Sci Technol,2000,34(24):5092.
14 Liu W,Zheng M,Zhang B,et al.Inhibition of PCDD/Fs formation from dioxin precursors by calcium oxide[J].Chemosphere,2005,60(6):785.
15 Ruokoj(a|¨)rvi P,Asikainen A,Tuppurainen K,et al.Chemical inhibition of PCDD/F formation in incineration processes[J].Sci Total Environ,2004,325(l-3):83.
16 Dai F,Tan Y,Li X W,et al.Study on dioxin emission inhibition effect by addition of two inhibitors in iron ore sintering process[J].China Environ Sci,2012,32(5):822(in Chinese).戴帆,谈琰,李咸伟,等.两种抑制剂对铁矿石烧结过程二噁英减排研究[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(5):822.
17 Yang H B,Li X W,Yu Y M,et al.Study on influence of hot air sintering on dioxin formation[J].Sintering Pelletizing,2011(1):47(in Chinese).杨红博,李咸伟,俞勇梅,等.热风烧结对二噁英生成的影响研究[J].烧结球团,2011(1):47.
18 Griffin R.A new theory of dioxin formation in municipal solid waste combustion[J].Chemosphere,1986,15:1987.
19 Raghunathan K,Gullett B.Role of sulfur in reducing PCDD and PCDF formation[J].Environ Sci Technol,1996,30(6):1827.
20 Gullett B,Bruce K,Beach L.Effect of sulfur-dioxide on the formation mechanism of polychlorinated dibenzodioxin and dibenzofuran in municipal waste combustors[J].Environ Sci Technol,1992,26(10):1938.
21 Addink R,Altwicker E.Role of copper compounds in the de novo synthesis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans[J].Environ Eng Sci,1998,15(1):19.
22 Pekdrek V,Puncochdf M,Bures M,et al.Effects of sulfur dioxide,hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid on the de novo synthesis of PCDD/F and PCB under model laboratory conditions[J].Chemosphere,2007,66(10):1947.
23 Ryan S,Li X,Gullett B,et al.Experimental study on the effect of SO2 on PCDD/F emissions:Determination of the importance of gasphase versus solid-phase reactions in PCDD/F formation[J].Environ Sci Technol,2006,40(22):7040.
24 Stieglitz B,Zwick G,Will R,et al.Influence of elemental sulfur on the de-novo-synthesis of organochlorine compounds from residual carbon on fly ash[J].Chemosphere,1998,37(9-12):2261.
25 Pandelova M,Lenoir D,Kettrup A,et al.Primary measures for reduction of PCDD/F in co-combustion of lignite coal and waste:Effect of various inhibitors[J].Environ Sci Technol,2005,39(9):3345.
26 Ruokojarvi P,Halonen I,Tuppurainen K,et al.Effect of gaseous inhibitors on PCDD/F formation[J].Environ Sci Technol,1998,32(20):3099.
27 Shao K,Yan J,Li X,et al.Effects of SO2 and SO3 on the formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans by de novo synthesis[J].J Zhejiang University Science A,2010,11(5):363.
28 Tuppurainen K,Halonen I,Ruokojarvi P,et al.Formation of PCDDs and PCDFs in municipal waste incineration and its inhibition mechanisms:A review[J].Chemosphere,1998,36:1493.
29 Lu S Y.Mechanism and experimental study on PCDD/Fs formation,emission and control during solid waste and coal combustion processes[D].Zhejiang University,2004(in Chinese).陆胜勇.垃圾和煤燃烧过程中二噁英的生成,排放和控制机理研究[D].浙江大学,2004.
30 Hunsinger H,Seifert H,Jay K.Reduction of PCDD/F formation in MSW by a process-integrated SO_2 cycle[J].Environ Eng Sci,2007,24(8):1145.
31 Lechtahska P,Wielgosihski G.The use of ammonium sulfate as an inhibitor of dioxin synthesis in iron ore sintering process[J].Ecolog Chem Eng,2014,21(1):59.
32 Chang M,Lin J.Memory effect on the dioxin emissions from municipal waste incinerator in TaiwanCJ].Chemosphere,2001,45(8):1151.
33 Chai X F.Experimental study on the effect of pyrite on the formation of dioxins and the emission of dioxins in medical waste incineration[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2008(in Chinese).柴兴峰.硫铁矿影响二噁英生成的试验研究及医疗垃圾焚烧炉灰渣中二噁英分布特性[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008.
34 Wu H L.The PCDD/Fs emission characteristics and their key control technology in incinerators[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2012(in Chinese).吴海龙.焚烧炉二噁英排放特性及关键控制技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.
35 Hajizadeh Y,Onwudili J,Williams P.Effects of gaseous NH3 and SO2 on the concentration profiles of PCDD/F in fly ash under postcombustion zone conditions[J].Waste Manag,2012,32(7):1378.
36 Samaras P,Blumenstock M,Lenoir D,et al.PCDD/F inhibition by prior addition of urea to the solid fuel in laboratory experiments and results statistical evaluation[J].Chemosphere,2001,42(5-7):737.
37 Tuppurainen K,Aatamila M,Ruokojarvi P,et al.Effect of liquid inhibitors on PCDD/F formation,prediction of particle-phase PCDD/F concentrations using PLS modeling with gas-phase chlorophenol concentrations as independent variables[J].Chemosphere,1999,38(10):2205.
38 Ismo H,Kari T,Juhani R.Formation of aromatic chlorinated compounds catalyzed by copper and iron[J].Chemosphere,1997,34(12):2649.
39 Kuzuhara S,Sato H,Tsubouchi N,et al.Effect of nitrogen-containing compounds on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/dibenzofuran formation through de-novo synthesis[J].Environ Sci Technol,2004,39(3):795.
40 Kasai E,Kuzuhara S,Goto H,et al.Reduction in dioxin emissions by the addition of urea as aqueous solution to high-temperature combustion gas[J].ISIJ Int,2008,48(9):1305.
41 Long H,Li J,Wang P.Influence of dioxin reduction on chemical composition of sintering exhaust gas with adding urea[J].J Central South University,2012,19:1359.
42 Long H M,Li J X,Wang P,et al.Reaction mechanism of emission reduction of dioxin by addition of urea in iron ore sintering process[J].Chin J Process Eng,2010(5):944(in Chinese).龙红明,李家新,王平,等.尿素对减少铁矿烧结过程二噁英排放的作用机理[J].过程工程学报,2010(5):944.
43 Ooi T,Aries E,Anderson D,et al.Melamine as suppressant of PCDD/F formation in the sintering process[J].Organohalogen Compd,2008,70:58.
44 Tan P,Neuschiitz D.Study on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/furan formation in iron ore sintering process[J].Metall Mater Trans B,2004,35(5):983.
45 Tan Y.Process control and terminal treatment for PCDD/Fs on iron ore sintering process[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University,2012(in Chinese).谈琰.烧结工艺二噁英的过程控制与末端处理研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2012.
46 Pandelova M,Lenoir D,Schramm K.Inhibition of PCDD/F and PCB formation in co-combustion[J].J Hazardous Mater,2007,149(3):615.
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