Phytophthora sojae Avirulence Effector PsAvr3c Target Soybean Serine and Arginine Rich Proteins SRKPs,a Novel Component of Alternative Splicing Complex,to Regulate Plant Immunity
摘要
Avirulence(AVR) effectors,recognized by host resistant protein,are a group of key players in plant-microbe interactions.However,how AVR effectors manipulate plant immunity remains poorly characterized.The AVR effector PsAvr3 c from soybean(Glycine max) root rot pathogen Phytophthora sojae is recognized by the soybean Rps3 c receptor in a nuclear dependent manner.PsAvr3 c also functions as a virulence protein to enhance Phytophthora colonization.Recendy,we identified two soybean serine/arginine rich proteins GmSRKP1 and GmSRKP2 as interactors of PsAvr3 c.We demonstrated that PsAvr3 c physically interacts with GmSRKP1/2 and stabilizes GmSRKPs proteins in vivo.The GmSRKPs are conserved proteins in plants without any predicted functional domains other than three serine/arginine/lysine rich repeat regions and a nuclear localization signal.Transient gene silencing and over-expression of GmSRKP1/2 in soybean hairy roots indicates that GmSRKP1/2 are susceptibility factors.Furthermore,biochemical assays suggest that GmSRKPs possess RNA binding activity in vitro,and GmSRKPs also associated with some known alternative splicing factors.In summary,these findings provide evidence that a pathogen AVR effector targets a novel component of alternative splicing complex to subvert plant immunity.
Avirulence(AVR) effectors,recognized by host resistant protein,are a group of key players in plant-microbe interactions.However,how AVR effectors manipulate plant immunity remains poorly characterized.The AVR effector PsAvr3 c from soybean(Glycine max) root rot pathogen Phytophthora sojae is recognized by the soybean Rps3 c receptor in a nuclear dependent manner.PsAvr3 c also functions as a virulence protein to enhance Phytophthora colonization.Recendy,we identified two soybean serine/arginine rich proteins GmSRKP1 and GmSRKP2 as interactors of PsAvr3 c.We demonstrated that PsAvr3 c physically interacts with GmSRKP1/2 and stabilizes GmSRKPs proteins in vivo.The GmSRKPs are conserved proteins in plants without any predicted functional domains other than three serine/arginine/lysine rich repeat regions and a nuclear localization signal.Transient gene silencing and over-expression of GmSRKP1/2 in soybean hairy roots indicates that GmSRKP1/2 are susceptibility factors.Furthermore,biochemical assays suggest that GmSRKPs possess RNA binding activity in vitro,and GmSRKPs also associated with some known alternative splicing factors.In summary,these findings provide evidence that a pathogen AVR effector targets a novel component of alternative splicing complex to subvert plant immunity.
引文