福建闽南沿海养殖僧帽牡蛎中汞和砷的时空分布特征及风险评价
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摘要
通过2009—2014年对福建闽南沿海的湄洲湾、大港湾、泉州湾、围头湾、厦门湾、佛昙湾、旧镇湾、东山湾、和诏安湾养殖的僧帽牡蛎中总汞和总砷含量的调查监测,对养殖僧帽牡蛎体中总汞和总砷含量的分布和食用风险进行探讨。结果表明近六年九个湾海区养殖僧帽牡蛎体中总汞平均含量(0.007~0.018 mg/kg):湄洲湾>泉州湾>厦门湾>诏安湾>围头湾=旧镇湾=大港湾=东山湾>佛昙湾;总砷平均含量(1.40~2.02 mg/kg):泉州湾>厦门湾>大港湾>湄洲湾>诏安湾>东山湾>围头湾>旧镇湾>佛昙湾。湄洲湾、泉州湾、厦门湾大部分海水养殖僧帽牡蛎体中总汞和总砷含量明显高于其他海区养殖僧帽牡蛎。福建闽南沿海养殖僧帽牡蛎体未受到汞的污染,但均受到无机砷的污染,其中20.4%样品受无机砷中度污染,79.6%样品受无机砷轻度污染。根据FAO/WHO/JECFA(联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织下的食品添加剂联合专家委员会)提出的PTWI(暂定每周耐受摄入量)为0.015 mg/kg(60 kg计),ADI(每目允许摄入量)为0.129 mg/d(60 kg计)。按此次养殖僧帽牡蛎计,成人每目摄入无机砷含量均低于JECFA提出的每目允许摄入量。
According to the investigation data of shellfish (Saccostrea cucullate) in the southen coastal areas of Fujian province during 2009-2014,the distributional characteristics and consumption risk assessment of Hg and As in the culture-shellfish were studied.The result shown that the average concentration of Hg was ranked as(0.007mg/kg~0.018 mg/kg):Meizhou Bay > Quanzhou Bay > Xiamen Bay > Zhaoan Bay > Weitou Bay = Jiuzhen Bay = Dagang Bay =Dongshan Bay > Fotan Bay.The average concentration of As was ranked as(1.40mg/kg~2.02mg/kg):Quanzhou Bay > Xiamen Bay > Dagang Bay > Meizhou Bay >Zhaoan Bay > Dongshan Bay > Weitou Bay > Jiuzhen Bay > Foutan Bay.Contents of Hg and As in Meizhou Bay,Quanzhou Bay and Xiamen Bay were obervisely higher than that in other aquaculture sea area.Saccostrea cucullate in the southen coastal areas of Fujian Province were all no polluted by Hg.20.4%of samples were detected mildly polluted by As,whereas the 79.6%of the samples were no detected.The daily intakes of inorganic As was accorded with the acceptable daily intake which was proposed by FAO(Food and Agriculture Organization)/WHO(World Health Organization)/ JECFA(The Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives).
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