MOOC视域下“运动心理学”课程SPOC教学模式融合与发展研究
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- 英文论文题名：Under MOOC Horizon "Sport Psychology" Course Teaching Mode SPOC Integration and Development Studies
- 论文作者：刘红存
- 英文论文作者：Liu Hong-cun ; School of Physical Education ; Changzhou University
- 年：2015
- 作者机构：常州大学体育学院;
- 论文关键词：SPOC ; 运动心理学 ; 在线教育 ; 教学模式
- 英文论文关键词：SPOC ; sports psychology ; online education ; teaching mode
- 会议召开时间：2015-10-16
- 会议录名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议摘要集——心理学与社会发展
- 英文会议录名称：Proceedings of the 18th National Academic Congress of Psychology
- 语种：中文
- 分类号：G807.4;G434
- 学会代码：ZGXG
- 会议名称：第十八届全国心理学学术会议
- 会议地点：中国天津
- 主办单位：中国心理学会
- 学会名称：中国心理学会
- 页数：3
- 文件大小：804k
- 原文格式：D
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
21世纪以来,新一代信息技术、建构主义和宏观社会教育系统理论、国际开放教育资源运动三股力量为信息化环境中的教育教学改革提供了技术环境、变革理念和开放资源。如何使信息技术发挥更大作用,是当前教育工作者面临的重要课题。从2008年MOCC(Massive 0pen 0nline Course,大规模开放式课程)的实践开始,MOOCs经历了一个四年沉淀,两年爆发的发展历程,全球高等院校和职业教育机构掀起了MOOCs狂潮,在基于教学需求的探索过程当中,与传统教育方式的"融合创新"开始兴起,由Armando Fox教授提出的SPOC(Small Private Online Course,小规模限制性在线课程)模式引人注目,哈佛、MIT、加州伯克利都在进行SPOC教学试验。在中国,清华大学从2011年开始研发,率先打造出SPOC平台,第一批课程于2013年9月份正式上线,开启了SPOC模式在中国的应用。"运动心理学"是心理学领域中的一个重要分支学科,应用于设计课程、改良教学训练方法、推动运动动机以及帮助运动员及锻炼者面对运动过程中所遇到的各项困难和挑战,作为体育运动及应用心理专业课程体系中的重要组成部分,在培养合格乃至优秀师资、教练员及服务运动等方面发挥着重要作用。但在过去很长时间,"运动心理学"课程的实际教学效果与师生的期望、课程自身的作用、信息时代教育的发展以及未来运动行业的要求存在很大差距,没能充分地体现课程设置的价值,影响了院校人才培养的目标及质量。目前运动心理学国内外MOOC资源鲜见,将MOOC资源及SPOC模式应用于"运动心理学"教学,实现运动心理学和信息技术的广泛融合,对培养高质量的运动和应用心理人材、促进我国体育运动及应用心理事业发展等具有重要意义。本文从SPOC教学模式的概念、成功应用入手,尝试把SPOC应用于运动心理学课程教学。从理论上分析了在运动心理学教学中采用SPOC的可行性及本土实践的设想思路,推进的价值和意义,设计构建出具有本土化的运动心理学课程SPOC教学融合模式,分别从资源组织方式、数据分析模型、教学管理模块、内容呈现方式、学习过程支持六个方面进行融合研究,构建运动心理学课程SPOC教学模式"一二二三"模型图,即:一个目标(以学生发展为终极目标)、两个阵地(课堂和课外)、两个层面(理论和实践)、双向努力(教师和学生)、三个阶段("内容异构—课程开发"、"自主学习—问题反馈"、"双向交流—知识内化")。三个阶段即"内容异构—课程开发"、"自主学习—问题反馈"、"双向交流—知识内化"。并从基于网络学习社区的"翻转式学习"、数字化互动教材的学习、网络教室的课程直播在线学习、传统环境中学习的前置学习四个方面探索运动心理学课程SPOC教学模式多样化融合路径。SPOC在国外兴起并应用,对于我们的教育可以说是一个"舶来品"。要保证运动心理学SPOC有效实施,不仅要完成运动心理学MOOCs所需要的优质视频、知识单元化、学习管理规范化等条件,还要有知识面广、教学经验丰富、计算机水平相当的教学团队,既要有运动心理学资源可翻转,还要有能力翻得动。对于"运动心理学教学具体哪些模块需要SPOC?"、"何时该进行SPOC教学模式?"等基本问题,这也是运动心理学课程建设融合创新需要进一步加强探索的地方,可以说需要反思去探索。把SPOC理念引入到运动心理学课程教学改革建设,是一种有益的尝试和积极的探索,在融合实践过程中,难免会遇到一些问题和挫折。一方面,SPOC教学模式和理念还需进一步完善;另一方面,如何根据模型科学进行设计,完成一系列步骤,对课程体系有针对性地去实施,真正促进运动心理学的发展。
Summary of the 21st century, a new generation of information technology, constructivism and macro-social education systems theory, international OER movement three forces of the information environment of educational reform has provided technical environment, change ideas and open source. How to make information technology play a greater role, it is an important issue currently facing educators. From 2008 MOCC(Massive open online Course, massive) practice began, MOOCs experienced a four-precipitate the outbreak two years of development, higher education and vocational education institutions worldwide launched a MOOCs frenzy, based on Exploration of the teaching process needs them, and the "integration of innovation" traditional educational methods began to rise, SPOC(Small Private Online Course) presented by Professor Armando Fox model compelling, Harvard, MIT, Berkeley, California SPOC teaching are conducting tests. In China, Tsinghua University from 2011 began to develop, the first to create a SPOC platform, the first course was formally launched in September 2013, it opened the SPOC model application in China. "Sports Psychology" is the field of psychology is an important branch of applied design curriculum, improved teaching and training methods, to promote sport and exercise motivation and help athletes who face the difficulties and challenges encountered in the course of the campaign, As sports and Applied Psychology courses system, an important part in training qualified teachers and even excellent, coaches and sports services play an important role. But in the past for a long time, the actual teaching effect "Sports Psychology" course expectations and the teachers and students, curriculum itself the role of education in the information age and the future movement of the industry there is a big gap between the requirement and did not fully reflect the curriculum value settings affect the objectives and quality of personnel training colleges. MOOC resources currently at home and abroad rare sports psychology, will MOOC resources and SPOC model applied to the "Sports Psychology" teaching, achieve broad integration of sports psychology and information technology, to train high-quality sports and Applied Psychology talent, promote China Sports and application of psychological development has important significance. From concept SPOC teaching mode, the successful application of this article attempts to SPOC used in sports psychology Course. It analyzed theoretically using SPOC in Sports Psychology Teaching feasibility and the idea of local practice ideas, values and meaning propulsion, designed and built a sports psychology course SPOC teaching model of integration has localization, respectively, from the resource organization, data analysis model, teaching management module, content presentation, learning support six aspects of fusion research, build sports psychology course SPOC teaching mode "December Three" model diagram, namely: a target(in student development as the ultimate target), two positions(classroom and extra-curricular), two levels(theory and practice), two-way effort(teachers and students), three stage("Content heterogeneous- curriculum development", "self-learning- Feedback" "two-way communication- the internalization of knowledge"). Three stages namely "heterogeneous content- curriculum development", "self-learning- Feedback," "two-way communication- internalization of knowledge." And from Web-based Learning Community "flip-learning" digital interactive learning materials, classroom courses live network online learning, traditional learning environment to explore four aspects of the pre-study sports psychology course teaching mode SPOC integration path diversity. SPOC rise in foreign and applications for our education can be said to be a "exotic." To ensure the effective implementation of SPOC sports psychology, not only to complete high-quality video sports psychology MOOCs need, a unit of knowledge, learning and management standardization and other conditions, but also a wide range of knowledge, teaching experience, teaching computer skills quite a team, sports psychology have both resources can be flipped, but also have the ability to turn have to move. For the basic question of "Sports Psychology teaching what specific modules need SPOC?", "When to make SPOC teaching mode?" And so on, which is the construction of sports psychology courses need to strengthen further explore innovative fusion place, it can be said to reflect the need to explore. The SPOC concept to Sport Psychology Course Construction and Reform, is a useful attempt and positive exploration practice in the integration process, will inevitably encounter some problems and setbacks. On the one hand, SPOC teaching models and concepts need to be further improved; on the other hand, how to design the model of science, complete a series of steps, the curriculum system targeted to implement, really promote the development of the discipline.
Summary of the 21st century, a new generation of information technology, constructivism and macro-social education systems theory, international OER movement three forces of the information environment of educational reform has provided technical environment, change ideas and open source. How to make information technology play a greater role, it is an important issue currently facing educators. From 2008 MOCC(Massive open online Course, massive) practice began, MOOCs experienced a four-precipitate the outbreak two years of development, higher education and vocational education institutions worldwide launched a MOOCs frenzy, based on Exploration of the teaching process needs them, and the "integration of innovation" traditional educational methods began to rise, SPOC(Small Private Online Course) presented by Professor Armando Fox model compelling, Harvard, MIT, Berkeley, California SPOC teaching are conducting tests. In China, Tsinghua University from 2011 began to develop, the first to create a SPOC platform, the first course was formally launched in September 2013, it opened the SPOC model application in China. "Sports Psychology" is the field of psychology is an important branch of applied design curriculum, improved teaching and training methods, to promote sport and exercise motivation and help athletes who face the difficulties and challenges encountered in the course of the campaign, As sports and Applied Psychology courses system, an important part in training qualified teachers and even excellent, coaches and sports services play an important role. But in the past for a long time, the actual teaching effect "Sports Psychology" course expectations and the teachers and students, curriculum itself the role of education in the information age and the future movement of the industry there is a big gap between the requirement and did not fully reflect the curriculum value settings affect the objectives and quality of personnel training colleges. MOOC resources currently at home and abroad rare sports psychology, will MOOC resources and SPOC model applied to the "Sports Psychology" teaching, achieve broad integration of sports psychology and information technology, to train high-quality sports and Applied Psychology talent, promote China Sports and application of psychological development has important significance. From concept SPOC teaching mode, the successful application of this article attempts to SPOC used in sports psychology Course. It analyzed theoretically using SPOC in Sports Psychology Teaching feasibility and the idea of local practice ideas, values and meaning propulsion, designed and built a sports psychology course SPOC teaching model of integration has localization, respectively, from the resource organization, data analysis model, teaching management module, content presentation, learning support six aspects of fusion research, build sports psychology course SPOC teaching mode "December Three" model diagram, namely: a target(in student development as the ultimate target), two positions(classroom and extra-curricular), two levels(theory and practice), two-way effort(teachers and students), three stage("Content heterogeneous- curriculum development", "self-learning- Feedback" "two-way communication- the internalization of knowledge"). Three stages namely "heterogeneous content- curriculum development", "self-learning- Feedback," "two-way communication- internalization of knowledge." And from Web-based Learning Community "flip-learning" digital interactive learning materials, classroom courses live network online learning, traditional learning environment to explore four aspects of the pre-study sports psychology course teaching mode SPOC integration path diversity. SPOC rise in foreign and applications for our education can be said to be a "exotic." To ensure the effective implementation of SPOC sports psychology, not only to complete high-quality video sports psychology MOOCs need, a unit of knowledge, learning and management standardization and other conditions, but also a wide range of knowledge, teaching experience, teaching computer skills quite a team, sports psychology have both resources can be flipped, but also have the ability to turn have to move. For the basic question of "Sports Psychology teaching what specific modules need SPOC?", "When to make SPOC teaching mode?" And so on, which is the construction of sports psychology courses need to strengthen further explore innovative fusion place, it can be said to reflect the need to explore. The SPOC concept to Sport Psychology Course Construction and Reform, is a useful attempt and positive exploration practice in the integration process, will inevitably encounter some problems and setbacks. On the one hand, SPOC teaching models and concepts need to be further improved; on the other hand, how to design the model of science, complete a series of steps, the curriculum system targeted to implement, really promote the development of the discipline.
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