不幸的幸存者:从创伤理论解读《达洛卫夫人》中疯癫的赛普蒂默斯
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摘要
本文旨在运用创伤理论视角,剖析弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫《达洛卫夫人》中的赛普蒂默斯从战争创伤到自我重建失败的整个过程,并分析了导致赛普蒂默斯创伤未愈悲剧人生的两大原因,一是当时社会环境下人与人之间的疏离感让夫妻之间不能互相理解,二是有霍姆斯医生和威廉爵士这类戴着医生的面具的"判官"对病人实施统治。也进一步解析了赛普蒂默斯如何通过创伤经历获得启示,以此强调战争带来的创伤感,这一点值得反思。
This thesis aims at dissecting the process from the trauma of war to the failure of self-reconstruction of Septimus in Virginia Woolf's Mrs Dalloway. It analyzes the two reasons for Septimus' tragedy with unrecovered trauma. First, people feel the sense of alienation, even couples can not understand each other in the social environment at that time. Second, there are the "judges" like Dr. Holmes and Sir William who wears the mask of doctor dominating and oppressing the patients. And it also analyzes how Septimus acquires knowledge and knows the truth through the traumatic experience, and in this way, it emphasizes the sense of trauma brought about by the war, which is worthy of reflection.
This thesis aims at dissecting the process from the trauma of war to the failure of self-reconstruction of Septimus in Virginia Woolf's Mrs Dalloway. It analyzes the two reasons for Septimus' tragedy with unrecovered trauma. First, people feel the sense of alienation, even couples can not understand each other in the social environment at that time. Second, there are the "judges" like Dr. Holmes and Sir William who wears the mask of doctor dominating and oppressing the patients. And it also analyzes how Septimus acquires knowledge and knows the truth through the traumatic experience, and in this way, it emphasizes the sense of trauma brought about by the war, which is worthy of reflection.
引文
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[2]Caruth,Cathy.Unclaimed Experience:Trauma,Narrative,and History[M].Baltimore,MD:Johns Hopkins University Press,1996.
[3]Felman,Shoshana,Dori Laub.Testimony:Crises of Witnessing in Literature,Psychoanalysis,and History[M].New York:Routledge,1992.
[4]Forter,Greg.“Freud,Faulkner,Caruth:Trauma and the Politics of Literary Form”[J].Ohio State University Press.2007,15(3):259-285.
[5]Frye,Northrop.Anatomy of Criticism[M].New Jersey:Princeton University Press,1957.
[6]Kolk,Van der,Bessel,Onno Van der Hart.“The Intrusive Past:The Flexibility of Memory and the Engraving of Trauma”[J].Psychiatric Clinics of North America,1989,12(2):389-411.
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[9]Rossington,Michael,Anne Whitehead.Theories of Memory:A Reader[M].Baltimore:The Johns Hopkins University Press,2007.
[10]Vlahov,David,Sandro Galea.“War and Anxiety Disorders”[J].Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.2004,15(2):129-130.
[11]杜志卿,张燕.2007.一个反抗规训权力的文本--重读《达洛卫夫人》[J].外国文学评论(4):46-53.
[12]弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫.2007.达洛卫夫人[M].孙梁,苏美译.上海:上海译文出版社.
[13]弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫.2001.伍尔夫随笔全集[M].王斌,王保令等译.北京:中国社会科学出版社.
[14]李伟.2014.未治愈的创伤--解读《达洛卫夫人》中的创伤书写[J].外国文学(1):134-140.
[15]林德尔·戈登.2007.弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫--一个作家的生命历程[M].伍厚恺译.成都:四川人民出版社.
[16]汪民安.2002.文论讲座:概念与术语:权力[J].外国文学(2):81-89.
[17]王欣.2013.创伤、记忆和历史:美国南方创伤小说研究[M].成都:四川大学出版社.
[2]Caruth,Cathy.Unclaimed Experience:Trauma,Narrative,and History[M].Baltimore,MD:Johns Hopkins University Press,1996.
[3]Felman,Shoshana,Dori Laub.Testimony:Crises of Witnessing in Literature,Psychoanalysis,and History[M].New York:Routledge,1992.
[4]Forter,Greg.“Freud,Faulkner,Caruth:Trauma and the Politics of Literary Form”[J].Ohio State University Press.2007,15(3):259-285.
[5]Frye,Northrop.Anatomy of Criticism[M].New Jersey:Princeton University Press,1957.
[6]Kolk,Van der,Bessel,Onno Van der Hart.“The Intrusive Past:The Flexibility of Memory and the Engraving of Trauma”[J].Psychiatric Clinics of North America,1989,12(2):389-411.
[7]Langer,L.L.Holocaust Testimonies:The Ruins of Memory[M].New Haven:Yale University Press,1991.
[8]Middleton,Peter,Tim Woods.Literature of Memory:History,Time and Space in Postwar Writing[M].Manchester and New York:Manchester University Press,2000.
[9]Rossington,Michael,Anne Whitehead.Theories of Memory:A Reader[M].Baltimore:The Johns Hopkins University Press,2007.
[10]Vlahov,David,Sandro Galea.“War and Anxiety Disorders”[J].Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.2004,15(2):129-130.
[11]杜志卿,张燕.2007.一个反抗规训权力的文本--重读《达洛卫夫人》[J].外国文学评论(4):46-53.
[12]弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫.2007.达洛卫夫人[M].孙梁,苏美译.上海:上海译文出版社.
[13]弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫.2001.伍尔夫随笔全集[M].王斌,王保令等译.北京:中国社会科学出版社.
[14]李伟.2014.未治愈的创伤--解读《达洛卫夫人》中的创伤书写[J].外国文学(1):134-140.
[15]林德尔·戈登.2007.弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫--一个作家的生命历程[M].伍厚恺译.成都:四川人民出版社.
[16]汪民安.2002.文论讲座:概念与术语:权力[J].外国文学(2):81-89.
[17]王欣.2013.创伤、记忆和历史:美国南方创伤小说研究[M].成都:四川大学出版社.