Managing straw return and nitrogen to improve soil nutrient contents,biological activities,and grain yield of winter wheat
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- 英文论文题名：Managing straw return and nitrogen to improve soil nutrient contents,biological activities,and grain yield of winter wheat
- 论文作者：Jin Chen ; Mengjing Zheng ; Dangwei Pang ; Yanping Yin ; Mingming Han ; Yanxia Li ; Yongli Luo ; Zhenlin Wang ; Yong Li
- 英文论文作者：Jin Chen ; Mengjing Zheng ; Dangwei Pang ; Yanping Yin ; Mingming Han ; Yanxia Li ; Yongli Luo ; Zhenlin Wang ; Yong Li ; National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology ; Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University
- 年：2016
- 作者机构：National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Agronomy College of Shandong Agricultural University;
- 英文论文关键词：straw return ; microbial community ; enzyme activities ; nutrient availability ; grain yield
- 会议召开时间：2016-10-26
- 会议录名称：2016年全国青年作物栽培与生理学术研讨会论文集
- 语种：英文
- 分类号：S512.11
- 学会代码：CSSC
- 会议名称：2016年全国青年作物栽培与生理学术研讨会
- 会议地点：中国山东泰安
- 主办单位：中国作物学会
- 学会名称：中国作物学会
- 页数：1
- 文件大小：68k
- 原文格式：O
- 会议级别：全国
摘要
Soil degradation and high environmental costs are the main barriers to agricultural production in Huang-Huai-Hai region of China.To provide a basis for the establishment of a soil amelioration technical system for this area,we conducted a five-year(2011-2016) field experiment to determine the effects of straw return method and nitrogen(N) application rate on the levels of soil C,N contents,microbial diversity,and enzyme activity.Four methods of straw return(5-year rotary tillage with residues removal,RT;5-year rotary tillage with residues applied,RS;5-year deep plowing tillage with residues applied,DS;2-year rotary tillage and deep plowing tillage in the 3th year with residues applied,TS) and three nitrogen levels(225 kg N ha~(-1),Nm;0.7×Nm,165 kg N ha~(-1),Nr;and 1.3×Nm,300 kg N ha~(-1),Ni) were tested.After straw return for five years,the results showed that variable methods of straw return had different effects on the soil fertility indices and wheat yields.Compared with RT,levels of soil organic carbon(SOC),labile organic carbon(LOC),total N(TN),NO_3~--N,and NH_4~+-N under treatments with straw return were averaged 12.9%,60.7%,15.2%,19.4%,and 38.1%higher in the 0-30 cm soil depths,and the microbial diversity and soil invertase,proteinase,urease,and nitratase activity levels were increased by 43.9%,16.4%,17.2%,17.4%,and 18.3%,respectively.Tillage methods affected vertical distribution of soil fertility indices,enzyme activity levels,and microbial diversity,where RS had the greatest effects in 0-10 cm depth and eyen more significant impacts in 10-20 and20-30 cm depths were observed in DS and TS.The levels of SOC,TN,and enzyme activities were elevated as N application rate increased,and there were no significant differences between Nm and Ni on SOC contents,and urease and nitratase activities.Compared Nr,Nm and Ni averagely increased wheat yields by 6.0%and 6.8%,and no significant differences were observed between Nm and Ni.There was a continuously increased trend of grain yields in DS and TS during the study period,and a contrary trend was found in RS.Consequently,DS or TS plus 225 kg N ha~(-1)was the most effective and economical practice for improving the soil quality and grain yields of Huang-Huai-Hai region.
Soil degradation and high environmental costs are the main barriers to agricultural production in Huang-Huai-Hai region of China.To provide a basis for the establishment of a soil amelioration technical system for this area,we conducted a five-year(2011-2016) field experiment to determine the effects of straw return method and nitrogen(N) application rate on the levels of soil C,N contents,microbial diversity,and enzyme activity.Four methods of straw return(5-year rotary tillage with residues removal,RT;5-year rotary tillage with residues applied,RS;5-year deep plowing tillage with residues applied,DS;2-year rotary tillage and deep plowing tillage in the 3th year with residues applied,TS) and three nitrogen levels(225 kg N ha~(-1),Nm;0.7×Nm,165 kg N ha~(-1),Nr;and 1.3×Nm,300 kg N ha~(-1),Ni) were tested.After straw return for five years,the results showed that variable methods of straw return had different effects on the soil fertility indices and wheat yields.Compared with RT,levels of soil organic carbon(SOC),labile organic carbon(LOC),total N(TN),NO_3~--N,and NH_4~+-N under treatments with straw return were averaged 12.9%,60.7%,15.2%,19.4%,and 38.1%higher in the 0-30 cm soil depths,and the microbial diversity and soil invertase,proteinase,urease,and nitratase activity levels were increased by 43.9%,16.4%,17.2%,17.4%,and 18.3%,respectively.Tillage methods affected vertical distribution of soil fertility indices,enzyme activity levels,and microbial diversity,where RS had the greatest effects in 0-10 cm depth and eyen more significant impacts in 10-20 and20-30 cm depths were observed in DS and TS.The levels of SOC,TN,and enzyme activities were elevated as N application rate increased,and there were no significant differences between Nm and Ni on SOC contents,and urease and nitratase activities.Compared Nr,Nm and Ni averagely increased wheat yields by 6.0%and 6.8%,and no significant differences were observed between Nm and Ni.There was a continuously increased trend of grain yields in DS and TS during the study period,and a contrary trend was found in RS.Consequently,DS or TS plus 225 kg N ha~(-1)was the most effective and economical practice for improving the soil quality and grain yields of Huang-Huai-Hai region.
Soil degradation and high environmental costs are the main barriers to agricultural production in Huang-Huai-Hai region of China.To provide a basis for the establishment of a soil amelioration technical system for this area,we conducted a five-year(2011-2016) field experiment to determine the effects of straw return method and nitrogen(N) application rate on the levels of soil C,N contents,microbial diversity,and enzyme activity.Four methods of straw return(5-year rotary tillage with residues removal,RT;5-year rotary tillage with residues applied,RS;5-year deep plowing tillage with residues applied,DS;2-year rotary tillage and deep plowing tillage in the 3th year with residues applied,TS) and three nitrogen levels(225 kg N ha~(-1),Nm;0.7×Nm,165 kg N ha~(-1),Nr;and 1.3×Nm,300 kg N ha~(-1),Ni) were tested.After straw return for five years,the results showed that variable methods of straw return had different effects on the soil fertility indices and wheat yields.Compared with RT,levels of soil organic carbon(SOC),labile organic carbon(LOC),total N(TN),NO_3~--N,and NH_4~+-N under treatments with straw return were averaged 12.9%,60.7%,15.2%,19.4%,and 38.1%higher in the 0-30 cm soil depths,and the microbial diversity and soil invertase,proteinase,urease,and nitratase activity levels were increased by 43.9%,16.4%,17.2%,17.4%,and 18.3%,respectively.Tillage methods affected vertical distribution of soil fertility indices,enzyme activity levels,and microbial diversity,where RS had the greatest effects in 0-10 cm depth and eyen more significant impacts in 10-20 and20-30 cm depths were observed in DS and TS.The levels of SOC,TN,and enzyme activities were elevated as N application rate increased,and there were no significant differences between Nm and Ni on SOC contents,and urease and nitratase activities.Compared Nr,Nm and Ni averagely increased wheat yields by 6.0%and 6.8%,and no significant differences were observed between Nm and Ni.There was a continuously increased trend of grain yields in DS and TS during the study period,and a contrary trend was found in RS.Consequently,DS or TS plus 225 kg N ha~(-1)was the most effective and economical practice for improving the soil quality and grain yields of Huang-Huai-Hai region.
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