旅游度假综合体的选址和风险评估
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摘要
随着我国经济快速增长,人均可支配收入和休闲时间不断增加,我国旅游主流方式由简单观光向休闲度假转变,而开发类型也由单纯的风景区向旅游度假综合体转型。
     我国对于旅游度假综合体项目开发的理论研究和实践经验尚不多,在对旅游度假综合体的研究中也发现,由于项目决策者缺乏对旅游度假综合体项目开发选址和风险科学的足够认识,相当多的项目选址因先天环境条件不足而有名无实,或者对风险的估计不足而难以为继,不仅浪费了大量的财力物力人力,也限制了当地人文和自然景观的合理利用。因此,有必要构建旅游度假综合体的选址和风险评估指标体系,对项目选址处进行评估。
     本文首先回顾了旅游以及风险相关的理论,对相关概念进行了界定和明晰。其次在大量文献研究的基础上,对旅游度假综合体的概念进行了定义。再次,对国内外研究者已建的选址和风险指标体系进行了研究,选取了合适的评估指标,并通过德尔菲法进行优化,构建了旅游度假综合体的选址和风险评估指标体系,包括选址评估指标29个,风险评估指标15个,并且制定了风险的评判标准,同时给出了各指标评估打分的赋值方法。最后以浙江丽水“绿谷生态文化园”项目为例,进行了实证分析,根据体系评估得分,选出最佳方案,并给出项目开发的实际建议。
With Chinese rapid economic growth, disposable income and leisure time areincreasing, the main way of Chinese tourism changes from simple sightseeing toleisure, and development type transforms from simple scenic tourist to resortcomplex.
     There are not so many theoretical researches and practical experiences in thetourist resort complex study in China right now. It could also be found that due toproject decision-makers’ lack of scientific knowledge of resort complexes’ siteselection and risk, a considerable number of the project sites were short ofenvironmental conditions and nominal only, or they developed unsustainably byimproper risk assessment. It not only wasted a lot of financial and material resourcesof manpower, but also greatly limited the rational use of local culture and naturallandscape. Therefore, it is necessary to build a tourist resort complex site selectionand risk assessment index system to evaluate the project’s site selection.
     This paper firstly reviewed the related theory of tourism and risk knowledge. Therelated concepts were defined and made clear. Secondly, based on the extensiveliterature study, we defined related concepts of resort complex. Then we studied therelevant criteria and indicators system which were built by domestic and foreignresearchers, selected the appropriate evaluation indicators and built a tourist resortcomplex site selection and risk assessment index system, including29site evaluationindexes,15risk assessment indicators, and developed the site selection and riskcriteria, gave a assignment method of individual indicators as well. Finally, we madethe empirical analysis in Lishui. Green Valley eco-cultural park project, it obtainedthe relevant scores according to the assessment system, and then the best solution wasselected, and we gave practical recommendations for tourist resort complex projectdevelopment in the end.
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