湖南“3+5”城市群空间组织研究
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摘要
城市群的空间结构主要是由五大要素形成,它们是节点、通道、流、等级和网络。节点和通道是形成空间结构骨架的物质要素,流、等级和网络是形成空间属性的功能要素。城市的一切功能活动,都依托于各类城市物质要素的相互作用来进行的,这些诸多的物质要素及其功能活动总是依托一定的空间秩序有规律地联系在一起。文章主要是基于这五大要素,分别讨论湖南“3+5”城市群空间组织。研究的基本结论如下:
(一)从湖南“3+5”城市群的经济和城市发展状况看,其在整个湖南省处于非常重要的地位。与中原城市群和大武汉相比较,湖南“3+5”城市群在各方面比较优势不明显,相对于国内发展的比较成熟的城市群而言,湖南“3+5”城市群在各方面更是存在着很大的差距。
(二)对城市群内各节点的研究发现,在整个城市群中首位城市是长沙,长株潭城市群为核心区,次级城市包括岳阳、常德、益阳、娄底、衡阳。同时长沙是与株洲、岳阳、衡阳、娄底和益阳等五个城市经济联系最强的城市。
(三)用可达性计算公式对城市群陆路交通进行分析,分布状况为:以长株潭为中心,向外围呈环状逐渐降低的格局。总体来讲,无论是公路交通还是铁路交通,要提高交通可达性的总体水平以及其均衡性,主要依赖于加强可达性水平较低的地区公路、铁路交通网络的建设。
(四)对于城市群各节点城市的要素流,定性定量的分析结果表明,近年来,“3+5”城市群空间要素成集聚形式,且要素分布具有明显的空间指向性,即向长株潭核心区集聚。
(五)城市群等级方面,运用位序——规模分布分析,结果表明湖南“3+5”城市群基本形成了“中间大,两头小”的人口规模格局,城市群内已经形成较为成熟的规模等级体系。
(六)湖南“3+5”城市群空间组织,要着眼于塑造城市群的整体优势和促进各城市经济竞争和协作,以中心城市为核心,突出强化城市群中心城市的吸引和辐射带动作用,并以城市群内的交通通道为依托,通过城市群内各城市的组织和协调,推动城市群经济、社会、人口、资源、环境协调发展。
An urban agglomeration of space structure is formed by five major elements, namely, node, access roads, flow, level and networks, etc. The nodes and access roads are the material elements; and the low, level and a network of space property are the function of elements. All of the functions of the city are relying on the interaction of various city material elements, many of these material elements contact with their functional activities must always rely on space law .This paper mainly investigates the Hunan "3+5" urban agglomerations of space organizations which based on these five elements respectively. The basic conclusions are as follows:
(1) According to the situation of Hunan "3+5" group of cities and urban economic development, we can see that it plays a crucial role in the Hunan Province. Compared with the Central Plains City Group, the Wuhan, "3+5"urban agglomeration, Hunan "3+5" group of cities have no comparative advantages in any aspects. However, there is still a large gap between Hunan "3+5" group of cities and more mature domestic urban agglomeration.
(2) The study of each node within city group reveals that, among the entire city group, Changsha is the primacy, and Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group is the core area. Secondary cities include Yueyang, Changde, Yiyang, Loudi and Hengyang. Meanwhile, Changsha has the closest economic tie with Zhuzhou, Yueyang, Hengyang, Loudi and Yiyang, and has the secondary closest tie with Xiangtan and Changde City.
(3) According to the analysis of city groups’land transport which uses the accessibility formula, its distribution is basically consistent, specifically, with Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan as the center, and gradually reduce to periphery in the ring’s pattern. Generally speaking, either the road traffic or rail traffic, the major way to improve transport accessibility and the overall level of its balance is to strengthen the construction of regional road and railway transport network whose accessibility is in a lower level.
(4) The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the city node elements flow of the urban agglomeration results indicated that“3+5”urban agglomeration spatial factor concentrates and its distribution has the obvious spatial directive property in recent years. That is to say, spatial factor concentrates into the core area of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group.
(5) Sequence-scale distribution is used to study the urban population distribution in a country or region. Analysis proves that the population distribution of Hunan "3+5" urban agglomeration has basically formed a "large center, small periphery" pattern and the city group has shaped a comparatively mature hierarchy.
(6) The space organizations of Hunan "3+5" urban agglomerations, must focus on shaping the overall urban agglomeration advantages, promoting the city's economic competitiveness and collaboration, with central cities as the core, strengthening the attracting and radiation leading role of the centre city in urban agglomeration, at the same time, on the basis of traffic channel within cities, promoting the coordinated development in economy, society, population, resources and environment of urban agglomeration.
(一)从湖南“3+5”城市群的经济和城市发展状况看,其在整个湖南省处于非常重要的地位。与中原城市群和大武汉相比较,湖南“3+5”城市群在各方面比较优势不明显,相对于国内发展的比较成熟的城市群而言,湖南“3+5”城市群在各方面更是存在着很大的差距。
(二)对城市群内各节点的研究发现,在整个城市群中首位城市是长沙,长株潭城市群为核心区,次级城市包括岳阳、常德、益阳、娄底、衡阳。同时长沙是与株洲、岳阳、衡阳、娄底和益阳等五个城市经济联系最强的城市。
(三)用可达性计算公式对城市群陆路交通进行分析,分布状况为:以长株潭为中心,向外围呈环状逐渐降低的格局。总体来讲,无论是公路交通还是铁路交通,要提高交通可达性的总体水平以及其均衡性,主要依赖于加强可达性水平较低的地区公路、铁路交通网络的建设。
(四)对于城市群各节点城市的要素流,定性定量的分析结果表明,近年来,“3+5”城市群空间要素成集聚形式,且要素分布具有明显的空间指向性,即向长株潭核心区集聚。
(五)城市群等级方面,运用位序——规模分布分析,结果表明湖南“3+5”城市群基本形成了“中间大,两头小”的人口规模格局,城市群内已经形成较为成熟的规模等级体系。
(六)湖南“3+5”城市群空间组织,要着眼于塑造城市群的整体优势和促进各城市经济竞争和协作,以中心城市为核心,突出强化城市群中心城市的吸引和辐射带动作用,并以城市群内的交通通道为依托,通过城市群内各城市的组织和协调,推动城市群经济、社会、人口、资源、环境协调发展。
An urban agglomeration of space structure is formed by five major elements, namely, node, access roads, flow, level and networks, etc. The nodes and access roads are the material elements; and the low, level and a network of space property are the function of elements. All of the functions of the city are relying on the interaction of various city material elements, many of these material elements contact with their functional activities must always rely on space law .This paper mainly investigates the Hunan "3+5" urban agglomerations of space organizations which based on these five elements respectively. The basic conclusions are as follows:
(1) According to the situation of Hunan "3+5" group of cities and urban economic development, we can see that it plays a crucial role in the Hunan Province. Compared with the Central Plains City Group, the Wuhan, "3+5"urban agglomeration, Hunan "3+5" group of cities have no comparative advantages in any aspects. However, there is still a large gap between Hunan "3+5" group of cities and more mature domestic urban agglomeration.
(2) The study of each node within city group reveals that, among the entire city group, Changsha is the primacy, and Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group is the core area. Secondary cities include Yueyang, Changde, Yiyang, Loudi and Hengyang. Meanwhile, Changsha has the closest economic tie with Zhuzhou, Yueyang, Hengyang, Loudi and Yiyang, and has the secondary closest tie with Xiangtan and Changde City.
(3) According to the analysis of city groups’land transport which uses the accessibility formula, its distribution is basically consistent, specifically, with Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan as the center, and gradually reduce to periphery in the ring’s pattern. Generally speaking, either the road traffic or rail traffic, the major way to improve transport accessibility and the overall level of its balance is to strengthen the construction of regional road and railway transport network whose accessibility is in a lower level.
(4) The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the city node elements flow of the urban agglomeration results indicated that“3+5”urban agglomeration spatial factor concentrates and its distribution has the obvious spatial directive property in recent years. That is to say, spatial factor concentrates into the core area of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan City Group.
(5) Sequence-scale distribution is used to study the urban population distribution in a country or region. Analysis proves that the population distribution of Hunan "3+5" urban agglomeration has basically formed a "large center, small periphery" pattern and the city group has shaped a comparatively mature hierarchy.
(6) The space organizations of Hunan "3+5" urban agglomerations, must focus on shaping the overall urban agglomeration advantages, promoting the city's economic competitiveness and collaboration, with central cities as the core, strengthening the attracting and radiation leading role of the centre city in urban agglomeration, at the same time, on the basis of traffic channel within cities, promoting the coordinated development in economy, society, population, resources and environment of urban agglomeration.
引文
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