无锈蚀微烟微残渣射钉弹的研究
摘要
本文对射钉弹用击发药点火机理和发射药燃烧性能以及药物作用后的产物进行分析研究,寻找射钉弹射击后产生烟雾残渣腐蚀问题的解决途径。
通过对击发药不同组分、药剂粒度大小、混合的比例、制药和装药方法进行研究;对发射药不同组分、药剂的比例、药粒形状、粒度大小对燃烧性能的影响进行研究;在不同弹壳中装药,用不同型号枪支作射击试验,考核试验结果。
采用三硝基间苯二酚铅、四氮烯、玻璃粉、硝酸钡、二氧化铅,按一定的比例混制,干法混制的击发药,瞎火率高,装药时易发生压爆。采用湿法混制击发药,旋转方式装击发药,发火率大大提高。烟雾残渣腐蚀明显好转
选用含氮量高的硝化纤维,调节硝化纤维和硝化甘油的配比,制取较高能量的发射药,减少低活性物质和难分解物质的使用。可以获得射钉弹所需的药的能量,选择40——100目之间不同尺寸区间的片状药,装入合适型号的弹壳中,能够得到不同弹型所需的威力,同时解决药物未燃尽问题。
采用硝酸钡、二氧化铅替代氯酸钾作氧化剂,解决了对枪膛的腐蚀问题。
采用实验得出的药剂组分装药,能解决射钉弹射击后产生的烟雾残渣腐蚀问题。
The paper is mainly research the firing mechanism, combustion performance of explosive propellant and the response of the powder loads, seeking for the key to the situation of smog, residual and corrosion of powder loads.
The paper through researching the primer mixture difference, medicament size, granularity proportion, drugs manufacture and charge methods; researching the different component of explosive propellant, medicament proportion, medicine grain shape, medicament size, and these factors influence on the combustion performance; charging powder in different cartridge case, using different guns to make the firing experiment and inspection the test results.
Using the trinitrotoluene lead phenate, tetrazene, glass dust, barium nitrate, lead peroxide, according to specific proportion to mix. The misfire rate of primer mixture using dry process is low and easy to press explodes. If we using the wet method to mix and using the revolving way to charge, the rate of fire will be raised and the smog, residual and corrosion will be reduced.
Select the cellulose nitrate with high content of Nitrogen, adjust the allocated proportion of cellulose nitrate and nitroglycerine, make the explosive propellant with high energy, reduce the using of active material and difficult to decompose material, we can get the needs energy of powder loads. Select the laminated shape powder among 40 to 100 items, charging into appropriate type cartridge cases, we can get the different might of different cartridge type, we can often solute the not burnt completely simultaneously.
Using the barium nitrate. lead peroxide as oxidant instead of the potassium chlorate to Solute the corrosion for the bore of gun.
Using the test results to charge, we can solute the smog, residual and corrosion of powder loads after firing.
通过对击发药不同组分、药剂粒度大小、混合的比例、制药和装药方法进行研究;对发射药不同组分、药剂的比例、药粒形状、粒度大小对燃烧性能的影响进行研究;在不同弹壳中装药,用不同型号枪支作射击试验,考核试验结果。
采用三硝基间苯二酚铅、四氮烯、玻璃粉、硝酸钡、二氧化铅,按一定的比例混制,干法混制的击发药,瞎火率高,装药时易发生压爆。采用湿法混制击发药,旋转方式装击发药,发火率大大提高。烟雾残渣腐蚀明显好转
选用含氮量高的硝化纤维,调节硝化纤维和硝化甘油的配比,制取较高能量的发射药,减少低活性物质和难分解物质的使用。可以获得射钉弹所需的药的能量,选择40——100目之间不同尺寸区间的片状药,装入合适型号的弹壳中,能够得到不同弹型所需的威力,同时解决药物未燃尽问题。
采用硝酸钡、二氧化铅替代氯酸钾作氧化剂,解决了对枪膛的腐蚀问题。
采用实验得出的药剂组分装药,能解决射钉弹射击后产生的烟雾残渣腐蚀问题。
The paper is mainly research the firing mechanism, combustion performance of explosive propellant and the response of the powder loads, seeking for the key to the situation of smog, residual and corrosion of powder loads.
The paper through researching the primer mixture difference, medicament size, granularity proportion, drugs manufacture and charge methods; researching the different component of explosive propellant, medicament proportion, medicine grain shape, medicament size, and these factors influence on the combustion performance; charging powder in different cartridge case, using different guns to make the firing experiment and inspection the test results.
Using the trinitrotoluene lead phenate, tetrazene, glass dust, barium nitrate, lead peroxide, according to specific proportion to mix. The misfire rate of primer mixture using dry process is low and easy to press explodes. If we using the wet method to mix and using the revolving way to charge, the rate of fire will be raised and the smog, residual and corrosion will be reduced.
Select the cellulose nitrate with high content of Nitrogen, adjust the allocated proportion of cellulose nitrate and nitroglycerine, make the explosive propellant with high energy, reduce the using of active material and difficult to decompose material, we can get the needs energy of powder loads. Select the laminated shape powder among 40 to 100 items, charging into appropriate type cartridge cases, we can get the different might of different cartridge type, we can often solute the not burnt completely simultaneously.
Using the barium nitrate. lead peroxide as oxidant instead of the potassium chlorate to Solute the corrosion for the bore of gun.
Using the test results to charge, we can solute the smog, residual and corrosion of powder loads after firing.
引文
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2.王凯民.军用火工品设计技术.北京:国防工业出版社,2006
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8.刘庆荣.火药装药设计.北京:国防工业出版社,1986
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10.张续柱.双基火药.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1997
11.王德才.火药学.南京:南京理工大学,1988
12.王泽山.有关发射药和推进剂发展的一些观念.中国工程学,1999.92-93
13.王明东.球形药工艺研究.南京:华东工学院.学位论文.1962
14.徐建华.王泽山改性双基球形药的制备工艺研究.火炸药学报,24.2001.9-11
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16.王泽山.库存发射药的理化性能与弹道性能.南京:华东工学院1998
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18.王琼林.硝胺发射药燃速指数转折及其改善研究.火炸药学报,1.1993.34-36
19.王力.我国低爆速炸的现状.工程爆破,1988,80-82
20.黄长雄.化学工程手册.北京:化学工业出版社,1989
21.任玉立.火药化学与工艺学.北京:国防工业,1981
22.肖敏.5403内膛漆与RDX和TNT火炸药外相容性.表面技术.31.1.2002.55-57
23.零一教研室编.火药及装药设计.南京:华东工程学院,1977
24.曲作家.燃烧理论基础.北京:国防工业,1989
25.宋洪昌.火药燃烧模型和燃速预估方法的研究.华东工学院,博士论文
26.赵风起.含催化剂RDX-CMD8推进剂燃烧机理研究.固体火箭技术,22.1.1999.50-53
27.金长荣.火烽药理论与实践.中国北方化学总公司,2001
28.周起槐.火药物理化学性能.北京:国防工业出版社,2000
29.赵凤起.三种碳物质对RDX-CMDB推进剂热分解的影响.固体火箭技术,23,2,2000.39-43
30.惠君明.炸药爆炸理论.南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1995
31.王为.低爆速炸药中密度调节剂的优选.爆破.17,1,2000,73-76
32.余运辉.低爆速炸药研制备.材料开发与应用.9,6,1994,20-23
33.C.H约翰逊.猛炸药爆轰学.北京:国防工业出版社,1970
34.段卫东.低爆速炸药强起爆时过压爆轰断长度计算.爆破,1,1998
35.王煊军.一种工业炸药爆速估算的新方法.南京理工大学学报,20,5,1996,389-382
36.惠君明.炸药爆炸理论.南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1995
37.《炸药理论》编写组.炸药理论.北京:国防工业出版社,1982
38.魏晓安.废弃发射药制造炸药的应用研究.南京理工大学:博士论文
39.张丽华.用废弃发射药制造民用炸药的研究.南京理工大学:博士论文
2.王凯民.军用火工品设计技术.北京:国防工业出版社,2006
3.丁世用.弹药.北京:现代兵器与技术丛书,1989
4.劳允亮.起爆药化学与工艺学.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995
5.金泽渊.火炸药与装药概论.北京:兵器工业出版社,1996
6.赵宝昌.硝胍发射药.北京:兵器工业出版社,1976
7.陈舒林.火药设计与制造.北京:兵器工业出版社,1987
8.刘庆荣.火药装药设计.北京:国防工业出版社,1986
9.张柏生.火药燃烧导论.南京:华东工学院.1988
10.张续柱.双基火药.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1997
11.王德才.火药学.南京:南京理工大学,1988
12.王泽山.有关发射药和推进剂发展的一些观念.中国工程学,1999.92-93
13.王明东.球形药工艺研究.南京:华东工学院.学位论文.1962
14.徐建华.王泽山改性双基球形药的制备工艺研究.火炸药学报,24.2001.9-11
15.104所.国防储备发射药加速老化实验.“866”会议文件
16.王泽山.库存发射药的理化性能与弹道性能.南京:华东工学院1998
17.总后军械维.有关炮用发射药的试验情况.“866”会议文件,1987.
18.王琼林.硝胺发射药燃速指数转折及其改善研究.火炸药学报,1.1993.34-36
19.王力.我国低爆速炸的现状.工程爆破,1988,80-82
20.黄长雄.化学工程手册.北京:化学工业出版社,1989
21.任玉立.火药化学与工艺学.北京:国防工业,1981
22.肖敏.5403内膛漆与RDX和TNT火炸药外相容性.表面技术.31.1.2002.55-57
23.零一教研室编.火药及装药设计.南京:华东工程学院,1977
24.曲作家.燃烧理论基础.北京:国防工业,1989
25.宋洪昌.火药燃烧模型和燃速预估方法的研究.华东工学院,博士论文
26.赵风起.含催化剂RDX-CMD8推进剂燃烧机理研究.固体火箭技术,22.1.1999.50-53
27.金长荣.火烽药理论与实践.中国北方化学总公司,2001
28.周起槐.火药物理化学性能.北京:国防工业出版社,2000
29.赵凤起.三种碳物质对RDX-CMDB推进剂热分解的影响.固体火箭技术,23,2,2000.39-43
30.惠君明.炸药爆炸理论.南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1995
31.王为.低爆速炸药中密度调节剂的优选.爆破.17,1,2000,73-76
32.余运辉.低爆速炸药研制备.材料开发与应用.9,6,1994,20-23
33.C.H约翰逊.猛炸药爆轰学.北京:国防工业出版社,1970
34.段卫东.低爆速炸药强起爆时过压爆轰断长度计算.爆破,1,1998
35.王煊军.一种工业炸药爆速估算的新方法.南京理工大学学报,20,5,1996,389-382
36.惠君明.炸药爆炸理论.南京:江苏科学技术出版社,1995
37.《炸药理论》编写组.炸药理论.北京:国防工业出版社,1982
38.魏晓安.废弃发射药制造炸药的应用研究.南京理工大学:博士论文
39.张丽华.用废弃发射药制造民用炸药的研究.南京理工大学:博士论文