航天Arisa服装排料CAD系统的分析与设计
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摘要
排料问题就是在给定的布局空间内,遵照一定的约束条件,以最优的组合方式将待排物体合理地放置在布局空间中,使布局空间达到尽可能高的利用率。排料构思是否合理将直接影响到空间利用率的高低,决定了原材料的耗费量与成本的高低,所以提高原材料的利用率是降低生产成本、提高产品竞争力的主要手段之一。
随着计算机技术的普及,计算机辅助设计已成为各行各业提高生产效率、增强市场竞争能力的重要手段。服装CAD系统贯穿服装生产的各个环节,通常可以分为四大模块:款式设计模块、打板模块、推板模块、排料模块。在这四个模块当中,款式设计、打板与推板这三个模块都只牵涉到服装技术,是对服装生产技术的辅助,与生产成本并无多少直接关系,然而服装裁片的排料结果却是直接关系到面料的使用量,决定了面料投入成本的多少,所以设计与优化服装排料CAD系统是十分具有经济价值的。
国外的服装排料CAD系统开发较早,技术也比较成熟,但是这些国外的排料软件开发商把开发思路、排料算法都做为商业秘密不予公开,所以我国的服装排料CAD系统在开发上需要自行摸索。航天Arisa服装排料CAD系统做为国内最早开发的服装排料软件,曾经在许多服装企业发挥了作用,帮助企业提高了生产效率、节约了生产成本。然而现代科技发展迅猛,服装行业的生产技术也是日新月异,航天Arisa服装排料CAD系统已经满足不了新形势下服装企业的排料需求,亟待优化升级。
当前的服装CAD排料系统,存在的主要问题不是具体程序的编写,而是开发思路的设计。在设计开发思路时,程序设计人员往往更多地考虑了计算机语言,却忽略了服装行业的特性,导致所开发的系统更符合计算机专业人员的思维方式,而不太接近服装专业人员对服装的思维方式,换言之就是计算机专业人员的计算机辅助排料系统,而不是服装专业人员的计算机辅助排料系统。所以如何把计算机平台转换成服装平台是研发服装CAD系统的关键,转换程度的高低决定了系统性能的高低。从服装的专业特点出发,提出航天Arisa服装排料CAD系统的优化、升级方案,是本论文的工作内容。
针对二维不规则衣服裁片在定宽不定长面料上的排料问题,本文分析了服装CAD排料系统中计算机辅助排料的原则,详细分析了计算机辅助服装排料的优势、计算机辅助服装排料的功能、计算机排料的方法、排料图设计的规则等。
The clothing marking question, is in the layout space which assigns, obeys certain constraints, will wait a row of object by the most superior combination way to lay aside reasonably in the layout space, enables the layout space to achieve as far as possible the high use factor. The marking forms in one's mind whether the immediate influence to the spatial use factor's height, to have decided reasonably raw material consumption quantity and the cost height, therefore enhances raw material the use factor is reduces the production cost, to enhance one of product competitive power principal means.
Along with computer technology's popularization, the computer-aided design has become the various trades and occupations to raise the production efficiency, to strengthen the market competition ability the important means that as the clothing CAD system, each link which produces regarding the clothing, usually may divide into four big modules:The fashion design, pattern, graded pattern, clothing marking. In these four modules, the fashion design, pattern with graded pattern these three modules only to involve to the clothing technology, is to clothing production technology auxiliary, and does not have how many direct relation with the production cost, however the clothing cut-out pieces of material's marking result is actually the direct relation lining amount of use, has decided lining invested cost how many, therefore the design and the optimized clothing marking's CAD system has the economic value.
Compared to, the domestically produced clothing marking system has many deficiencies generally, the overseas marking system development, the technology also is quite early mature, but these overseas marking commercial software developer the development mentality, the marking algorithm makes for the business secret does not give publicly, therefore the domestic clothing marking system needs to try to find out voluntarily in the development, Hangtian Arisa the clothing marking software makes the clothing marking system which develops most early for the home, once had played the role in many clothing enterprises, helped the enterprise to raise the production efficiency, to save the production cost. The modern technology development is swift and violent, the clothing profession's production technology is also changes with each new day, under the new situation has the new request, Hangtian Arisa clothing marking system also urgently needs the optimization.
The current clothing CAD marking system, the existence subject matter is not the concrete program compilation, but is develops the mentality the design, when design development mentality, the programmers more had often considered the machine language, has actually neglected the characteristic which many clothings produce, so that develops the system conforms to the computer professional's thinking mode, but not too close clothing professional to clothing's thinking mode. Says from some kind of degree is the computer professional's auxiliary dress designing system likely, but is not the clothing professional's computer-aided design system. How transformed the computer platform the clothing platform is researches and develops clothing CAD system's key, the transformation degree height has decided the system performance height. Embarks from clothing's specialized characteristic, proposed that Hangtian Arisa clothing marking system's optimization, the promotion plan, are the present paper research contents.
In decided on the wide not fixed-length lining in view of the two-dimensional anomalous clothes cut-out pieces of material the marking question, the present paper has analyzed in the clothing CAD marking software the computer auxiliary clothing marking principle, multianalysis computer auxiliary clothing marking superiority, marking chart design rule, computer marking method, computer auxiliary clothing marking function and so on.
随着计算机技术的普及,计算机辅助设计已成为各行各业提高生产效率、增强市场竞争能力的重要手段。服装CAD系统贯穿服装生产的各个环节,通常可以分为四大模块:款式设计模块、打板模块、推板模块、排料模块。在这四个模块当中,款式设计、打板与推板这三个模块都只牵涉到服装技术,是对服装生产技术的辅助,与生产成本并无多少直接关系,然而服装裁片的排料结果却是直接关系到面料的使用量,决定了面料投入成本的多少,所以设计与优化服装排料CAD系统是十分具有经济价值的。
国外的服装排料CAD系统开发较早,技术也比较成熟,但是这些国外的排料软件开发商把开发思路、排料算法都做为商业秘密不予公开,所以我国的服装排料CAD系统在开发上需要自行摸索。航天Arisa服装排料CAD系统做为国内最早开发的服装排料软件,曾经在许多服装企业发挥了作用,帮助企业提高了生产效率、节约了生产成本。然而现代科技发展迅猛,服装行业的生产技术也是日新月异,航天Arisa服装排料CAD系统已经满足不了新形势下服装企业的排料需求,亟待优化升级。
当前的服装CAD排料系统,存在的主要问题不是具体程序的编写,而是开发思路的设计。在设计开发思路时,程序设计人员往往更多地考虑了计算机语言,却忽略了服装行业的特性,导致所开发的系统更符合计算机专业人员的思维方式,而不太接近服装专业人员对服装的思维方式,换言之就是计算机专业人员的计算机辅助排料系统,而不是服装专业人员的计算机辅助排料系统。所以如何把计算机平台转换成服装平台是研发服装CAD系统的关键,转换程度的高低决定了系统性能的高低。从服装的专业特点出发,提出航天Arisa服装排料CAD系统的优化、升级方案,是本论文的工作内容。
针对二维不规则衣服裁片在定宽不定长面料上的排料问题,本文分析了服装CAD排料系统中计算机辅助排料的原则,详细分析了计算机辅助服装排料的优势、计算机辅助服装排料的功能、计算机排料的方法、排料图设计的规则等。
The clothing marking question, is in the layout space which assigns, obeys certain constraints, will wait a row of object by the most superior combination way to lay aside reasonably in the layout space, enables the layout space to achieve as far as possible the high use factor. The marking forms in one's mind whether the immediate influence to the spatial use factor's height, to have decided reasonably raw material consumption quantity and the cost height, therefore enhances raw material the use factor is reduces the production cost, to enhance one of product competitive power principal means.
Along with computer technology's popularization, the computer-aided design has become the various trades and occupations to raise the production efficiency, to strengthen the market competition ability the important means that as the clothing CAD system, each link which produces regarding the clothing, usually may divide into four big modules:The fashion design, pattern, graded pattern, clothing marking. In these four modules, the fashion design, pattern with graded pattern these three modules only to involve to the clothing technology, is to clothing production technology auxiliary, and does not have how many direct relation with the production cost, however the clothing cut-out pieces of material's marking result is actually the direct relation lining amount of use, has decided lining invested cost how many, therefore the design and the optimized clothing marking's CAD system has the economic value.
Compared to, the domestically produced clothing marking system has many deficiencies generally, the overseas marking system development, the technology also is quite early mature, but these overseas marking commercial software developer the development mentality, the marking algorithm makes for the business secret does not give publicly, therefore the domestic clothing marking system needs to try to find out voluntarily in the development, Hangtian Arisa the clothing marking software makes the clothing marking system which develops most early for the home, once had played the role in many clothing enterprises, helped the enterprise to raise the production efficiency, to save the production cost. The modern technology development is swift and violent, the clothing profession's production technology is also changes with each new day, under the new situation has the new request, Hangtian Arisa clothing marking system also urgently needs the optimization.
The current clothing CAD marking system, the existence subject matter is not the concrete program compilation, but is develops the mentality the design, when design development mentality, the programmers more had often considered the machine language, has actually neglected the characteristic which many clothings produce, so that develops the system conforms to the computer professional's thinking mode, but not too close clothing professional to clothing's thinking mode. Says from some kind of degree is the computer professional's auxiliary dress designing system likely, but is not the clothing professional's computer-aided design system. How transformed the computer platform the clothing platform is researches and develops clothing CAD system's key, the transformation degree height has decided the system performance height. Embarks from clothing's specialized characteristic, proposed that Hangtian Arisa clothing marking system's optimization, the promotion plan, are the present paper research contents.
In decided on the wide not fixed-length lining in view of the two-dimensional anomalous clothes cut-out pieces of material the marking question, the present paper has analyzed in the clothing CAD marking software the computer auxiliary clothing marking principle, multianalysis computer auxiliary clothing marking superiority, marking chart design rule, computer marking method, computer auxiliary clothing marking function and so on.
引文
[1]徐彦欣,彭文一 二维矩形板材排料的产生式规则方法 机械设计,1997,12(6):35-37
[2]周私一,金廷赞 二维不规则形状的最优布局问题—计算机辅助服装裁片自动排料系统 浙江大学学报,1988,12(3):92-99
[3]雷伟 服装百科辞典 北京:学苑出版社,1994
[4]宋玉贤 服装CAD开发的新视角 纺织学报,1989,12(5):38-41
[5]闻力生 我国服装CAD的使用和发展 服装科技,2006,12(6):11-13
[6]李兰友,张洪志,韩其 服装CAD原理与应用 上海:中国纺织出版社,1995
[7]叶润德,赵华 国内外服装CAD的现状与发展 纺织机械,1996,12(5):29-32
[8]周德义,廖光寿 计算机辅助服装自动排料系统 北京轻工业学院学报,1988,12(7):31-35
[9]金廷赞 计算机图形学 杭州:浙江大学出版社,1988
[10]朱辉,杨建国,张瑞云 服装电脑设计 上海:复旦大学出版社,1996
[11]赵宗金,陈秋娜 计算机优化排料 电子工业技术,1996,12(4):23-25
[12]范鸣玉,张莹 最优化技术基础 北京:清华大学出版社,1982
[13]黄文兰,王渝,周细 服装CAD中的交互式自动排料的平移算法 华中理工大学学报,1994,12(6):76-79
[14]陆还珠 计算机辅助生成服装应用图和排料图 计算机应用,1991,12(2):31-35
[15]史美泰,季耀兴 服装紧密排料法 第2版 上海:上海文化出版社,1985
[16]中华人民共和国标准·服装号型GB1335.1
[17]徐佳 服装CAD实践 上海:中国纺织出版社,1997
[18]张伯钧,邱微华,邵世煌 计算机辅助服装设计的几何模型研究 纺织学报,1989,12(9):412-419
[19]张秉森 服装工艺CAD设计实例 服装科技,1997,12(3):18-21
[20]郭晓芳,张鸿志 服装CAD之基本衣片纸样输入新方法 天津工业大学学报,2002,24(21):83-84
[21]Michel Carigman,Ying Yang,Nadia Magnenat Thalman,Daniel Thalman.Dressing Amimated Synthetic Actors With Complex Deformable Clothes.computer Graphics.1992,26(2):22-30
[22]张鸿志 企业如何进行服装CAD选型 服装科技,1998,12(8):34-37
[23]余泳文 三维身体测量及合身裁剪服装 纺织学报,2006,20(3):156-159
[24]李旭 服装CAD/CAM的特点及其总体评估 浙江丝绸工学院学报,1996,13(6):21-27
[25]Istook.Cynthia.Enabling mass customization.Computer driven alteration methods.2002,14(1):61-76
[26]He Yan.CAD/CAM adoption US textile and apparel industries.JCST,2002,2:132-140
[27]鲍青山 计算机辅助服装排板系统的设计与实现 纺织学报,1996,17(4):42-43
[28]Istook.Cynthia.Computer-driven alteration Basic Block and Adapted Clothing Pattern.Textile Research Journal,1995,2:29-35
[29]刘雁 智能服装设计系统研究 东华大学学报,2003,29(2):21-25
[30]秦卫光 服装造型CAD中形变—位移模型的建立与求解 天津纺织工学院学报,1998,17(2):64-72
[31]李健丽 电脑服装设计 第二版 武汉:武汉大学出版社,2005
[32][英]斯蒂芬,格瑞著 张辉,张玲译 服装CAD/CAM概论,北京:中国纺织出版社,2000
[33]陈建春 Microsoft VisualC++图形系统开发技术基础 北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[34]吴俊 国产服装CAD的应用推广探析 郑州纺织工学院学报,1998,9(4):14-17
[35][美]OriCurewich,Nathan Gurewich 精通VisualC++2.0 for Windows95 北 京:学苑出版社,1996
[36]Adamowicz,Albano.A two stage solution of the cutting problem.Inforrmation processing,1996,17:3-14
[37]盂凡彬 服装裁剪专家系统 北京服装学院学报,2007,12(2):30-37
[38]傅毅 针织服装CAD排料系统 北京服装学院学报,1995,15(2):44-49
[39]Kathlyn Swantko.PAD System Technologies Focuseson Simplification.Knifing Times,1997,5:52-57
[40]Z.linand,S.C.Harlock.IT & knitting.The Indian Textile Journal,2002,8:69-73
[41]Daniel Thalmann.Patern—German Engineering within CAD.Apparel Intenrational,1997,5:66-73
[42]Istook.Cynthia.Enabling mass customization.Computer driven alteration methods.2002,14(1):61-76
[43]Roger Ng,C.K.Chen,Raymond Au,T.Y.Pong.Computer Modeling for Fashion Design.Textile Asia,1997,9:32-35
[44]王建萍 裙·裤装电脑打板原理 上海:中国纺织大学出版社,1999
[45]鲍青山 服装布料自动裁剪机器人系统的研究 纺织学报,1996,17(2):102-103
[46]张文斌 服装工艺学 北京:中国纺织出版社,2001
[2]周私一,金廷赞 二维不规则形状的最优布局问题—计算机辅助服装裁片自动排料系统 浙江大学学报,1988,12(3):92-99
[3]雷伟 服装百科辞典 北京:学苑出版社,1994
[4]宋玉贤 服装CAD开发的新视角 纺织学报,1989,12(5):38-41
[5]闻力生 我国服装CAD的使用和发展 服装科技,2006,12(6):11-13
[6]李兰友,张洪志,韩其 服装CAD原理与应用 上海:中国纺织出版社,1995
[7]叶润德,赵华 国内外服装CAD的现状与发展 纺织机械,1996,12(5):29-32
[8]周德义,廖光寿 计算机辅助服装自动排料系统 北京轻工业学院学报,1988,12(7):31-35
[9]金廷赞 计算机图形学 杭州:浙江大学出版社,1988
[10]朱辉,杨建国,张瑞云 服装电脑设计 上海:复旦大学出版社,1996
[11]赵宗金,陈秋娜 计算机优化排料 电子工业技术,1996,12(4):23-25
[12]范鸣玉,张莹 最优化技术基础 北京:清华大学出版社,1982
[13]黄文兰,王渝,周细 服装CAD中的交互式自动排料的平移算法 华中理工大学学报,1994,12(6):76-79
[14]陆还珠 计算机辅助生成服装应用图和排料图 计算机应用,1991,12(2):31-35
[15]史美泰,季耀兴 服装紧密排料法 第2版 上海:上海文化出版社,1985
[16]中华人民共和国标准·服装号型GB1335.1
[17]徐佳 服装CAD实践 上海:中国纺织出版社,1997
[18]张伯钧,邱微华,邵世煌 计算机辅助服装设计的几何模型研究 纺织学报,1989,12(9):412-419
[19]张秉森 服装工艺CAD设计实例 服装科技,1997,12(3):18-21
[20]郭晓芳,张鸿志 服装CAD之基本衣片纸样输入新方法 天津工业大学学报,2002,24(21):83-84
[21]Michel Carigman,Ying Yang,Nadia Magnenat Thalman,Daniel Thalman.Dressing Amimated Synthetic Actors With Complex Deformable Clothes.computer Graphics.1992,26(2):22-30
[22]张鸿志 企业如何进行服装CAD选型 服装科技,1998,12(8):34-37
[23]余泳文 三维身体测量及合身裁剪服装 纺织学报,2006,20(3):156-159
[24]李旭 服装CAD/CAM的特点及其总体评估 浙江丝绸工学院学报,1996,13(6):21-27
[25]Istook.Cynthia.Enabling mass customization.Computer driven alteration methods.2002,14(1):61-76
[26]He Yan.CAD/CAM adoption US textile and apparel industries.JCST,2002,2:132-140
[27]鲍青山 计算机辅助服装排板系统的设计与实现 纺织学报,1996,17(4):42-43
[28]Istook.Cynthia.Computer-driven alteration Basic Block and Adapted Clothing Pattern.Textile Research Journal,1995,2:29-35
[29]刘雁 智能服装设计系统研究 东华大学学报,2003,29(2):21-25
[30]秦卫光 服装造型CAD中形变—位移模型的建立与求解 天津纺织工学院学报,1998,17(2):64-72
[31]李健丽 电脑服装设计 第二版 武汉:武汉大学出版社,2005
[32][英]斯蒂芬,格瑞著 张辉,张玲译 服装CAD/CAM概论,北京:中国纺织出版社,2000
[33]陈建春 Microsoft VisualC++图形系统开发技术基础 北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[34]吴俊 国产服装CAD的应用推广探析 郑州纺织工学院学报,1998,9(4):14-17
[35][美]OriCurewich,Nathan Gurewich 精通VisualC++2.0 for Windows95 北 京:学苑出版社,1996
[36]Adamowicz,Albano.A two stage solution of the cutting problem.Inforrmation processing,1996,17:3-14
[37]盂凡彬 服装裁剪专家系统 北京服装学院学报,2007,12(2):30-37
[38]傅毅 针织服装CAD排料系统 北京服装学院学报,1995,15(2):44-49
[39]Kathlyn Swantko.PAD System Technologies Focuseson Simplification.Knifing Times,1997,5:52-57
[40]Z.linand,S.C.Harlock.IT & knitting.The Indian Textile Journal,2002,8:69-73
[41]Daniel Thalmann.Patern—German Engineering within CAD.Apparel Intenrational,1997,5:66-73
[42]Istook.Cynthia.Enabling mass customization.Computer driven alteration methods.2002,14(1):61-76
[43]Roger Ng,C.K.Chen,Raymond Au,T.Y.Pong.Computer Modeling for Fashion Design.Textile Asia,1997,9:32-35
[44]王建萍 裙·裤装电脑打板原理 上海:中国纺织大学出版社,1999
[45]鲍青山 服装布料自动裁剪机器人系统的研究 纺织学报,1996,17(2):102-103
[46]张文斌 服装工艺学 北京:中国纺织出版社,2001