深部软岩巷道围岩稳定性分析与控制技术研究
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摘要
深部软岩巷道稳定性控制课题一直是国内外地下工程支护的难题之一。新世纪以来,浅部矿产资源的匮缺导致开采深度逐年增加,而深部开采面临的地质环境相对复杂。不定因素时常引发突发性工程灾害和重大恶性事故,作业环境恶化,加之生产成本急剧加大,对传统深部支护方式形成了严峻挑战。所以结合理论创新和工程实践形成新的深部软岩巷道支护理论体系至关重要。研究深部软岩巷道的稳定性控制技术具有深远意义。
本论文主要针对赵楼煤矿千米大埋深井底车场硐室、交叉点、泵房、回风巷道等处的支护结构中存在的问题,通过岩样分析和物理力学性质试验、地应力测试、松动圈测试、数值模拟分析等手段,得出了深部软岩巷道的破坏机理,确定了合理的支护结构和支护参数。通过以锚注为核心,预应力锚索和锚杆为辅助支护结构的三锚联合支护技术,结合控顶放压技术和底臌控制技术解决了深部软岩巷道的稳定性控制问题。支护后的矿压监测数据证明了稳定性控制技术的成功。本论文总结了深部软弱围岩特有的力学特征,分析了围岩的破坏形态和破坏机理,提出了锚注加固结构、预应力锚索和锚杆的承载机理以及底臌的治理方法。并根据复杂围岩结构所具有的弹塑性特点,运用大松动圈支护理论揭示了联合支护体系对围岩塑性区发展规律的影响,提出综合治理软岩巷道的新方法。
本论文应用显式有限差分程序FLAC3D结合有限元软件ANSYS对赵楼煤矿4#交叉点处的巷道支护方式进行了数值模拟,对多种预案进行了评价,内容包括交叉点内岩体开挖后存在围岩流变、预案支护后围岩的受力情况、塑性区的变化等,重点研究了二次支护时机的确定方法。通过对四种预案支护效果的比较,验证了以三锚支护理论为核心,结合控顶卸压技术和底鼓防治技术的联合支护方式在深部软岩巷道稳定性综合控制上的作用,并且总结了数值模拟的新方法。
Stability analysis and control subject in deep-seated soft rock roadway is always one of the puzzles in underground engineering field at home and abroad. Since the new century, With reducing of shallow mineral resources, exploit depth increasing year by year. Deep-seated exploit faces relatively complicated geological environment. Burst casualty and heavy accidents are more frequent happened by some uncertainty, work environment is more formidable, additionally cost of production is rising rapidly, which challenge the supporting engineering in the deep-seated resoure exploit. Therefore, combining theoretical innovation and engineering practice to form the new deep soft rock supporting system theory is very important. It is very important and meaningful to study proper supporting technique in deep-seated soft rock roadway.
This paper mainly studied the existed Problem in chamber, intersection, pump room, and returnaircourse of supporting structure in Zhaolou mine, which is deeper than one thousand meters and through mineral component analysis and physical property test, ground stress test, loose cricle text, numerical simulation analysis and so on to design proper supporting structure and parameters. With grouting-bolting as the kernel, pre-stressed anchor rope and anchor as the auxiliary structure, the three-bolting combined supporting system combining pressure-relief technology of roof control and laneway floor heave control technology solved the supporting stability problem in deep-seated soft rock roadway. After supporting pressure monitoring data proved the stability control technology of success. This paper summarizes the mechanics characteristic of deep-seated soft rock, analysis the failure form and failure mechanism of surrounding rock. Propose the bearing mechanism of grouting-bolting supporting structure, pre-stressed anchor rope and anchor, show laneway floor heave control technology. According to elastic-plastic properties of the complex surrounding rock structure, using large loose circle theory combined bolting system reveals development regularity of surrounding rock plastic zone, propose a new expoit method of soft rock roadway.
This paper used th efinite-difference program FLAC3D combining the Finite element program ANSYS to simulates upporting methods in the 4# Intersection, Evaluated the various plans, including the rheologic change after exeavation of 4# Intersection, the stress cases of supporting rock after plans, the changes of elastic-plastic areas and so on, especially selection of the best supporting period of time. Based on four kinds of supporting plan effect, Verify the effects of three-bolting combined supporting system combining pressure-relief technology of roof control and laneway floor heave control technology in stability comprehensive control of deep-seated soft roadway.
本论文主要针对赵楼煤矿千米大埋深井底车场硐室、交叉点、泵房、回风巷道等处的支护结构中存在的问题,通过岩样分析和物理力学性质试验、地应力测试、松动圈测试、数值模拟分析等手段,得出了深部软岩巷道的破坏机理,确定了合理的支护结构和支护参数。通过以锚注为核心,预应力锚索和锚杆为辅助支护结构的三锚联合支护技术,结合控顶放压技术和底臌控制技术解决了深部软岩巷道的稳定性控制问题。支护后的矿压监测数据证明了稳定性控制技术的成功。本论文总结了深部软弱围岩特有的力学特征,分析了围岩的破坏形态和破坏机理,提出了锚注加固结构、预应力锚索和锚杆的承载机理以及底臌的治理方法。并根据复杂围岩结构所具有的弹塑性特点,运用大松动圈支护理论揭示了联合支护体系对围岩塑性区发展规律的影响,提出综合治理软岩巷道的新方法。
本论文应用显式有限差分程序FLAC3D结合有限元软件ANSYS对赵楼煤矿4#交叉点处的巷道支护方式进行了数值模拟,对多种预案进行了评价,内容包括交叉点内岩体开挖后存在围岩流变、预案支护后围岩的受力情况、塑性区的变化等,重点研究了二次支护时机的确定方法。通过对四种预案支护效果的比较,验证了以三锚支护理论为核心,结合控顶卸压技术和底鼓防治技术的联合支护方式在深部软岩巷道稳定性综合控制上的作用,并且总结了数值模拟的新方法。
Stability analysis and control subject in deep-seated soft rock roadway is always one of the puzzles in underground engineering field at home and abroad. Since the new century, With reducing of shallow mineral resources, exploit depth increasing year by year. Deep-seated exploit faces relatively complicated geological environment. Burst casualty and heavy accidents are more frequent happened by some uncertainty, work environment is more formidable, additionally cost of production is rising rapidly, which challenge the supporting engineering in the deep-seated resoure exploit. Therefore, combining theoretical innovation and engineering practice to form the new deep soft rock supporting system theory is very important. It is very important and meaningful to study proper supporting technique in deep-seated soft rock roadway.
This paper mainly studied the existed Problem in chamber, intersection, pump room, and returnaircourse of supporting structure in Zhaolou mine, which is deeper than one thousand meters and through mineral component analysis and physical property test, ground stress test, loose cricle text, numerical simulation analysis and so on to design proper supporting structure and parameters. With grouting-bolting as the kernel, pre-stressed anchor rope and anchor as the auxiliary structure, the three-bolting combined supporting system combining pressure-relief technology of roof control and laneway floor heave control technology solved the supporting stability problem in deep-seated soft rock roadway. After supporting pressure monitoring data proved the stability control technology of success. This paper summarizes the mechanics characteristic of deep-seated soft rock, analysis the failure form and failure mechanism of surrounding rock. Propose the bearing mechanism of grouting-bolting supporting structure, pre-stressed anchor rope and anchor, show laneway floor heave control technology. According to elastic-plastic properties of the complex surrounding rock structure, using large loose circle theory combined bolting system reveals development regularity of surrounding rock plastic zone, propose a new expoit method of soft rock roadway.
This paper used th efinite-difference program FLAC3D combining the Finite element program ANSYS to simulates upporting methods in the 4# Intersection, Evaluated the various plans, including the rheologic change after exeavation of 4# Intersection, the stress cases of supporting rock after plans, the changes of elastic-plastic areas and so on, especially selection of the best supporting period of time. Based on four kinds of supporting plan effect, Verify the effects of three-bolting combined supporting system combining pressure-relief technology of roof control and laneway floor heave control technology in stability comprehensive control of deep-seated soft roadway.
引文
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