三维地籍数据模型的构建与系统实现
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摘要
地籍是土地的“户籍”,是国家管理土地资源和资产的工具,对明确土地权属关系、维护土地市场正常秩序等具有重大的意义。但随着城市发展纵向化和土地利用立体化趋势的增强,现有以地表权利为核心的二维地籍显然不能满足现实地籍管理工作的需要。如何界定三维地籍相关概念、构建三维地籍数据模型以及技术实现等问题越来越多地受到了学术界和业界的关注。
文章通过对现有三维地籍研究成果的分析,概括出现有三维地籍研究热点主要集中在法律法规、可视化、空间分析以及数据模型等方而。在此基础上,文章从理论分析、模型构建以及系统实现等方面对三维地籍数据模型进行了系统研究。
理论分析：文章首先对三维地籍、产权体等相关概念进行了界定,然后对三维地籍空间要素进行了归纳分类,并运用9交模型对三维地籍空间要素拓扑关系以及参数量算等进行了分析和研究。最后在对现有三维数据模型进行比较分析的基础上,构建了既能满足地籍实体对象精确表达,又能满足拓扑分析需要的三维地籍数据模型。
模型构建：文章在三维地籍数据模型构建的研究中,首先将“产权体”的概念引入到对三维地籍的研究中去,此研究方法不仅可以丰富和完善三维地籍相关概念,更好地对地籍实体对象及其权属关系进行表达,也能满足“房地合一”模式下不动产统一登记的需要。在此基础上构建的三维地籍数据模型,较之现有三维地籍数据模型研究成果在可视化表达和拓扑分析等方面具有一定的先进性,既兼顾了几何数据模型在可视化方面的优点,又具备了拓扑数据模型在拓扑分析方面的优势。
系统实现：文章以浙江省诸暨市区地籍数据为研究对象,在讨论了二维地籍数据库向三维地籍数据库转换流程的基础上,通过ARCGIS平台对三维地籍数据模型进行了系统实现。系统实现效果表明,该三维地籍数据模型既可以实现对地籍实体对象的精确表达,也可以清晰显示地籍实体对象内部结构,还可以将地籍登记的基本单元细化到产权单元。同时,该系统实现结果表明,文章所构建的村维地籍数据模型在可视化表达和拓扑分析等方面能较好的满足现实地籍管理工作的需要。
Cadastre, the household registry of land, is the national tool of the managementof land resources and land propetry, which is of vital importance in clarifying theauthority of land and keeping the regular order in land market. With the longitudinaldevelopment of cities and the enhancement of the three-dimensional land utility, it'sobvious that the existing two-dimensional cadastre which takes the right of Earthsurface as the core can't meet the current need of cadastre management. So, more andmore concerns have been paid to the following questions: how to define thedefinitions and concepts relating to three-dimensional cadastre? How to construct thethree-dimensional cadastre data model? How to realize these questions technically?
The thesis, via the analysis of the previous studies on three-dimensional cadastre,generalizes that the previous researches on three-dimensional cadastre mainly focuson the following aspects: laws and regulations, visualization, spatial analysis, datamodel and so on. On the basis of the previous studies, the present study researches onthree-dimensional cadastre data model systemically from the following aspects:theoretical analysis, model construction, system inplementation, etc.
Theoretical Analysis: at ifrst, the thesis defines the following concepts, such asthree-dimensional cadastre, property rights system. Then, it classiifes the spatialelements in three-dimensional cadastre, and uses 9-intersection model to analyze thetopological relation and parameter measurement in three-dimensional cadastre. At last,on the basis of the comparative analysis of the existing three-dimensional cadastremodel, it constructs a three-dimensional cadastre model which can not only ensure the accuracy in expressing the entity object of cadastre, but also meet the need of topological analysis.
Model construction:Among all the researches on the construction of three-dimensional cadastre data model, the thesis introduces the concept of property rights system to the study on three-dimensional cadastre at first, which can not only enrich and perfect the concepts relating to three-dimensional cadastre, so as to express the entity object in cadastre as well as rights and ownership relations in a better way, but also meet the need of the unified registration of real estate under the model of "the integration of house and land". The three-dimensional cadastre data model, based on the above-mentioned research, is better than the existing three-dimensional cadastre data models to some extent in visualization expression and topological analysis, which gives consideration to both the visualization of geometrical data model and the advantages of topological data model in topological analysis.
System implementation:The thesis takes the cadastre data of Zhuji, Zhejiang Province as its object of research. On the basis of the transformation process from two-dimensional cadastre database to three-dimensional cadastre database, the thesis researches on the system implementation of three-dimensional cadastre data model on ARCGIS platform. The effect of the system implementation shows that the three-dimensional cadastre data model proposed in the thesis can realize the accurate express of cadastre entity object, show the internal structure of cadastre entity object clearly as well as refines the basic unit of cadastre registration to property right. It also shows that the three-dimensional cadastre data model proposed in the thesis can relatively meet the need of current cadastral management work better in visualization expression, topological analysis and so on.
文章通过对现有三维地籍研究成果的分析,概括出现有三维地籍研究热点主要集中在法律法规、可视化、空间分析以及数据模型等方而。在此基础上,文章从理论分析、模型构建以及系统实现等方面对三维地籍数据模型进行了系统研究。
理论分析：文章首先对三维地籍、产权体等相关概念进行了界定,然后对三维地籍空间要素进行了归纳分类,并运用9交模型对三维地籍空间要素拓扑关系以及参数量算等进行了分析和研究。最后在对现有三维数据模型进行比较分析的基础上,构建了既能满足地籍实体对象精确表达,又能满足拓扑分析需要的三维地籍数据模型。
模型构建：文章在三维地籍数据模型构建的研究中,首先将“产权体”的概念引入到对三维地籍的研究中去,此研究方法不仅可以丰富和完善三维地籍相关概念,更好地对地籍实体对象及其权属关系进行表达,也能满足“房地合一”模式下不动产统一登记的需要。在此基础上构建的三维地籍数据模型,较之现有三维地籍数据模型研究成果在可视化表达和拓扑分析等方面具有一定的先进性,既兼顾了几何数据模型在可视化方面的优点,又具备了拓扑数据模型在拓扑分析方面的优势。
系统实现：文章以浙江省诸暨市区地籍数据为研究对象,在讨论了二维地籍数据库向三维地籍数据库转换流程的基础上,通过ARCGIS平台对三维地籍数据模型进行了系统实现。系统实现效果表明,该三维地籍数据模型既可以实现对地籍实体对象的精确表达,也可以清晰显示地籍实体对象内部结构,还可以将地籍登记的基本单元细化到产权单元。同时,该系统实现结果表明,文章所构建的村维地籍数据模型在可视化表达和拓扑分析等方面能较好的满足现实地籍管理工作的需要。
Cadastre, the household registry of land, is the national tool of the managementof land resources and land propetry, which is of vital importance in clarifying theauthority of land and keeping the regular order in land market. With the longitudinaldevelopment of cities and the enhancement of the three-dimensional land utility, it'sobvious that the existing two-dimensional cadastre which takes the right of Earthsurface as the core can't meet the current need of cadastre management. So, more andmore concerns have been paid to the following questions: how to define thedefinitions and concepts relating to three-dimensional cadastre? How to construct thethree-dimensional cadastre data model? How to realize these questions technically?
The thesis, via the analysis of the previous studies on three-dimensional cadastre,generalizes that the previous researches on three-dimensional cadastre mainly focuson the following aspects: laws and regulations, visualization, spatial analysis, datamodel and so on. On the basis of the previous studies, the present study researches onthree-dimensional cadastre data model systemically from the following aspects:theoretical analysis, model construction, system inplementation, etc.
Theoretical Analysis: at ifrst, the thesis defines the following concepts, such asthree-dimensional cadastre, property rights system. Then, it classiifes the spatialelements in three-dimensional cadastre, and uses 9-intersection model to analyze thetopological relation and parameter measurement in three-dimensional cadastre. At last,on the basis of the comparative analysis of the existing three-dimensional cadastremodel, it constructs a three-dimensional cadastre model which can not only ensure the accuracy in expressing the entity object of cadastre, but also meet the need of topological analysis.
Model construction:Among all the researches on the construction of three-dimensional cadastre data model, the thesis introduces the concept of property rights system to the study on three-dimensional cadastre at first, which can not only enrich and perfect the concepts relating to three-dimensional cadastre, so as to express the entity object in cadastre as well as rights and ownership relations in a better way, but also meet the need of the unified registration of real estate under the model of "the integration of house and land". The three-dimensional cadastre data model, based on the above-mentioned research, is better than the existing three-dimensional cadastre data models to some extent in visualization expression and topological analysis, which gives consideration to both the visualization of geometrical data model and the advantages of topological data model in topological analysis.
System implementation:The thesis takes the cadastre data of Zhuji, Zhejiang Province as its object of research. On the basis of the transformation process from two-dimensional cadastre database to three-dimensional cadastre database, the thesis researches on the system implementation of three-dimensional cadastre data model on ARCGIS platform. The effect of the system implementation shows that the three-dimensional cadastre data model proposed in the thesis can realize the accurate express of cadastre entity object, show the internal structure of cadastre entity object clearly as well as refines the basic unit of cadastre registration to property right. It also shows that the three-dimensional cadastre data model proposed in the thesis can relatively meet the need of current cadastral management work better in visualization expression, topological analysis and so on.
引文
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