复杂矿床地质模型快速创建技术与应用研究
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摘要
矿床三维模型是矿山数字化的基础及核心内容之一,为解决复杂矿床地质模型存在建模速度慢、精度低、容易出错等不足,本文在江西省研究生创新基金项目《矿山三维实体建模的高效智能化研究》等课题的资助下,以马坑铁矿为工程背景,结合Surpac、Mapgis、AutoCAD、Excel等软件,探讨和研究复杂矿床地质模型快速构建技术与方法。主要研究内容和结论如下:
1、确立了建模思路及原则。在分析国内外数字矿山的研究现状的基础上对马坑铁矿原始资料进行了收集、整理和分析,确定了马坑铁矿数字化矿山三维空间模型建模思路及原则。
2、建立了马坑铁矿钻孔地质数据库。录入并校验了马坑铁矿钻孔地质数据库所需的钻孔表collar、样品表sample、岩性表geology和测斜表survey,共计约60余万个数据量。建立好的马坑铁矿地质数据库,能方便、快捷的对资料数据进行动态查询、增删、修改等,同时还能实现钻孔三维空间的展示。
3、确立了三维实体建模技术并建立了三维实体模型。建立了马坑铁矿地表模型、矿体模型、断层模型、围岩模型和巷道模型,建模操作流程为:原始矿图→形成Mapgis图→转化为dxf文件→CAD中提取轮廓→另存为dxf文件→坐标3D转换→Surpac中形成实体→实体验证与修改。
4、宏脚本程序的运用提高了实体建模的效率及准确性。针对菜单操作式复杂矿床地质建模速度慢、容易出错的缺点,基于Surpac软件,将各实体建模过程程序化,实现了复杂矿床地质模型数字化全过程高效率、高精度、自动化操作的建模,避免了人为因素影响。
5、实现了三维实体模型的任意剖切及应用。建立好的复杂矿床地质模型不但可以真实形象的显示地表、地层、构造、矿体和巷道之间的三维空间位置关系;并可以根据需要对三维模型进行任意剖切,得出相应的剖面图;且可随时对矿体的体积、储量进行计算以及分析其品位,提高了矿山生产的自动化程度。
研究成果为复杂矿床地质模型的快速创建提供了一种新的技术和方法,加快了建模的速度,提高了建模的精度。
Deposit of digital three-dimensional model is one of the basis and the core, In order to solve complex geology model establishment based on the drawbacks of speed slow、low accuracy and easy to have misunderstanding. this thesis under the auspices of Graduate Innovation Fund of Jiangxi Province"Efficient mining intelligent three-dimensional solid modeling Research ",which takes the Makeng Iron Ore Mine as the background, and combines with the software like Surpac、Mapgis、AutoCAD、Excel to exploration and study the methods of rapidly construction techniques of complex Geological models. The novel and exploratory results are as follows:
1、establishing the thinking of modeling and principle. To analysis the environment and situation about the digital mine in our country and abroad by collecting、analysis、and arranging the original materials, we establish the rules and thinking about establishing the digital three dimensional Makeng mine.
2、The establishing of the geological Makeng drilling database.To enroll and check the geology database there are totally over 600,000 pieces of messages including various kinds of table like drilling、lithogical and survey and so on .The established Makeng geological database could facilitate the searching、adding、deleting and correcting the information in the database, and could also realize the three-dimensional effect of drilling pore at the same time.
3、Getting the modeling technology creatively and establishing the three-dimensional solid model. To establish the Makeng‘s land surface model、orebody model、fault model、surrounding rocks model and drift surrounding model, we take the following operation process: original ore picture→form the Mapgis→transform that into the document form of the dxf→extract the outline from CAD→to express it by 3D coordinates→to form the real body by Surpac→to check and correct the result.
4、the use of macro scripts to improve the efficiency and accuracy of modeling.The real model establishment based on the menu operation is easy to make mistakes, but using Surpac instead, by programming the real model, we have attained the aim of the highly efficiently、accurately and automatically digitalizing the mine model and avoiding the people’s mistake.
5、To achieve a three-dimensional solid model and its application to any cutting.The established three-dimensional model could vividly show the relationship amount the land surface model, stratigraphic, geological structure, ore body and lay out. According to the necessity, the model could be cut at will, and showed the sections of it. It’s convenient to compute and analysis the ore body arise the level of automatic in mineral production.
Geological research model for the complex provides a rapid creation of new technologies and methods to accelerate the speed of modeling and improve the modeling accuracy.
1、确立了建模思路及原则。在分析国内外数字矿山的研究现状的基础上对马坑铁矿原始资料进行了收集、整理和分析,确定了马坑铁矿数字化矿山三维空间模型建模思路及原则。
2、建立了马坑铁矿钻孔地质数据库。录入并校验了马坑铁矿钻孔地质数据库所需的钻孔表collar、样品表sample、岩性表geology和测斜表survey,共计约60余万个数据量。建立好的马坑铁矿地质数据库,能方便、快捷的对资料数据进行动态查询、增删、修改等,同时还能实现钻孔三维空间的展示。
3、确立了三维实体建模技术并建立了三维实体模型。建立了马坑铁矿地表模型、矿体模型、断层模型、围岩模型和巷道模型,建模操作流程为:原始矿图→形成Mapgis图→转化为dxf文件→CAD中提取轮廓→另存为dxf文件→坐标3D转换→Surpac中形成实体→实体验证与修改。
4、宏脚本程序的运用提高了实体建模的效率及准确性。针对菜单操作式复杂矿床地质建模速度慢、容易出错的缺点,基于Surpac软件,将各实体建模过程程序化,实现了复杂矿床地质模型数字化全过程高效率、高精度、自动化操作的建模,避免了人为因素影响。
5、实现了三维实体模型的任意剖切及应用。建立好的复杂矿床地质模型不但可以真实形象的显示地表、地层、构造、矿体和巷道之间的三维空间位置关系;并可以根据需要对三维模型进行任意剖切,得出相应的剖面图;且可随时对矿体的体积、储量进行计算以及分析其品位,提高了矿山生产的自动化程度。
研究成果为复杂矿床地质模型的快速创建提供了一种新的技术和方法,加快了建模的速度,提高了建模的精度。
Deposit of digital three-dimensional model is one of the basis and the core, In order to solve complex geology model establishment based on the drawbacks of speed slow、low accuracy and easy to have misunderstanding. this thesis under the auspices of Graduate Innovation Fund of Jiangxi Province"Efficient mining intelligent three-dimensional solid modeling Research ",which takes the Makeng Iron Ore Mine as the background, and combines with the software like Surpac、Mapgis、AutoCAD、Excel to exploration and study the methods of rapidly construction techniques of complex Geological models. The novel and exploratory results are as follows:
1、establishing the thinking of modeling and principle. To analysis the environment and situation about the digital mine in our country and abroad by collecting、analysis、and arranging the original materials, we establish the rules and thinking about establishing the digital three dimensional Makeng mine.
2、The establishing of the geological Makeng drilling database.To enroll and check the geology database there are totally over 600,000 pieces of messages including various kinds of table like drilling、lithogical and survey and so on .The established Makeng geological database could facilitate the searching、adding、deleting and correcting the information in the database, and could also realize the three-dimensional effect of drilling pore at the same time.
3、Getting the modeling technology creatively and establishing the three-dimensional solid model. To establish the Makeng‘s land surface model、orebody model、fault model、surrounding rocks model and drift surrounding model, we take the following operation process: original ore picture→form the Mapgis→transform that into the document form of the dxf→extract the outline from CAD→to express it by 3D coordinates→to form the real body by Surpac→to check and correct the result.
4、the use of macro scripts to improve the efficiency and accuracy of modeling.The real model establishment based on the menu operation is easy to make mistakes, but using Surpac instead, by programming the real model, we have attained the aim of the highly efficiently、accurately and automatically digitalizing the mine model and avoiding the people’s mistake.
5、To achieve a three-dimensional solid model and its application to any cutting.The established three-dimensional model could vividly show the relationship amount the land surface model, stratigraphic, geological structure, ore body and lay out. According to the necessity, the model could be cut at will, and showed the sections of it. It’s convenient to compute and analysis the ore body arise the level of automatic in mineral production.
Geological research model for the complex provides a rapid creation of new technologies and methods to accelerate the speed of modeling and improve the modeling accuracy.
引文
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[5]赵安新,李白萍,卢建军.数字化矿山体系结构模型及其应用[J].工程设计学报,2007,14(5): 423-426.
[6] Zlatanova S,Rabman A,Pilout M.Proceeding of Joint International Symposium on Geospatial Theory, proeessing and Application[J],2002(7):8-12.
[7] Liu ChY.The Construction Method of Geometric Object in 3D Terrain [J].Computer Application, 2001(21):29-31.
[8]潘炜,刘大安,郭华锋,等.向家坝水电站Ⅶ坝址三维地质建模研究[J].岩土工程学报,2005,11(11): 1317-1322.
[9]聂兴信,刘书香.数字化矿山构建过程中的数据挖掘模型研究[J].金属矿山,2007,(6):19-21.
[10]毕思文.数字地球-地球系统数字[M].北京:地质出版社,2001-10.
[11]毕思文,殷作如,何晓群,等.数字矿山的概念、框架、内涵及应用示范.科技道报,2004,6:39-63.
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[14]李海华,张瑞新.应用Surpac软件进行露天矿采矿工程的可视化[J].中国矿业,2004,13(1): 64-65.
[15]吴亚民. Surpac Vision软件在矿山地质中的应用[J].中国矿山工程,2007,36(4):17-21.
[16]程天赦,杨文静.Surpac Vision软件在金属矿山中的应用研究[J].金属矿山,2007,(9):16-19.
[17]陈佩佩,叶勇,张守仁.矿山工程软件Surpac Vision在煤矿中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2002,30(3):29-31.
[18]伍伟,秦德先,周凯锋.广西大厂细脉带矿体基于Surpac的数学经济模型研究[J].矿冶工程,2008,28(1): 18-21
[19]福建省一二一煤田地质勘探队三中队提交的《福建省龙岩县马坑铁矿中矿段详细勘探地质报告(1971-1976)》及其附表.
[20]福建省第八地质大队.福建省龙岩市马坑铁矿区西矿段详细勘探地质报告[R].福建省第八地质大队,1983.6.
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[22]陈跃升,卓通照,袁海平等.基于SURPAC的马坑铁矿地质数据库研究[J].金属矿山,2009,(3): 144 -178.
[23]杨文静,李利波,程天赦.基于Surpac的地质数据库的建立与应用[J].现代矿业,2009,(6) :72 -75.
[24]黎应书,秦德先,蔡燕.变异函数在云南大红山铁矿床中的应用[J].中国矿业,2005(5):52-55.
[25]潘冬,李向东.基于SURPAC的矿山三维地质模型开发[J].采矿技术,2006,6(3): 499-501.
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