三维地层建模及可视化方法研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
三维地层建模技术在分析地下地质体的整体构造、单个层面的形态以及复杂地质构造的情况的基础上,将地层的真实形态与构造完整地用直观的图形方式展示出来,为地质工作者提供了准确而直观的地质构造模型,是正确认识地质构造的重要手段,为煤矿资源描述提供了科学根据。本文以煤层底板等高线和地质柱状图为基础信息,构造煤矿主采煤层区域的三维地层模型,在此基础上,给出了三维模型的全剖切和多平面剖切方法,并针对断层、褶曲等特殊地质构造的自身特点,在多重二次函数法的基础上给出了相应的特殊插值处理,同时给出了褶曲的表示方法和建立模型的算法:带有褶曲的岩层面的建模,单值褶曲可采用三角剖分重建曲面的方法构造;对多值褶曲,为了保证褶曲各单值曲面间不产生交叉连接,我们给出了两个约束条件,重构时先确定各个多值子区域,再分别对于每一个子区域,确定各单值曲面及约束点,对每一单值曲面分别进行插值,最后用三角剖分判断条件和两个附加约束条件确定点的拓扑关系,用三角面片重构褶曲构造。
Three-dimensional geosciences modeling depicts the structure of the underground geologic bodies the shape of single layer and the complicated geologic construction, and it shows the true shape and construction of the stratum by graphical methods so as to provide exact and intuitionstic model of the geologic construction, so it is the important approach to understand the geologic construction accurately, and it provides scientific foundation for the description of the coal mine resources. This paper constructs the 3D stratum model of the coal mine' s main coal cutting distinct based on the information of seam floor contour line and geologic bar graph. On this basis, it puts forward the complete cut and multi-flats cut methods of the 3D model, and presents corresponding especial interpolation treatments for the especial geologic construction with faultage and fold based on multiple quadratic function. Meanwhile, it gives the algorithms of representing the fold and modeling. As for the modeling of the terrane w
    ith fold, if there does not exist overlapped fold on the Z order, the triangulation to reconstruct the curved surface; otherwise, in order to ensure that each single-value curved surface of fold be intersectantly connected by mistake, we give two appended constraint conditions. Each overlapped sub-distinct should be determined firstly, and then determine each single-value curved surface and its tie point, then interpolate each of them, at last, reconstruct the structure of the fold using triangulation on the basis of judgment of triangulation and the method of determining the topological relation between two points based on the two constraint conditions presented in this paper.
引文
1.孙家广.计算机图形学(第三版)[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1998,165-482.
    2.潘云鹤.计算机图形学——原理、方法及应用[M],北京:高等教育出版社,2001,46-56
    3.唐荣锡,汪嘉业.计算机图形学教程(修订版)[M],北京:科学出版社,2001,33-278.
    4.彭群生,鲍虎军,金小刚.计算机真实感图形的算法基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1999,371~398.
    5.唐泽圣.三维数据场可视化[M],北京:清华大学出版社,1999,1-190.
    6.周培德.计算几何[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2000,1-177.
    7.俞鸿年,卢华夏.地质构造学原理[M],江苏南京:南京大学出版社,1998,100-152.
    8.黄远飞,冯静.计算工程地质学[M],北京:兵器工业出版社,1992,227-239.
    9.何光渝.VB常用算法大全[M],北京:西安电子科技大学出版社,2002,1-86.
    10.吴志惠.地理信息三维可视化系统应用研究[D],河南郑州:郑州大学,2002.
    11.李立新.散乱点集曲面重建的理论、方法及理论研究[D],浙江杭州:浙江大学,2001.
    12.蒋春燕.任意拓扑条件下由散乱点自动生成三角网格曲面的算法研究与实现[D],北京:北京工业大学,2001.
    13.张剑秋.三维地质建模与可视化系统开发研究[D],江苏南京:南京大学,1998.
    14.王笑海.基于三维拓扑网格结构的GIS地层模型研究[D],湖北武汉:中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所,1999.
    15.杨晓松.三维有限元数据场可视化技术研究与实现[D],大连:大连理工大学,2000.
    16. Howlding S W.3D Geoscience Modeling-Computer Techniques for Geological Characterization[M], Berlin:Springer, 1994.71-86.
    17. Pouzet J. Estimation of a surface with know discontinuities for automatic contouring purposes[J], Mathematical Geology, 1980,12(6), 559-575.
    18. ChenXY. A work station for three-dimensional spatial data research[J],The Fourth International Symposium of Liesmars,1995.
    19. MorakotP, Tempflik, MolenaarM.A tetrahedron-based 3D vector data model for geoinformation[J], Publications of Geodesy, 1994,129-140.
    20. MolenaarM. A formal data structure for 3D vector maps[J],The Fourth International Symposium on Spatial Data Handling, 1990.
    
    
    21. GotzeHJ, LahmeyerB. Application of 3D interactive modeling in gravity and magnetics[J], Geophysics, 1988,53,1096-1108.
    22. Hardy R L. Multiquadric equations of topography and other irregular surfaces[J], Geophys Res,76(8), 1905-1915,1971.
    23. Hardy R L. Theory and applications of multiquadric-biharmonic method[J],Computer Math,19,163-168,1990.
    24. Tsai V J D. Delaunay Triangulations in TIN Creation: an Overview and a Linear time Algorithm[J].Int.J.of GIS, 1993,7(6):501-524.
    25. Shamos M I., Hoey D.Closest-point Problems[J],In: Proceedings of the 16th Annual Symposium on the Foundations of Computer Science, 1975.151-162.
    26. Lewis B A., Robinson J S. Triangulation of Planar Regions with Applications[J],The Computer Journal nal, 1978,21(4):324~332.
    27. Lee D T., Schachter B J. Two Algorithms for Constructing a Delaunay Triangulation[J], Int.J.of Computer and Information Sciences, 1980,9(3).
    28. Yates S R, Warrick A W, Myers D E.Disjunctive Kriging, 1. Overview of Estimation and Conditional Probability[J],Water Resources Research, 1986,22(5):615~621.
    29. Gotway C A,Ferguson R B, Hergert G H and Peterson T A.Comparison of Kriging and Inverse-Distance Methods for Soil Parameters. Soil Sci.Am.J.,60:1996,1237~1247.
    30.杨钦,徐永安,陈其明等.任意平面域离散点集的三角化方法[J],软件学报,1998,9(4),243-245.
    31.张菊明,刘承祚,孙惠文.地质体三位数学模拟及其图形显示[J],数学地质和地质信息,1999,25,68-77.
    32.方海东等.三维地质建模及其工程应用[J],水文地质工程地质,2002,3,52-55.
    33.侯恩科,吴立新.面向地质建模的三维体元拓扑数据模型研究[J],武汉大学学报,2002,27(5),467-472.
    34.齐敏,郝重阳.三维地形生成及实时显示技术研究进展[J],中国图像图形学报,2000,5,269-275.
    35.胡金星,吴立新,高卫贞等.三维地学模拟体视化技术的应用研究[J],煤炭学报,1998,24(4),346-347.
    36.王洵,张青山,吴韵楠.一种三维地层模型的表示和生成方法[J],计算机工程应用,2000,9,
    
    169-173.
    37.吴立新,张瑞新,戚宜欣等.3D地学模拟与虚拟矿山系统[J],测绘学报,2002,31(1),28-33.
    38.程朋根,龚健雅.地勘王程三维空间数据模型及其数据结构设计[J],测绘学报,2001,30(1),74-81.
    39.陈军,郭薇.基于剖分的三维拓扑ER模型研究[J],测绘学报,1998,27(4),308-317.
    40.傅炜.GIS数字地形模型的建立及应用研究[J],山西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2001,(29)2.
    41.吕秋霞,张俊霞.三维地形可视化及其实时显示方法[J],河海大学学报(自然科学版),2002,(30)4.
    42.陶闯.分形内插与Delaunay三角网结合的三维地形可视化数据模型[J],环境遥感,1995,10(3).
    43.李培军.层状地质体的三维模拟与可视化[J],地学前缘,7,271-277,2000.
    44.芮小平、余志伟等.多重二次曲面法在地质曲面拟合中的应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,29(4),377-380,2000.
    45.俞全宏.地层模型的三维实体显示与剖切[J],物探化探计算技术,1996,(18)1.
    46.徐华,武强.复杂地质体中多值面的网格生成算法[J],计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,14(7).
    47.毛善君.自动构建复杂地质体数学高程模型的方法研究[J],中国煤田地质,(16)1.
    48.朱大培等.地质构造的三维可视化[J],北京航空航天大学学报,2001,27(4),448-451.
    49.王占刚,曹代勇.基于改进三棱柱模型的复杂地质体3D建模方法[J],中国煤田地质,(16)1.
    50.孙敏等.基于四面体格网的3D复杂地质体重构[J],测绘学报,(31)4.
    51.徐华,武强.基于层状结构的三维地质体可视化设计与实现[J],计算机应用,(21)12.
    52.陈应显.露天矿矿床三维建模技术及可视化研究[D]辽宁阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2002.
    53.余志伟.一种新的地质曲面插值计算法——曲面样条函数方法[J].中国矿业学院学报,1987,16(4):69-76.
    54.陈树铭.常用地质三维解决方案简介,http://www.geoxd.com/3d_geo_use.htm.
    55.陈树铭,刘慧杰,王满春.TIN&Voronoi&Delaunay, http://www.geoxd.com/3d_geo_solution.htm
    
    
    56.柴贺军,黄地龙,黄润秋.地质结构面三维扩展模型研究[J],水文地质工程地质,1999.4
    57.侯遵泽.映射定点法随机数据网格化[J].物探化探计算技术,1994,16(1).
    58.尚游.陈岩涛,OpenGL图形程序设计指南[D].2001,1-450

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700