隧道变形实时监测系统的研究
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摘要
本文在学习和总结已有的智能型全站仪自动化测量研究成果的基础上,结合隧道变形监测的实际特点,和基于坐标转换原理和系统差分原理的基准点和监测点单期观测数据的处理方法,以及基于回归分析原理的监测点多期数据的处理方法,利用VisualC#2005程序设计语言、SQL Server2005数据库技术等工具,以智能型全站仪为核心,对隧道变形实时监测系统的软硬件组成进行了研究,并在此基础上开发了一套适用于隧道变形实时监测的软件——TDMS(Tunnel Deformation real-time Monitoring System)。
本文的主要内容包括：
首先,针对传统隧道监测工作效率低、监测精度受人为因素影响较大等弊端,本文主要介绍了利用计算机控制Leica智能型全站仪(主要针对TPS1000或TPS1200系列)远程在线控制程序的研发过程。通过Leica GeoCOM的ASCII指令协议,TDMS实现了对包括监测点和基准点在内的观测点的周期性自动化和智能化的数据采集工作。
其次,针对变形监测中,监测数据随时间逐渐累积和后期需多方面使用等特点,本文利用微软公司的SQL Server2005数据库管理系统,建立了用于保存观测数据和成果数据的隧道变形监测数据库系统,同时实现了对TDMS采集到的数据进行实时的处理分析、入库保存、查询显示等功能。
然后,考虑到观测数据一般或多或少的含有各种误差,本文重点研究了基于坐标转换原理和系统差分原理的单期观测数据的处理方法,以及在此基础上,利用回归分析理论对多期数据进行变形分析和预报的数据处理方式。同时,本文还研究了在没有基准点的情况下,对隧道拱顶下沉和围岩收敛进行相对监测的方法。
最后,利用实验室的现有资源,通过模拟隧道内的变形监测过程,对TDMS软件中的主要功能模块进行了测试和验证。
Based on learning and summarizing the existing research fruits for intelligent total-station (also, geo-robot) automatic measurement, the paper, in consideration of the actual characteristics in tunnel deformation monitoring measurement, and grounded on the single-period observation data processing method through the principles of coordinate transformation and of difference, as well as the multi-period data processing method through regression analysis, makes use of the programming language, that is Visual C#2005, and the database technique, that is SQL Server2005, and with the intelligent total-station for nucleus, studies the software and hardware compositions for a tunnel deformation monitoring system, and then on account of the above, develops the program—Tunnel Deformation real-time Monitoring System, TDMS for short.
The main contents of this paper include:
Firstly, for the disadvantage of low efficiency and the monitoring precision vulnerable to human disturbance in the traditional method of tunnel deformation monitoring, the paper mainly introduces the development of the remotely online control-program loaded on computer to Leica geo-robot (mainly for TPS1000or TPS1200serials). Through the ASCII communication protocol of the Leica GeoCOM, the TDMS realizes the automatic, intelligentized and periodic measurement to the observation points, including monitoring points and datum points.
Secondly, in consideration of the figures that the monitoring data will gradually accumulate more and more along with time and be used in a variety of ways in the future, the paper, by SQL Server2005database management system of the Microsoft Corporation, establishes a tunnel deformation monitoring database system to save observation and fruit data, and meanwhile accomplishes the functions of real-time processing and analysis, store into the database, query and display and so on. to the observation data from the TDMS.
Then, because, more or less, there are generally various errors in observation data, the paper underlines the single-period observation data processing method based on the principles of coordinate transformation and of difference, and founded on that, the multi-period data processing ways to take defomation analysis and forecast based on regression analysis. Furthermore, the paper also includes the relative monitoring methed for tunnel arch top settlement and surrounding rock convergence with no datum points existing.
At last, with the existing resource in the lab, the paper demonstrates the testing and verification to the main function modules of the TDMS through a simulative tunnel deformation monitoring measurement.
本文的主要内容包括：
首先,针对传统隧道监测工作效率低、监测精度受人为因素影响较大等弊端,本文主要介绍了利用计算机控制Leica智能型全站仪(主要针对TPS1000或TPS1200系列)远程在线控制程序的研发过程。通过Leica GeoCOM的ASCII指令协议,TDMS实现了对包括监测点和基准点在内的观测点的周期性自动化和智能化的数据采集工作。
其次,针对变形监测中,监测数据随时间逐渐累积和后期需多方面使用等特点,本文利用微软公司的SQL Server2005数据库管理系统,建立了用于保存观测数据和成果数据的隧道变形监测数据库系统,同时实现了对TDMS采集到的数据进行实时的处理分析、入库保存、查询显示等功能。
然后,考虑到观测数据一般或多或少的含有各种误差,本文重点研究了基于坐标转换原理和系统差分原理的单期观测数据的处理方法,以及在此基础上,利用回归分析理论对多期数据进行变形分析和预报的数据处理方式。同时,本文还研究了在没有基准点的情况下,对隧道拱顶下沉和围岩收敛进行相对监测的方法。
最后,利用实验室的现有资源,通过模拟隧道内的变形监测过程,对TDMS软件中的主要功能模块进行了测试和验证。
Based on learning and summarizing the existing research fruits for intelligent total-station (also, geo-robot) automatic measurement, the paper, in consideration of the actual characteristics in tunnel deformation monitoring measurement, and grounded on the single-period observation data processing method through the principles of coordinate transformation and of difference, as well as the multi-period data processing method through regression analysis, makes use of the programming language, that is Visual C#2005, and the database technique, that is SQL Server2005, and with the intelligent total-station for nucleus, studies the software and hardware compositions for a tunnel deformation monitoring system, and then on account of the above, develops the program—Tunnel Deformation real-time Monitoring System, TDMS for short.
The main contents of this paper include:
Firstly, for the disadvantage of low efficiency and the monitoring precision vulnerable to human disturbance in the traditional method of tunnel deformation monitoring, the paper mainly introduces the development of the remotely online control-program loaded on computer to Leica geo-robot (mainly for TPS1000or TPS1200serials). Through the ASCII communication protocol of the Leica GeoCOM, the TDMS realizes the automatic, intelligentized and periodic measurement to the observation points, including monitoring points and datum points.
Secondly, in consideration of the figures that the monitoring data will gradually accumulate more and more along with time and be used in a variety of ways in the future, the paper, by SQL Server2005database management system of the Microsoft Corporation, establishes a tunnel deformation monitoring database system to save observation and fruit data, and meanwhile accomplishes the functions of real-time processing and analysis, store into the database, query and display and so on. to the observation data from the TDMS.
Then, because, more or less, there are generally various errors in observation data, the paper underlines the single-period observation data processing method based on the principles of coordinate transformation and of difference, and founded on that, the multi-period data processing ways to take defomation analysis and forecast based on regression analysis. Furthermore, the paper also includes the relative monitoring methed for tunnel arch top settlement and surrounding rock convergence with no datum points existing.
At last, with the existing resource in the lab, the paper demonstrates the testing and verification to the main function modules of the TDMS through a simulative tunnel deformation monitoring measurement.
引文
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[38]刘林,刘成龙,郭良浩,孟东坡.长大钢桁梁上CPⅢ高程网多值性问题的解决方法研究[J].工程勘察.2012(03)
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[2]赵瑞先,伍颖,谢欣荣.隧道工程施工的事故分析与安全措施[J].工业安全与环保.2008,34(9)
[3]赵勇.隧道施工安全事故的原因分析及对策建议[J].铁道标准设计.2007(S1)
[4]杜小虎,阎晋卫,韩继锋等.隧道下穿城铁施工期间线路变形监测方法的探讨[J].铁道建筑技术.2004(05)
[5]袁成忠.智能型全站仪自动测量系统集成技术研究[D].西南交通大学硕十学位论文.2007
[6]卫健东.智能全站仪变形监测系统及其在地铁结构变形监测中的应用[D].中国人民解放军信息工程大学硕十学位论文.2002
[7]蔡乾广.多测站自动变形监测系统研发[D].山东科技大学硕士学位论文.2007
[8]中华人民共和国国务院.安全生产“十二五”规划[R/OL].http://www.gov.cn/zwgk/2011-10/14/content_1969993.htm
[9]张正禄,李广云,潘国荣等.工程测量学[M].武汉：武汉大学出版社,2005：442-442
[10]邓川,刘成龙,卢杰等.基于自由测站的隧道围岩收敛非接触监测的新方法研究[J].铁道建筑技术.2010(12)
[11]卢立波.隧道施工中的围岩监控必测项目及数据处理分析[J].科技资讯.2008(01)
[12]王宇会,蒋利龙,张兴福.测量机器人视场内多日标问题的研究[J].工程勘察.2011(01)
[13]Leica Geosystems AG. GeoMoS帮助[Z].上海：徕卡测量系统(上海)有限公司,2002：92-92
[14]梅文胜,张正禄,郭际明.测量机器人变形监测系统软件研究[J].武汉大学学报·信息科学版.2002,27(02)
[15]张远智,肖庆贵,缪红兵.TPS1000全站仪定位系统[J].北京测绘.1996(03)
[16]范百兴GeoBasic开发TPS1100全站仪机载程序[J].四川测绘.2003,26(03)
[17]GeoC++ Step by step [Z]. Vision 7.00.2008, Leica Geosystems AG Heerbrugg, Switzerland
[18]Leica TPS1200 GeoCOM Reference Manual [Z]. Vision 1.10.1999, Leica Geosystems AG Heerbrugg, Switzerland
[19]吴晨,胡书敏,蔡威Visual C#2005数据库通用模块开发和系统移植[J].北京：清华大学出版社,2007
[20]Herbert SchildtC#完全参考手册[M].赵铭,吴雷.第2版.北京：清华大学出版社,2007
[21]贾小珠,宋立智,赵玮等.深入浅出XML[M].北京：人民邮电出版社,2001
[22]邢汉发,周晓光,曾联斌等.GPS与PDA间蓝牙无线串口通信的研究[J].计算机工程与科学.2008,30(06)
[23]肖正安.基于C#的列车运行数据与PDA间蓝牙无线串口通信[J].湖北第二师范学院学报.2009,26(08)
[24]贵慧宏,张锦.自动变形监测系统集成数据库的设计与实现[J].测绘工程.2010,19(1)
[25]李红育,李绍伟.探讨数据库的历史及发展趋势[J].办公自动化.2010(07)
[26]Karli WattonC#2005数据库编程经典教程[M].陈秋萍.北京：人民邮电出版社,2007
[27]苗雪兰,刘瑞新,宋歌.数据库系统原理及应用教程[M].第三版.北京：机械工业出版社,2007
[28]陆桂明.数据库技术及应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2008
[29]叶小平,杨庸,汤娜等.数据库系统教程[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2008
[30]李书亮.高速铁路轨道基准网测量及其数据处理方法的研究[D].西南交通大学硕十学位论文.2011
[31]武汉大学测绘学院测量平差学科组.误差理论与测量平差基础[M].武汉：武汉大学出版社,2003
[32]何瑞文,胡成,杨宁等.高等数学(上册)[M].成都：西南交通大学出版社,2003
[33]TPS-System 1000 User Manual [Z]. Vision 2.2.1998, Leica Geosystems AG. Heerbrugg, Switzerland
[34]杨友涛.工程三维控制网平差方法研究[D].西南交通大学硕十学位论文.2008
[35]李红艳,陈东升,井发明.自由设站在高速铁路轨道精调测量中的应用研究[J].工程建设与设计.2009(02)
[36]张忠良,杨友涛,刘成龙.轨道精调中后方交会点三维严密平差方法研究[J].铁道工程学报.2008(05)
[37]孙太山.基于BP人工神经网络的多点非时序变形预测模型研究[D].西南交通大学硕十学位论文.2011
[38]刘林,刘成龙,郭良浩,孟东坡.长大钢桁梁上CPⅢ高程网多值性问题的解决方法研究[J].工程勘察.2012(03)
[39]许国辉,余春林.卡尔曼滤波模型的建立及其在施工变形测量中的应用[J].测绘通报.2004(04)
[40]林在庚.新奥法隧道监控量测施工实践[J].科技信息(科学教研).2007(13)
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