手机端二维条码技术的研究与应用
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摘要
本文主要研究了二维条码编解码技术和智能手机的相关技术。在已有二维条码技术的基础上,结合智能手机的特点,本文提出了手机Series 60平台二维条码的生成方法,以及手机端二维条码图像的识别算法。
在手机S60平台二维条码的生成方面,本文对Symbian OS和S60的特性及其应用开发的特点进行了研究。基于对S60平台下图形图像绘制机理的研究,结合Data Matrix二维条码图像的结构特征,实现了在S60手机屏幕上绘制二维条码的功能。
在智能手机端二维条码图像的识别方面,本文对常用的二维条码识别算法进行了研究。针对使用手机摄像头近距离拍摄二维条码图像,容易产生倾斜、变形,影响二维条码识别的问题,先进行最大类间方差法二值化图像等预处理操作;再根据Data Matrix二维条码图像的边缘特征,采用计算几何中的凸包算法来定位条码区域;然后用映射变换对条码图像进行校正。上述的图像处理过程,能够很好地解决二维条码图像产生的倾斜、变形等问题,实现二维条码图像的准确识读。
最后,在智能手机Symbian OS的S60平台上,开发了一套二维条码编解码系统,实现了智能手机平台上二维条码的生成,以及手机摄像头拍摄的二维条码图像的识别功能。
This paper mainly combines the encoding and decoding technology of the two-dimension barcode and related technology of intelligent mobile phone. Based on technology of two-dimension barcode and intelligent mobile phone, the method of generating and recogniting two-dimension barcode on series 60 platform is proposed in this paper.
For the generating method on s60 platform, some properties of the Symbian OS and S60 and their exploration in the application field is studied in this paper. Then with the study of graphic drawing on S60 platform and the structure of the Data Matrix two-dimension barcode, the function of drawing two-dimension barcode is implemented on the S60 mobile phone platform.
For the identification method on the platform of the intelligent mobile phone, the usual method is studied in this paper. Especially for image taken by mobile phone camera in close distance, many problems that will disturb the recognition for two-dimension barcode arise, such as skew, distortion and so on. So several things should be done. First, several pre-processing, such as ostu binary processing should be done. Second, the algorithm of polygonconvexhull in Geometrics is used in fixing the area where the two-dimension barcode should be. Third, the projection transformation algorithm to correct the barcode image is used. The above image processing can well remove these flaws and make it more clear and more easily to be recognized.
Finally, the encoding and decoding system of the two-dimension barcode is constructed on the intelligent mobile phone S60 platform in Symbian OS, which can make the two-dimension barcode and recognize its image taking by intelligent mobile phone.
在手机S60平台二维条码的生成方面,本文对Symbian OS和S60的特性及其应用开发的特点进行了研究。基于对S60平台下图形图像绘制机理的研究,结合Data Matrix二维条码图像的结构特征,实现了在S60手机屏幕上绘制二维条码的功能。
在智能手机端二维条码图像的识别方面,本文对常用的二维条码识别算法进行了研究。针对使用手机摄像头近距离拍摄二维条码图像,容易产生倾斜、变形,影响二维条码识别的问题,先进行最大类间方差法二值化图像等预处理操作;再根据Data Matrix二维条码图像的边缘特征,采用计算几何中的凸包算法来定位条码区域;然后用映射变换对条码图像进行校正。上述的图像处理过程,能够很好地解决二维条码图像产生的倾斜、变形等问题,实现二维条码图像的准确识读。
最后,在智能手机Symbian OS的S60平台上,开发了一套二维条码编解码系统,实现了智能手机平台上二维条码的生成,以及手机摄像头拍摄的二维条码图像的识别功能。
This paper mainly combines the encoding and decoding technology of the two-dimension barcode and related technology of intelligent mobile phone. Based on technology of two-dimension barcode and intelligent mobile phone, the method of generating and recogniting two-dimension barcode on series 60 platform is proposed in this paper.
For the generating method on s60 platform, some properties of the Symbian OS and S60 and their exploration in the application field is studied in this paper. Then with the study of graphic drawing on S60 platform and the structure of the Data Matrix two-dimension barcode, the function of drawing two-dimension barcode is implemented on the S60 mobile phone platform.
For the identification method on the platform of the intelligent mobile phone, the usual method is studied in this paper. Especially for image taken by mobile phone camera in close distance, many problems that will disturb the recognition for two-dimension barcode arise, such as skew, distortion and so on. So several things should be done. First, several pre-processing, such as ostu binary processing should be done. Second, the algorithm of polygonconvexhull in Geometrics is used in fixing the area where the two-dimension barcode should be. Third, the projection transformation algorithm to correct the barcode image is used. The above image processing can well remove these flaws and make it more clear and more easily to be recognized.
Finally, the encoding and decoding system of the two-dimension barcode is constructed on the intelligent mobile phone S60 platform in Symbian OS, which can make the two-dimension barcode and recognize its image taking by intelligent mobile phone.
引文
[1]Pavlidis T,Swartz J.Fundamentals of bar code information theory[J].IEEE Computer,1990,23(4):74-86.
[2]Wang Y P,Pavlidis T,Swartz J.High density two dimensional bar code//Proceedings of t he SPIE Speed High Architectures,Barcoding,and Character Recognition[J].Boston,MA,USA,1991:169-175.
[3]国家技术监督局.四一七条码[S].北京:中国标准出版社.1998.
[4]Information technology- International symbology pecification- Data Matrix [S].INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 16022:2000,2004-05-15.
[5]唐莉,刘富强,钱黎俊.二维码图像处理与应用[J].电子技术应用,2004,3:14-16.
[6]张成海,郭卫华.QR Code二维码[S].北京:中国标准出版社.2000.
[7]Choosing the best 2D barcode format for mobile apps[S].Semacode Technical White Paper,2006-07-15.
[8]Pavlidis T,Swartz J,Wang Y P.Information encoding with two-dimensional bar-codes.IEEE Computer,1992,25(6):18228
[9]Ostu N.A threshold selection method from gray-level histogram[J].IEEE Trans.1979,9(1):62-66.
[10]Jiann-Yeou Rau,Liang-Chien Chen.Fast Straight Lines Detection Using Hough Transform with Principal Axis Analysis[J].航测及遥测学刊,2003,1(8):15-34.
[11]李政,杨扬,颉斌等.一种基于Hough变换的文档图像倾斜纠正方法[J].计算机应用,2005,3(25):583-585.
[12]Bovik A.Handbook of image and video processing[Z].France:Acadenic Press,2000.
[13]Canny J.A computational approach to edge detection[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Itelligence,1986,8(6):679-698.
[14]Reed I,Solomon G.Polynomial Codes Over Certain Finite Fields[J].Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.vol.8,1960:300-304.
[15]Hong J,Vetterli M.Simple algorithms for BCH decoding[J].IEEE Trans on Communication,1995,43(8):2324-2333.
[16]Kola K.A simple decoding of BCH codes over GF(2~m)[J].IEEE Trans on Communication,1998,46(6):709-716.
[17]向茜,刘钊.伽罗华域上的代数运算的最简实现[J].电子科技大学学报2000,29(1):5-9.
[18]戴扬,于盛林,戴水贵.PDF417纠错码原理及实现[J].吉林大学学报(工学版)2004,34(2):286-290.
[19]叶才炜,李式巨.RS编译码的C语言实现[J].无线电技术2003,33(8):46-48.
[20]张宗橙.纠错编码原理和应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003年4月.
[21]Leigh Edwards,Richard Barker,EMCC软件公司著,周良忠译.Series 60应用程序开发[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2005年7月.
[22]董佩嘉.Symbian异常处理及预防研究[J].电脑知识与技术419-421.
[23]李舜,陈伟,陈适.Symbian OS环境中用活动对象处理非抢占式多任务的安全性分析[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2007,31(3):537-539.
[24]Steve Babin著,周良忠译.Symbian OS软件开发-应用C++开发智能手机应用程序入门[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006年6月.
[25]Steve Babin著,周良忠译.Symbian OS软件开发[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2005年7月.
[26]陈媛媛,施鹏飞.二维条形码的识别及应用[J].测控技术2006,25(12):17-19.
[27]潘中良,陈翎,张光昭.一种基于进化策略的图像分割方法[J].激光与红外,37(6):583-586.
[28]求是科技,苏彦华.Visual C++数字图像处理典型算法及实现[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006年6月.
[29]胡东红,谭辉,陈莘萌.Radon变换在二维条码图像识别中的应用[J].武汉大学学报(理学版),2005,51(5):584-588.
[30]Mark de.Berg,Marc van Kreveld,Mark Overmars,Otfried Schwarzkopf.Computational Geometry:Algorithms and Applications[M].New York: Springer,2000.
[31]王丽青,陈正阳,陈树强,陈学士.一个改进的简单多边形凸包算法[J].计算机工程 2007,33(3):200-201.
[32]何斌,马天予,王运坚,朱红莲.Visual C++数字图像处理[M].北京:人民邮电出版社2002年12月.
[33]刘宁钟,杨静宇.三维条码的编码理论和设计[J].计算机学报2007,30(4):686-692.
[2]Wang Y P,Pavlidis T,Swartz J.High density two dimensional bar code//Proceedings of t he SPIE Speed High Architectures,Barcoding,and Character Recognition[J].Boston,MA,USA,1991:169-175.
[3]国家技术监督局.四一七条码[S].北京:中国标准出版社.1998.
[4]Information technology- International symbology pecification- Data Matrix [S].INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 16022:2000,2004-05-15.
[5]唐莉,刘富强,钱黎俊.二维码图像处理与应用[J].电子技术应用,2004,3:14-16.
[6]张成海,郭卫华.QR Code二维码[S].北京:中国标准出版社.2000.
[7]Choosing the best 2D barcode format for mobile apps[S].Semacode Technical White Paper,2006-07-15.
[8]Pavlidis T,Swartz J,Wang Y P.Information encoding with two-dimensional bar-codes.IEEE Computer,1992,25(6):18228
[9]Ostu N.A threshold selection method from gray-level histogram[J].IEEE Trans.1979,9(1):62-66.
[10]Jiann-Yeou Rau,Liang-Chien Chen.Fast Straight Lines Detection Using Hough Transform with Principal Axis Analysis[J].航测及遥测学刊,2003,1(8):15-34.
[11]李政,杨扬,颉斌等.一种基于Hough变换的文档图像倾斜纠正方法[J].计算机应用,2005,3(25):583-585.
[12]Bovik A.Handbook of image and video processing[Z].France:Acadenic Press,2000.
[13]Canny J.A computational approach to edge detection[J].IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Itelligence,1986,8(6):679-698.
[14]Reed I,Solomon G.Polynomial Codes Over Certain Finite Fields[J].Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.vol.8,1960:300-304.
[15]Hong J,Vetterli M.Simple algorithms for BCH decoding[J].IEEE Trans on Communication,1995,43(8):2324-2333.
[16]Kola K.A simple decoding of BCH codes over GF(2~m)[J].IEEE Trans on Communication,1998,46(6):709-716.
[17]向茜,刘钊.伽罗华域上的代数运算的最简实现[J].电子科技大学学报2000,29(1):5-9.
[18]戴扬,于盛林,戴水贵.PDF417纠错码原理及实现[J].吉林大学学报(工学版)2004,34(2):286-290.
[19]叶才炜,李式巨.RS编译码的C语言实现[J].无线电技术2003,33(8):46-48.
[20]张宗橙.纠错编码原理和应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003年4月.
[21]Leigh Edwards,Richard Barker,EMCC软件公司著,周良忠译.Series 60应用程序开发[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2005年7月.
[22]董佩嘉.Symbian异常处理及预防研究[J].电脑知识与技术419-421.
[23]李舜,陈伟,陈适.Symbian OS环境中用活动对象处理非抢占式多任务的安全性分析[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2007,31(3):537-539.
[24]Steve Babin著,周良忠译.Symbian OS软件开发-应用C++开发智能手机应用程序入门[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006年6月.
[25]Steve Babin著,周良忠译.Symbian OS软件开发[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2005年7月.
[26]陈媛媛,施鹏飞.二维条形码的识别及应用[J].测控技术2006,25(12):17-19.
[27]潘中良,陈翎,张光昭.一种基于进化策略的图像分割方法[J].激光与红外,37(6):583-586.
[28]求是科技,苏彦华.Visual C++数字图像处理典型算法及实现[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2006年6月.
[29]胡东红,谭辉,陈莘萌.Radon变换在二维条码图像识别中的应用[J].武汉大学学报(理学版),2005,51(5):584-588.
[30]Mark de.Berg,Marc van Kreveld,Mark Overmars,Otfried Schwarzkopf.Computational Geometry:Algorithms and Applications[M].New York: Springer,2000.
[31]王丽青,陈正阳,陈树强,陈学士.一个改进的简单多边形凸包算法[J].计算机工程 2007,33(3):200-201.
[32]何斌,马天予,王运坚,朱红莲.Visual C++数字图像处理[M].北京:人民邮电出版社2002年12月.
[33]刘宁钟,杨静宇.三维条码的编码理论和设计[J].计算机学报2007,30(4):686-692.