基于三维形态分析的未成年人人台研究
摘要
我国一直缺乏全国性的未成年人人体尺寸数据,也缺乏服装设计用的人台。鉴于此,科技部于2003年开展第一次全国未成年人人体尺寸调查工作,其目的就是要构建我国未成年人人体尺寸国家基础数据库,制定各类未成年人人体尺寸国家标准,作为全社会的基本技术依据,为未成年人的产品设计服务。
本研究基于东北华北区155名14-15岁女孩的111项人体测量数据,通过因子分析,提取了包括“胖瘦因子”、“高度因子”在内的十个主成分来描述身体形态,对方差的累积贡献率为73%;以第二主成分的身高为“号”,第一主成分的胸围为“型”,以腰围、臀围为控制尺寸,参考现行未成年人服装号型标准对女孩号型尺码进行了分类,同时利用第三至第十主成分中的肩斜、体轴倾斜度等控制项目对女孩形态进行归纳,建立了利用尺寸与形态形成“三维”号型的方法。
基于因子分析结果选择控制点、并利用Morphing建模理论,对160/80cm尺码分类的女孩进行裸体人台的构建,探讨了基于三维形态分析的未成年人人台的研制方法,实现了具有一定群体形态代表特征、具有一定统计学意义、可产业化应用的未成年人人台的产品雏形研发。
Our country has been in lack of national minors anthropometry data, also lack of mannequin for costume design. In view of this, State Ministry of Science and Techno- logy carried out the first national minors anthropometry survey in 2003, the purpose of which is to construct our country’s foundation database of minors anthropometry, and then formulate national standards of minors anthropometry as the whole society's basic technical basis. We can make use of this to product design services for minors.
This study, based on 111 item anthropometric data of 155 girls between 14 to 15 come from North and Northeast, through the factor analysis, extraction ten principal component to describe the body shape, the variance accumulation contribution 73%. Based on the height for "size", bust for "type", with waist, hip for control size, the cu- rrent children's clothes size designation standard for reference to classification girls body shape, at the same time use the third to the tenth principal component of shoul- der inclined, body axis gradient to inductive girls body shape, established the use of size and shape form "3D" size designation method.
Based on factor analysis result choose control points, and use of Morphing mod- eling theory, constructing naked mannequin of 160/80 cm girl’s size.3D morphologi- cal minor mannequin analysis was discussed, has realized the certain groups form re- presentative characteristics, has certain statistical significance, industrialized applica- tion of minor who sets product prototype development.
本研究基于东北华北区155名14-15岁女孩的111项人体测量数据,通过因子分析,提取了包括“胖瘦因子”、“高度因子”在内的十个主成分来描述身体形态,对方差的累积贡献率为73%;以第二主成分的身高为“号”,第一主成分的胸围为“型”,以腰围、臀围为控制尺寸,参考现行未成年人服装号型标准对女孩号型尺码进行了分类,同时利用第三至第十主成分中的肩斜、体轴倾斜度等控制项目对女孩形态进行归纳,建立了利用尺寸与形态形成“三维”号型的方法。
基于因子分析结果选择控制点、并利用Morphing建模理论,对160/80cm尺码分类的女孩进行裸体人台的构建,探讨了基于三维形态分析的未成年人人台的研制方法,实现了具有一定群体形态代表特征、具有一定统计学意义、可产业化应用的未成年人人台的产品雏形研发。
Our country has been in lack of national minors anthropometry data, also lack of mannequin for costume design. In view of this, State Ministry of Science and Techno- logy carried out the first national minors anthropometry survey in 2003, the purpose of which is to construct our country’s foundation database of minors anthropometry, and then formulate national standards of minors anthropometry as the whole society's basic technical basis. We can make use of this to product design services for minors.
This study, based on 111 item anthropometric data of 155 girls between 14 to 15 come from North and Northeast, through the factor analysis, extraction ten principal component to describe the body shape, the variance accumulation contribution 73%. Based on the height for "size", bust for "type", with waist, hip for control size, the cu- rrent children's clothes size designation standard for reference to classification girls body shape, at the same time use the third to the tenth principal component of shoul- der inclined, body axis gradient to inductive girls body shape, established the use of size and shape form "3D" size designation method.
Based on factor analysis result choose control points, and use of Morphing mod- eling theory, constructing naked mannequin of 160/80 cm girl’s size.3D morphologi- cal minor mannequin analysis was discussed, has realized the certain groups form re- presentative characteristics, has certain statistical significance, industrialized applica- tion of minor who sets product prototype development.
引文
[1]毛莉莉.我国童装市场的现状及发展前景[J].上海纺织科技,2000,28(02):46-47.
[2]傅海洪,刘国联.基于学龄期儿童体型特征的童装舒适性要素分析[J].广西纺织科技,2009,38(03):53-55.
[3]梁亚林,张欣,何素恒. 6～12岁学龄儿童体型的数据测量与分析[J].西安工程科技学院学报,2004,18(02):115-120.
[4]孙喜英.服装设计中有一个工具载体—人台[J].纺织信息周刊,2005,21:13.
[5] James C. E-TAILOR: Integration of 3D Body Measurement, Advanced CAD and E-Commerce Technologies in the European Fashion Industry[J]. International Journal of e-Business Strategy Management, 2001, 2 (3): 201-209.
[6]许月.创新研发立裁人台制定新标准[J].中国品牌与防伪,2007,10:41-42.
[7]中泽愈.人体与服装[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2000.
[8]张祖芳,张家铭.标准人台研制与成衣工业[J].纺织学报,1994,15(05):45-48.
[9]徐美玲. CAD在服装业中的应用和发展[J].纺织导报,2002,(2):24-26.
[10]刘正,胡淑蓉.基于三维人体测量上身人台特征部位的提取[J].嘉兴学院学报,2009,21(03):117-119.
[11]刘正,张欣,胡淑蓉.我国服装用人台现状分析[J].纺织学报,2007,27(05):104-107.
[12]王玉秀.非接触式人体测量系统的研究[D].天津:天津工业大学,2003.
[13]叶清珠,张欣.工效学在童装设计中的应用[J].纺织导报,2008,(03).
[14]王明亮.小学生生长发育的一般规律和特点[EB/OL]. http://www.wsbedu.com/kejian/zkgk-105-xiaox.html, 2009-10-30.
[15]梁亚林,张欣. 6-12岁学龄儿童体型的数据测量与分析[J].西安工程科技学院学报,2006,18(02):115-120.
[16]张迎修,于厚贤.济南市社会经济发展与儿童少年生长的长期变化[J].人类学学报,1997,16(4):285- 292.
[17]国家标准?服装号型?的说明与应用[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 1992.
[18]邵立新,林碗生,唐子进,肖建文.半个世纪来南京市儿童体型的长期变化[J].人类学学报,1995,14(01):56-62.
[19]曹之江.面向个性化服装定制的三维人体测量研究[D].上海:东华大学,2008.
[20]郑嵘,张浩,黄海娇,胡晓丹,李健,段笑娟.一种人体计测分析方法.发明专利,ZL200410009356.8, 2007年7月11日授权.
[21]王祺明,张渭源.服装人体测量的方式比较研究[J].四川丝绸,2001,1:39-41.
[22] Kayis A.F., Static anthropometric characteristics of 12-15 aged students living in Ankara/Turkey[J]. Applied Ergonomics. 1991, 22(1): 55-56.
[23] Lilia R. P., Rosalio A.C., Elvia L.G. Anthropometric study of Mexican primary school children[J]. Applied Ergonomics. 2001, (32): 339-345.
[24] Ray G.G., Ghosh S., Atreya V. An anthropometric survey of Indian School children aged 3-5 years[J]. Applied Ergrmnmics. 1995, 26(1): 67-72.
[25] Otieno R.B., Fairhurst C. The Development of New Clothing Size Charts for Female Kenyan Children Part II: Size-range Categorization and Presentation of Final Size Charts[J]. Textile Institute, 2000, 12(2): 153-162.
[26]唐晓曼.北京及周边地区0～6岁儿童人体数据分析及人体数据信息系统的建立[D].北京:北京服装学院,2006.
[27]吴世刚.辽宁地区6_9岁男童体型分类与原型建立研究[D].江苏:苏州大学,2006.
[28]管素英. 4-6岁学龄前儿童体型研究[D].天津:天津工业大学,2007.
[29] Research Institute of Human Engineering for Quality Life (HQL),Japanese body size data 1992-1994[S]. Osaka,(1997).
[30] Devarajan P., & Istook C.S. Validation of‘female figure identification technique (FFIT) for apparel?’Software[J]. Journal of Textile and Apparel(Technology and Management), 2004, 4(1): 1-23.
[31] Lenda J.C. Body scan Analysis for Fit Models Based on Body Shape and Posture Analysis[J]. National Textile center Annual Report, 2002, 11.
[32]李白,李雪飞,刘正东.基于三维点云数据的虚拟人台模型的构建[J].北京服装学院学报(自然科学版),2008,28(01):7-12.
[33]夏平,欧方平,阳川,姚进.三维个性化服装人台建模的研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2009,41(4):227-232.
[34]张娟.三维服装人台建模的研究与系统实现[D].湖北:湖北工业大学,2008.
[35]刘正东,王颖,高鹏.服装人台建模中的视觉图像人体轮廓细化提取[J].计算机工程与应用,2007,43(16):246-248.
[36]李白.基于三维扫描数据的人体模型构建[D].北京:北京服装学院,2007.
[37] Jones P.R., & Rioux M. Three-dimensional Surface Anthropometry: Applications to the Human Body[J]. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 1997, 28 (9): 89-117.
[38] Breen D.E. Computer graphics in textiles and apparel modeling[J]. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 1996, 16(5): 26-27.
[39]孙喜英.服装用标准女子人体模型的研究与应用[D].上海:东华大学,2003.
[40]刘正,张欣.基于三维人体测量的服装用人台研究[D].陕西:西安工程科技学院,2006 .
[41]郭战锋,宁涛,张兆璞.三维服装人台曲面建模技术研究[J].工程图学学报,2008,(03):77-81.
[42]缪旭静.三维模拟人体在优化文胸结构设计中的运用[D].上海:东华大学, 2006.
[43]张涛.基于人体特征线的躯干曲面成形及三维服装展示系统的研究与实现[D].福建:厦门大学,2007.
[44]刘正,张欣,陈翔.基于逆向工程技术的虚拟个性化人台的制作[J].天津工业大学学报,2005,24(3):38-40.
[45]三吉满智子.服装造型学理论篇[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2000.
[46]冯乃林.人口统计漫谈[J].统计教育,2010,(02) .
[47]国家统计局人口和就业统计司.《中国人口统计年鉴-2006》[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2006.
[48]卢纹岱. SPSS for Windows统计分析[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007, 8.
[49] ISO/TR 10652 1991(E),服装标准尺寸系统[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 1991.
[50] JIS L 4003:1997,女孩服装的尺寸规格[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 1997.
[51] GB/T 1335.3—2009,服装号型儿童[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2009.
[52] Sun M. P., Yun J.N., Kueng M.C. A Study of 3D Virtual Fitting Model of Men's Lower Bodies in Forties by Morphing Technique[J]. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 2007, 31(3): 463-474.
[2]傅海洪,刘国联.基于学龄期儿童体型特征的童装舒适性要素分析[J].广西纺织科技,2009,38(03):53-55.
[3]梁亚林,张欣,何素恒. 6～12岁学龄儿童体型的数据测量与分析[J].西安工程科技学院学报,2004,18(02):115-120.
[4]孙喜英.服装设计中有一个工具载体—人台[J].纺织信息周刊,2005,21:13.
[5] James C. E-TAILOR: Integration of 3D Body Measurement, Advanced CAD and E-Commerce Technologies in the European Fashion Industry[J]. International Journal of e-Business Strategy Management, 2001, 2 (3): 201-209.
[6]许月.创新研发立裁人台制定新标准[J].中国品牌与防伪,2007,10:41-42.
[7]中泽愈.人体与服装[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2000.
[8]张祖芳,张家铭.标准人台研制与成衣工业[J].纺织学报,1994,15(05):45-48.
[9]徐美玲. CAD在服装业中的应用和发展[J].纺织导报,2002,(2):24-26.
[10]刘正,胡淑蓉.基于三维人体测量上身人台特征部位的提取[J].嘉兴学院学报,2009,21(03):117-119.
[11]刘正,张欣,胡淑蓉.我国服装用人台现状分析[J].纺织学报,2007,27(05):104-107.
[12]王玉秀.非接触式人体测量系统的研究[D].天津:天津工业大学,2003.
[13]叶清珠,张欣.工效学在童装设计中的应用[J].纺织导报,2008,(03).
[14]王明亮.小学生生长发育的一般规律和特点[EB/OL]. http://www.wsbedu.com/kejian/zkgk-105-xiaox.html, 2009-10-30.
[15]梁亚林,张欣. 6-12岁学龄儿童体型的数据测量与分析[J].西安工程科技学院学报,2006,18(02):115-120.
[16]张迎修,于厚贤.济南市社会经济发展与儿童少年生长的长期变化[J].人类学学报,1997,16(4):285- 292.
[17]国家标准?服装号型?的说明与应用[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 1992.
[18]邵立新,林碗生,唐子进,肖建文.半个世纪来南京市儿童体型的长期变化[J].人类学学报,1995,14(01):56-62.
[19]曹之江.面向个性化服装定制的三维人体测量研究[D].上海:东华大学,2008.
[20]郑嵘,张浩,黄海娇,胡晓丹,李健,段笑娟.一种人体计测分析方法.发明专利,ZL200410009356.8, 2007年7月11日授权.
[21]王祺明,张渭源.服装人体测量的方式比较研究[J].四川丝绸,2001,1:39-41.
[22] Kayis A.F., Static anthropometric characteristics of 12-15 aged students living in Ankara/Turkey[J]. Applied Ergonomics. 1991, 22(1): 55-56.
[23] Lilia R. P., Rosalio A.C., Elvia L.G. Anthropometric study of Mexican primary school children[J]. Applied Ergonomics. 2001, (32): 339-345.
[24] Ray G.G., Ghosh S., Atreya V. An anthropometric survey of Indian School children aged 3-5 years[J]. Applied Ergrmnmics. 1995, 26(1): 67-72.
[25] Otieno R.B., Fairhurst C. The Development of New Clothing Size Charts for Female Kenyan Children Part II: Size-range Categorization and Presentation of Final Size Charts[J]. Textile Institute, 2000, 12(2): 153-162.
[26]唐晓曼.北京及周边地区0～6岁儿童人体数据分析及人体数据信息系统的建立[D].北京:北京服装学院,2006.
[27]吴世刚.辽宁地区6_9岁男童体型分类与原型建立研究[D].江苏:苏州大学,2006.
[28]管素英. 4-6岁学龄前儿童体型研究[D].天津:天津工业大学,2007.
[29] Research Institute of Human Engineering for Quality Life (HQL),Japanese body size data 1992-1994[S]. Osaka,(1997).
[30] Devarajan P., & Istook C.S. Validation of‘female figure identification technique (FFIT) for apparel?’Software[J]. Journal of Textile and Apparel(Technology and Management), 2004, 4(1): 1-23.
[31] Lenda J.C. Body scan Analysis for Fit Models Based on Body Shape and Posture Analysis[J]. National Textile center Annual Report, 2002, 11.
[32]李白,李雪飞,刘正东.基于三维点云数据的虚拟人台模型的构建[J].北京服装学院学报(自然科学版),2008,28(01):7-12.
[33]夏平,欧方平,阳川,姚进.三维个性化服装人台建模的研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2009,41(4):227-232.
[34]张娟.三维服装人台建模的研究与系统实现[D].湖北:湖北工业大学,2008.
[35]刘正东,王颖,高鹏.服装人台建模中的视觉图像人体轮廓细化提取[J].计算机工程与应用,2007,43(16):246-248.
[36]李白.基于三维扫描数据的人体模型构建[D].北京:北京服装学院,2007.
[37] Jones P.R., & Rioux M. Three-dimensional Surface Anthropometry: Applications to the Human Body[J]. Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 1997, 28 (9): 89-117.
[38] Breen D.E. Computer graphics in textiles and apparel modeling[J]. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 1996, 16(5): 26-27.
[39]孙喜英.服装用标准女子人体模型的研究与应用[D].上海:东华大学,2003.
[40]刘正,张欣.基于三维人体测量的服装用人台研究[D].陕西:西安工程科技学院,2006 .
[41]郭战锋,宁涛,张兆璞.三维服装人台曲面建模技术研究[J].工程图学学报,2008,(03):77-81.
[42]缪旭静.三维模拟人体在优化文胸结构设计中的运用[D].上海:东华大学, 2006.
[43]张涛.基于人体特征线的躯干曲面成形及三维服装展示系统的研究与实现[D].福建:厦门大学,2007.
[44]刘正,张欣,陈翔.基于逆向工程技术的虚拟个性化人台的制作[J].天津工业大学学报,2005,24(3):38-40.
[45]三吉满智子.服装造型学理论篇[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2000.
[46]冯乃林.人口统计漫谈[J].统计教育,2010,(02) .
[47]国家统计局人口和就业统计司.《中国人口统计年鉴-2006》[M].北京:中国纺织出版社,2006.
[48]卢纹岱. SPSS for Windows统计分析[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2007, 8.
[49] ISO/TR 10652 1991(E),服装标准尺寸系统[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 1991.
[50] JIS L 4003:1997,女孩服装的尺寸规格[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 1997.
[51] GB/T 1335.3—2009,服装号型儿童[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2009.
[52] Sun M. P., Yun J.N., Kueng M.C. A Study of 3D Virtual Fitting Model of Men's Lower Bodies in Forties by Morphing Technique[J]. Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, 2007, 31(3): 463-474.